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When efficient help is perceived as greed: experimental evidence
Get PDFWe study charitable behaviour when genuine donations can be misinterpreted as being greedy. This is relevant when private benefits from donating, like tax exemptions, bring into question whether donors are truly altruistically motivated. In our experiment, a potential donor, the distributor, decides how to split a sum of money between themselves, a paired non-distributor, and a charity of their choice. Choosing to donate part of the sum to charity is socially efficient because the charity receives four times the amount, with the difference covered by the experimenters. Our conditions vary in the choice set available to the distributor and whether the choice set becomes known to the non-distributor. With the choice set unknown, the distributor may be concerned that the non-distributor will believe the money has been split unfairly, with the distributor
keeping a larger share. Overall, we find this not to be the case: the number of individuals who donate to charity is not significantly lower when donating could be perceived as greedy
Annona muricata Graviola induces apoptosis in two osteosarcoma cell lines and downregulates the cytokines IL-6 and TGFβ1 which are implicated in tumour growth and metastasis
Get PDFOsteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumour which affects mostly young children. Despite advances in chemotherapy regimens there is still high fatality and cure rates remain low. Annona muricata Graviola (GR) is a tropical fruit bearing tree whose leaves, stems and fruits have indigenous medicinal properties. Studies have shown that GR has anti-tumour effects on breast, liver and prostate tumours. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GR on bone cancer cell lines of the OS lineage. Methods: Two human OS cell lines; HOS and MG63 were cultured with GR (300 mg/ml) for 24 h at 37°C. After which supernatants and cell pellets were collected and analyzed for apoptosis by microscopy and flow cytometry, using annexin staining. Culture supernatants were analyzed for IL-6 and transforming growth beta (TGFβ) using ELISAs. Label free proteomics was used to evaluate changes in protein expression. We also investigated the effect of combining blocking antibodies to p53 and BCL-2 with GR treatment on the cell lines. The effect on TGFβ expression was then measured using flow cytometry. Results: Treatment of HOS and MG63 cells with GR increased the expression of annexin compared to untreated cells. GR treatment also caused a dysregulation in the secretion of the cytokines IL-6 and TGFβ. Proteomics showed that GR induced apoptosis in OS cells through multiple pathways triggering an alteration in the expression of key proteins involved in cellular respiration, cell cycle, motility, DNA synthesis and cell death. Further, GR was shown to downregulate TGFβ through BCL-2 and p53 mediated pathways. Conclusion: The data suggest GR has anti-tumour effects on OS cell lines therefore the efficacy of GR should be tested clinically in OS patients
A critical comparison between democratic, neo-Vygotskian and dialogic pedagogies
Get PDFBased on a thorough consideration of pedagogical and sociological literature, combined with authors’ reflections on their own research with children, this article pursues two interrelated objectives. The first objective is discussing the circular relationships between facilitation of children’s agency and dialogue in educational contexts: facilitation is a dialogical form of communication, and a methodology to secure the sustainability of dialogue in educational interactions. Descending from the first, the second objective is to propose a critical comparison between facilitation of children’s agency, democratic pedagogies and neo-Vygotskian methodologies, considering the intersection between facilitation of children’s agency, democratic pedagogies and neo-Vygotskian methodologies, and the social structures underpinned by generational order. Although shared ethical and methodological underpinnings are identified, it is argued that the facilitation of children’s agency is more compatible with the construction of sustainable dialogic pedagogies because it positions children as authors of valid knowledge in educational interactions
The taste of memory
No full textGo on an immersive journey of food, migration and memory which connects generations within British-Chinese communities.
Beginning with London’s first Chinatown in Limehouse, the exhibition highlights the often-underrepresented voices of those who have shaped culinary experiences in the UK. Through historical narratives and objectives displays, explore themes of aspiration, adaptation, affiliation and assimilation
Wissensmanagement für die ICT-Bildungspartner der höheren Berufsbildung in der Schweiz: Eine Konzeption für ICT-Lehrgänge
No full textThe accelerating digitalization of industry and the corresponding rise in demand for qualified ICT professionals in Switzerland underscore the necessity of a more systematic approach to knowledge management within vocational education and training. At the tertiary level, modular ICT training programs offer structural flexibility, but often present challenges related to knowledge continuity, interdisciplinary coherence, and the acquisition of applied competencies.
This dissertation explores how knowledge management can be systematically integrated into ICT education to enhance pedagogical effectiveness and better align graduate qualifications with labor market expectations. Employing a qualitative research design, the study uses expert interviews and content analysis to evaluate current knowledge transfer mechanisms. The findings indicate that, while adaptable, the modular structure often results in compartmentalized learning and hinders the development of a comprehensive understanding across ICT domains.
Barriers to effective knowledge management include institutional resistance to curricular innovation, an overemphasis on theoretical content, and the lack of models for interdisciplinary learning. In response, the dissertation proposes a knowledge management framework tailored to ICT training institutions. This framework promotes coherent knowledge transfer across modules, strengthens interdisciplinary connections, and increases curricular responsiveness to industry standards.
Key components include collaborative learning formats, the implementation of knowledge transformation processes, and the systematic professional development of teaching staff. Together, these elements support a competency-based approach that enables learners to integrate and apply ICT knowledge in authentic professional contexts.
This study contributes to the scholarly discourse on vocational ICT education by highlighting the strategic importance of knowledge management in optimizing educational processes. It also provides actionable insights for policymakers, educators, and industry stakeholders seeking to improve the structural and didactic quality of ICT training in Switzerland.
By adopting the proposed framework, training providers can significantly enhance program quality, address competency gaps, and strengthen the alignment between vocational education and the evolving demands of a complex digital economy. This work thus establishes a conceptual foundation for future research at the intersection of knowledge management, curriculum development, and ICT pedagogy
Entwicklung eines Modells zum Austausch von Marktwissen in internationalen Hersteller-Handels-Beziehungen im Rahmen des Wissensmanagements aus der Perspektive der österreichischen Maschinenbaubranche
No full textA recommended way to establish oneself as a machine manufacturer on international markets without significant fixed costs is to establish contact with international trading partners. The choice of sales channels and organs is one of the most important sales strategy decisions a company can make. In the machinery industry, many manufacturers therefore work together with external sales partners in international sales.
Initially, the thesis deals intensively with the inter-organisational exchange of knowledge from the perspective of knowledge management. The framework for these exchange processes is formed by international manufacturer-trade relations. By focusing on the international machinery industry, industry-specific characteristics are taken into account in the exchange of knowledge.
The main objective of the dissertation is the design of a theoretically sound and empirically tested solution concept for the exchange of market knowledge in international manufacturer-trade relationships within the framework of knowledge management from the perspective of the Austrian machinery industry.
In order to answer the first theoretical research objective, the state of research on the exchange of knowledge between companies is surveyed. The literature is prepared with regard to the criteria "antecedents", "process" and "outcomes".
To answer the second theoretical research goal, a concept for the exchange of market knowledge is created. First, the special features of manufacturer-trade relationships as well as the machinery industry are discussed. Based on this, a concept for knowledge exchange running over several phases is presented on the basis of a strategic planning process.
In order to answer the empirical research question, an exploratory research project is to be implemented. For this purpose, a qualitative study is chosen in order to determine the most diverse and in-depth findings possible on the topic.
By combining the results from the theoretical and empirical parts, the final model for knowledge exchange can be created. The implementation of the knowledge sharing strategy can be divided into the phases of strategy, planning, testing, roll-out, and execution and improvement
Some human dimensions of understanding flood risk management
Get PDFFlood risk management involves managing the consequences of flooding as well at its hazard characteristics. This means attending to the human effects of floods and flood risk reduction. These effects are many and varied and are often poorly understood by those who make the relevant decisions. This short piece addresses this issue and calls for a greater awareness of what measures those at risk are motivated likely to undertake to reduce the risks that they personally face
The school as a civic institution
No full textIn this chapter, we think broadly about schools as civic institutions, and teachers as members of those institutions, and thus conceive of teachers as civic actors in their own right. On this view, we can see teachers’ engagement with colleagues, students and parents as part of the civic life of their communities. This chapter draws together disparate examples of action through the lenses of community organising, experiential learning and a responsive curriculum to present a vision of schools as ‘anchor’ institutions in their communities, playing a vital civic role and, as a consequence, generating a host of opportunities for learning politics across the whole community. In many local areas, schools may well be the biggest single institution having an impact on the local economy, environment, community safety and civic life. This is not, of course, what schools are primarily for, but it is an inevitable consequence of schools existing, and we offer some suggestions for how this broader community role can be better integrated with the school’s core educational mission
Leveraging digital twin technology for traffic optimization: a pathway to sustainable urban transportation
Get PDFUrbanization and rapid population growth have intensified
vehicular traffic, leading to congestion, increased travel
times, and environmental challenges, particularly carbon emissions. Addressing these issues requires innovative approaches that can optimize traffic flow while minimizing environmental impacts. Digital twin technology, a virtual replication of physical systems utilizing real-time data, has emerged as a promising solution in urban transportation management. This paper presents DT-STOP (Digital Twin for Sustainable Traffic Optimization and Planning), a novel framework leveraging computer vision and edge computing to optimize traffic management in unstructured traffic environments. DT-STOP is designed specifically for the
complex and often chaotic traffic scenarios seen in countries
like India, where lane discipline is minimal and vehicle diversity is high. Through the integration of digital twins and advanced AI-driven computer vision, DT-STOP enables dynamic traffic management, and improves urban mobility. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through a case study in an urban Indian setting, showcasing the efficiency of integrating computer vision in unstructured traffic environments
FAIR-Q: fairness and adaptive intelligent resource management with QoS optimization in dynamic 6G radio access networks
Get PDFThe advent of 6G networks brings diverse services, such as immersive multimedia, augmented reality, and massive IoT, each with stringent requirements for Quality of Service
(QoS) and fairness. These challenges expose the limitations of traditional scheduling algorithms, which struggle to dynamically adapt to evolving network conditions. To address this, we propose FAIR-Q, a novel Fairness and Adaptive Intelligent Resource Management framework with QoS optimization driven by Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach. FAIR-Q integrates a multi-objective reward function to optimize fairness, packet loss, delay, and rate constraints. The framework features two key controllers: a parameterization Controller, which dynamically adjusts scheduling parameters to ensure fairness, and a
Scheduling Rule Controller, which intelligently selects scheduling rules to adapt to real-time network conditions and align with QoS requirements. Simulation results demonstrate up to a 15% improvement in fairness and QoS satisfaction compared to static scheduling methods, underscoring the adaptability and scalability of FAIR-Q in dynamic 6G Radio Access Networks