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Quasi Biologically Plausible Category Learning
Get PDFThis paper explores machine learning using adaptive spiking neurons and spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP). This is shown to work on two categorisation tasks. It is neuro-biologically flawed but works with a small number of point neurons, and is much closer to biology than multi layer perceptrons. The work is derived from mathematical exploration and the portion of the parameter space where categorisation works is small. This is just a proof of concept that categorisation can be done by these spiking competitive nets with STDP. The parameter space could be further explored to find better results, or how to apply this to new categorisation tasks. This work provides support for further exploration of neurobiologically plausible category learning
Process evaluation of the Newham Y2A Hub: evaluating the implementation of a specialist youth to adulthood transitions service in probation
Get PDFYoung adults aged 18-25 years old in the criminal justice system face age-specific maturity needs, which relate to their rehabilitation. The Youth2Adulthood (Y2A) transitions Hub was developed to address these needs, alongside additional needs such as neurodiversity. The hub used a co-located probation and commissioned services model.
This process evaluation sought to gather evidence on the implementation of this bespoke hub model. Analysis of interviews with 60 members of staff and 35 young adults suggested that the Hub was implemented well. Participants were positive about the Hub and identified benefits and challenges related to its implementation
Affordances and borderscapes: language ideologies, nationalisms, generations and geographies of resistance in Cyprus
Get PDFIn this article, we explore the ways language has been used in Cyprus during different historical periods as a means of a dividing power, with the use of Cypriot dialects as a form of resistance and reunification of the island. We situate these translanguaging themes within a context of affective biopolitics that impacts Cypriot generations in shaping their everyday life through borderscapes and nationalisms. More specifically, we first examine how the official languages of the island (Greek and Turkish) have been used in the dominant public sphere(s) of Cyprus to marginalise Cypriot dialects, which, in turn, have been used as an oral means of communication, but also to impose symbolic signifiers of the biopolitics of borders and nationalisms in dividing communities. Secondly, we explore ways in which Cypriot dialects have been used as forms of linguistic resistance to nationalism, offering an alternative collective identity for generations of both communities, even during periods when nationalism was dominant in both communities. The translanguaging exploration centres on a close discourse analysis of one particular radio programme—the ‘Cypriot radio sketch’—that has been very popular among Cypriots since the appearance of radio in Cyprus in 1953. Finally, we analytically and discursively contextualise attempts of revival of the Cypriot dialects by younger generations as communicative forms of resistance to powers of partition, as well as translanguaging pathways to actualise their desire for the reunification of the island. We eclectically draw on a multi-method approach to combine datasets from interviews, media and social media while combining critical discourse analysis to theorise the affordances, borderscapes and affective biopolitics of generational language use within geographies of nationalism and resistance in the borderscapes of a divided Cyprus
Positive outcomes of attachment toward smartphone applications
Get PDFIt is generally believed that people’s strong attachment has positive effects on their brand support behaviors and life satisfaction. The positive effect of strong attachment on brand supportive behavior and life satisfaction has been well supported in academics in marketing and consumer research. Different from the existing studies, we expand our study to include those important consequence variables; (1) support behavior for parent brand, (2) attachment with smartphone itself that contains the applications, both as part of brand performance, and (3) stress relief as part of life satisfaction. To do so, a survey was conducted to college students and full-time employees who own smartphones in South Korea. The survey consisted of three types of applications (SNS and messenger, entertainment, education and information). We confirmed the results of previous studies, the positive effect of attachment with applications on brand supportive behaviour and life satisfaction through self-efficacy. Importantly, attachment with applications positively influences even parent brand supportive behaviour, encourages attachment with smartphone, and leads to life satisfaction through stress relief. Our study may provide contributions academically and practically in the area of mobile consumer behaviour and life satisfaction, since no existing studies have examined the relationships that the current study does.선행 연구를 통해 사람들이 가지고 있는 애착은 브랜드 지지 행동과 삶의 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히, 강한 애착이 브랜드 지지 행동과 삶의 만족도에 미치는 긍정적인 영향은 마케팅 및 소비자 연구 분야에서 많은 연구가 되어 왔다. 본 연구는 기존 문헌에 근거하여 1) 모 브랜드에 대한 지지 행동, 2) 브랜드 성과 측면에서의 애플리케이션이 포함된 스마트폰 자체에 대한 애착, 3) 삶의 만족 측면에서의 스트레스 해소라는 중요한 결과 변수를 연구 모형에 포함하여 기존의 연구를 확장했다. 이를 위해, 국내의 스마트폰 사용자인 대학생과 직장인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 설문은 애플리케이션(SNS 및 메신저, 엔터테인먼트, 교육 및 정보) 종류에 따라 세 가지 유형 구성하였다. 연구 결과, 애플리케이션에 대한 애착이 브랜드 지지 행동과 자아 효능감을 통한 삶의 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 기존 연구 결과를 확인했다. 또한, 애플리케이션 애착이 모 브랜드 지지 행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 스마트폰 애착을 촉진하며, 스트레스 해소를 통한 삶의 만족으로 이어진다는 점을 발견하였다. 본 연구를 통해 모바일 사용을 통한 소비자 행동이 삶의 만족도 영역으로 확장될 수 있음을 확인하여, 연구 결과를 학문적, 실무적으로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다
Characteristics of an AI tutor to prepare students in technical subjects for the new Society 5.0
No full textThe expression Society 5.0 was coined by the Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to describe a Society which is not driven by capital but is driven by data. Artificial Intelligence (AI) will be widely used in Society 5.0. This paper describes a project where AI was used to create a tutoring system to assist students in computer programming. The student perceptions of the tutoring bot has been previously reported. In contrast, this paper describes certain characteristics which an AI tutoring bot should have in order to help students in technical subjects in Society 5.0. Detailed examples are provided verbatim from the conversation log files recorded during the project to show how these suggested characteristics should work
Moral injury and NHS talking therapies: psychological therapists and their experiences of moral challenges - a reflexive thematic analysis
Get PDFThe current study investigates how psychological therapists experience morally challenging events when working in NHS Talking Therapies (formally IAPT) and why these events may occur. The theory of Moral Injury was used as the guiding theoretical concept to make sense of participant’s experiences, and a Reflexive Thematic Analysis was adopted as the methodology of choice. From this, five themes were generated: (1) The Setting: Introducing the Moral Territories; (2) The Threat: Invasion of the Moral Territories; (3) The Battle: Experiences of the Invasion; (4) The Resistance: Strategies used to Survive; and (5) The Context: Age of Clinical Tyranny. An additional three sub-themes were also generated: (1) Relational Hill; (2) The Failed Strategy; and (3) The Power of Togetherness. The data supports Moral Injury as a distinct theoretical model and indicates it to be a helpful and applicable theory in understanding the moral difficulties experienced by psychological therapists in NHS Talking Therapies. Furthermore, the current research suggests this population may be at risk of Moral Injury. To understand why, links are made between (a) the moral conflicts identified by participants and (b) the wider socio-political landscape. As such, this study draws attention to the contemporary shifts in the art and science of psychotherapy and how neo-liberalism, the division of labour, and workplace alienation may be related to such shifts
Women Fighters in the Kurdish National Movement. Transforming Gender Politics and the PKK, by Mustafa Kemal Topal [Book Review]
Get PDFBook review of: Women Fighters in the Kurdish National Movement. Transforming Gender Politics and the PKK, by Mustafa Kemal Topa
Organizational conditions and teacher turnover in private schools of United Arab Emirates
Get PDFThis paper explores factors contributing to teacher turnover and job satisfaction in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study deployed a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design to examine organizational conditions influencing teacher turnover decisions and job satisfaction in UAE's private schools. Findings indicated that teachers perceived low support from leaders in student-related matters, professional recognition, professional goal advancement, involvement in decision-making, and collaborative culture. Teachers also perceived a high workload and a low work-life balance. These findings have implications for professional development programs for school leaders focusing on talent management strategies that enable supportive structures and professional collaboration opportunities while balancing teacher workload. Focusing on these factors can improve teachers' working conditions, satisfaction, and retention
‘In the interests of justice’: cases of caste violence in the Supreme Court of India
No full textThe caste system hierarchically stratifies society into distinct groups, perpetuating systemic discrimination and violence that affects nearly a quarter of the world’s population. While the caste-based discrimination is prevalent across South Asia and among diaspora communities, it is most pronounced in India, where the formerly untouchable communities, now collectively identified as Dalits, are subjected to extreme marginalisation and violence. Caste-based discrimination is constitutionally recognised in India, and as a form of descent-based discrimination under the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
In India, legislative measures addressing the caste-based discrimination have evolved since the pre-independence period, culminating in the enactment of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, which explicitly criminalises caste-based violence against the oppressed castes by the dominant castes. In the context of growing caste violence in India, and caste increasingly becoming a legal issue elsewhere, this thesis critically examines the cases of caste violence adjudicated by the Supreme Court of India within the Indian legal framework.
The study begins by situating the contemporary manifestations of caste violence within their historical context, extending from the pre- and early colonial, colonial, and post-colonial eras in India. It then traces the legislative evolution of anti-discrimination laws, leading to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act of 1989, which criminalises caste atrocities committed by the oppressor castes against the outcastes in India. Subsequently, it thematically analyses the cases involving caste-based violence that were appealed to the Supreme Court of India, including the nature of the violence, the judicial responses of lower courts, and the reasons for escalation to the Supreme Court. Finally, it systematically categorises and critically evaluates the Supreme Court judgments in the appeals arising from caste atrocity proceedings under the PoA Act.
Following a comprehensive analysis of caste atrocity jurisprudence, the findings reveal significant gaps and the inadequacies in the legal framework and the justice system in delivering justice in caste atrocity cases, and the systemic exclusion of the marginalised communities from accessing justice