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Towards organic collaborative governance for a more sustainable environment: evolutionary game analysis within the policy implementation of China's net-zero emissions goals
Get PDFMany countries in the world have pledged to achieve net-zero emissions goals, implementing a range of relevant policies. As the key implementers in these initiatives, the collaboration between government and enterprise is crucial for the realization of net-zero emissions goals and better sustainable environment. However, the heterogeneous interests of these stakeholders often lead to a game. This research constructs an evolutionary game model to analyze the interactions between government and enterprises, utilizing field studies from China and extensive literature review, to illustrate the behavioral strategies and game dynamics of the two parties. The results show that optimal outcomes are achieved when the government effectively engages enterprises, who in turn actively participate in these initiatives. In addition, this study explores how adjusting game parameters, optimizing the distribution of costs and benefits, and establishing incentive-compatible mechanisms can align the strategic behaviors of both parties towards a more stable equilibrium. This approach facilitates a more organic collaborative governance for better sustainable environment, which has proved fundamental for the robust implementation of net-zero emissions policies. The insights provided in this research broaden the theoretical boundaries of climate governance and policy implementation, providing practical guidelines for policy implementers engaged in net-zero emissions and sustainable environment
NCL Nursing and Midwifery systems leadership programme – evaluation report
No full textThis report of the evaluation of the NCL ICB Nursing and Midwifery System Leadership (NMSL) programme briefly describes the context of this system leadership programme, its aims, methodology and programme outline, followed by the evaluation methodology and its findings; as well as recommendations to inform future leadership education and training in NCL ICB.
A mixed methods evaluation methodology included:
1. self-reported confidence measures (distributed as pre- and post-programme questionnaires) were completed by fellows at three time points over 12 months
2. two focus groups with fellows
3. two individual interviews with two programme facilitators and a chief nurse in NCL ICB
4. a joint group interview with two chief nurses from NCL ICB NHS trusts
5. non-participant observation during two programme events.
Data collection began in Summer 2023 and ran in three waves until Spring 2024. From the 22 NMSL participants, at three time points (start of programme, mid-way through and after completion), there were 43 survey responses in total (wholly or partially completed questionnaires) with one third of these (32.6%, n=14) from the baseline survey, rising to 18 (41.9%) from the mid-point survey and 11 responses (one quarter of the total) being from the final wave of the survey. The average response rate across the three waves of the survey was high (65.2%), but with wide variation from 81.8% (mid-point) to 50% (final).
There were 22 participants at the first focus group, eight in the second.
The survey data were analysed using SPSS v.27 to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to test for significant change over the three waves of the survey in selected scale (ordinal) variables. The qualitative data from interviews were recorded and transcribed by a professional transcriber, then analysed thematically.
What we know now:
a. The mixed methods design showed that NMSL programme participants’ confidence improved as did their knowledge about systems leadership.
b. However, there are still silos of knowledge which shape their confidence in their roles as leaders and relatively little confidence in their roles as systems leaders in the local NHS or in relation to the ICB’s vision and priorities.
c. Clinical nurse/midwife leaders need support to develop knowledge, skills and confidence in systems leadership
d. There is a need for clinical nurse/midwife leaders to have ‘space-to-reflect’ on their leadership practice
e. Support to ‘time’ release fellows from practice is fundamental to success in programmes of learning especially where clinical nurse/midwife leaders have frontline roles
f. Fellows engage in peer learning effectively and co-construct peer networks for future practice
g. Clinical nurse/midwife leaders are open to novel learning programmes which develop them as future systems leaders.
What we can learn from this report to develop and support future NHS system leaders
a. Current and future cohort(s) on the NMSL programme need support to increase confidence in, and recontextualise knowledge of, system leadership, in their home NHS trusts
b. Nurse/Midwifery leaders need to understand how politics frame professional practice and systems leadership
c. There is a need to increase nurse/midwife leaders’ (at Band 8 and above) understanding of autonomy, accountability in systems working and their confidence and ability to raise issues
d. Current and future cohorts on the NMSL programme need to maintain networks which initiate and sustain cross system leadership through:
a. space-to-reflect action learning sets
b. access to funded coaching
c. access to career mentoring
e. Outcome measures which track confidence in system leadership over time and track cross system working initiatives should be developed
f. Systems leaders need support post leadership programme to sustain energy in system leadership networks.
g. Finding the courage to voice concerns is vital in whistleblowing and duty of candour and should be underpinned by an understanding of and a willingness to be autonomous and accountable
Screening of '4 Minute Cut' (1987), 'Sunday School' (1987), and 'Poison Girls: Real Woman' (1984)
No full textFilm Screening at British Film Institute - BFI Southbank: 'Do It Yourself: Women Artist Filmmakers and Punk', curated by Will Fowler and Rachel Garfield. 24th Jan. 2024. One of 4 artists screening and in conversation- for 'Women in Revolt' exhibition, Tate.
Sunday School
1987. Dir Anne Robinson. 28min
Poison Girls: Real Woman
1984. Dir Wildtrax (Anne Robinson, Caroline Sheldon, Claire Glassman, Jenia Iljon). 4min
4 Minute Cut
1987. Dir Anne Robinson. 4mi
Autoethnography, storytelling and Lego® Serious Play®: embracing the subjectivity of practice to engage students within academic librarianship
Get PDFIn this article Alan Wheeler advocates for academic librarians to employ the principles of autoethnography and storytelling within their practice, as a tactic for student engagement. As a librarian and researcher operating within Higher Education (HE), Alan has always illustrated his practice with personal accounts of how to operate effectively as a student. Here, he proposes that librarians in academia embrace the autoethnographic principles of vulnerability, uncertainty and subjectivity to explore their position within HE, but also as a teaching tool
Working mothers and lockdown: a thematic analysis study using the four existential lifeworlds to explore the lived experience of school closures during COVID-19
Get PDFDuring the school closures of lockdown, despite the claim in the UK media, not all working mothers returned to the stereotypical ‘1950s housewife’. The current study was undertaken to explore and give voice to the holistic, lived experience of working mothers of primary school-aged children when the schools were closed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research question was “What was the lived experience of working mothers when the schools were closed between March 2020 and March 2021?’. Participants were eight working mothers aged 45-55 with two or more children aged 4-11. Video interviews were conducted on Zoom using a semi-structured approach. The methodology was reflexive thematic analysis. The four existential lifeworlds (physical, social, personal and spiritual) were used to ensure the holistic collection and analysis of the interview data. As researcher, my lived experience as a working mother throughout the study was recorded using a reflexive diary. The parallel sense of being-in-sway between my roles of worker, mother, researcher and student were made visible throughout the study. The overarching theme found was of paradoxes between both challenging and cherishing experiences within their lifeworlds, such as being restricted and free in their physical world, connected and disconnected in their social world, distressed and delighted in their personal world and blending and compartmentalising in their spiritual world. The paradoxes were understood using an existential frame that positions human living as being in contradiction and the constant need to hold these in tension. The concept of paradoxes was extended to include the sense of movement by arguing that the experience of paradoxes in their experience was like a constant movement, which the study names being-in-sway. Contributions from the findings from the study are to support those in clinical practice who see working mothers, organisational work practices to support working mothers and government socio-economic policy for future school closures. Future studies using a grounded theory approach could support and extend further the concept of being-in-sway as a term which can support an extension of the current literature on working mothers and overcome criticism for focusing on work-life conflict and work-life balance as binary concepts. A more nuanced term, such as being-in-sway, could illuminate further the experience of paradoxes for working mothers and help challenge the dominant discourses of the idealised mother
Measuring the effectiveness and quantity of defensive pressure in football
Get PDFThe “high press” is a collective team defensive strategy which aims to reduce the opponent’s defensive players’ time and space when they have possession of the ball in their defensive third of the pitch. To measure this effectively player and ball movements need to be recorded multiple times per second and a complex algorithm developed. However, Trainor (2014) developed a proxy measure, passes allowed per defensive action (PPDA) which utilises only on the ball measures. PPDA was shown to be a reasonably valid indictor of defensive strategy in Study 1 with low values suggesting a team used a high press, usually by teams that dominated possession and tended to be the highest ranked teams in the English Premier League. The Korean KL1 league followed similar patterns to the EPL but the lowest PPDA teams were at the top, middle and bottom of the league. Study 2 therefore ranked teams using a K-means cluster analysis with Euclidean distancing based on the goals for and against to provide a data driven explanation for new ranking classes. PPDA values in the Bundesliga, LaLiga and the KL1 were lower when losing and higher when winning although when playing against the highest ranked teams in both the Bundesliga and LaLiga, teams’ PPDA values did not differ significantly when winning, drawing or losing, suggestive of an inability to dramatically change their playing style against a superior opponent. Study 3 showed that when PPDA values were classified into different PPDA clusters 59.3% of match periods, defined by match status, in the Bundesliga (83.4% in LaLiga) involved both teams employing a high press defensive strategy. Future research should consider whether defensive team metrics such as PPDA, xG against and ball regains can be modelled together to better define defensive playing strategy
When two bodies meet in the therapy room: a hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of the male therapists’ embodied lived experience when being with male clients with disordered eating behaviours
Get PDFThis is the first hermeneutic phenomenological study looking at the male therapists’ embodied experience when working with male clients with disordered eating behaviours. There has been an increase of disordered eating behaviours in men, and the promotion of westernised muscular and lean bodies has been considered a contributory factor. Nonetheless, men experience a high level of stigma and shame because of the belief that they are struggling with a female problem. There has been little focus on this gendered experience, but also on the role that male psychotherapists may have in supporting men to look at their relationship with their bodies in a safe environment. The aim of this research is to elicit rich and meaningful insights of the male therapists’ experience to deepen the understanding of the role that they may have on their male clients’ recovery in a context that has been female-led.
This is a qualitative study using interviews from six participants to extract data about the male therapists’ when being in embodied relatedness with male clients with disordered eating behaviours. Van Manen’s hermeneutic Phenomenology of Practice (2014) was used as the methodology to reveal and explore the most prominent themes that emerged from the interviews. The data was obtained in two stages. Firstly, by setting out a written description of an experience working with a male client with disordered eating behaviours. Secondly, an online interview using a conversational approach to further discuss the piece of writing, and any other relevant clinical experiences. Each transcript segment was labelled, organised and clustered to specific themes, and then cross-participant analysis was carried out to look for themes across all interviews.
Three interconnected themes were identified to describe the essence of the experience: a mutual experience of starvation between the male therapist and male client, what feels unbearable in the therapy room, and the connection established through their shared maleness.
Discussion of these findings indicate the importance of their therapeutic, psychological, somatic, social and political implications in the contemporary world, whilst enhancing the current literature of the male experience of disordered eating behaviours and Eating Disorders (ED). Merleau-Ponty’s ideas on the phenomenology of the body, Sartre’s notion of being objectified by the gaze of the Other, and Foucault’s thinking on systemic regulatory structures over male bodies contributed to the emergence of the themes. This study provides compelling accounts and descriptions from male therapists working with male clients with disordered eating behaviours that may contribute to support clinically and personally male mental health practitioners in a field that has been historically considered female dominated. This study shines light on the importance of creating spaces for these male clients to acknowledge the importance of asking for support, embody vulnerability whilst being in a therapeutic relationship and challenge social discourses that have shaped male bodies to destigmatize this experience and increase its visibility in ED
Skill intensity in manufacturing exports: do basic, technology-intensive, or differentiated exports cause growth in Kuwait?
No full textThis study examines the causality between basic, technology-intensive, and differen- tiated manufacturing exports and economic growth in Kuwait using data from 1970 to 2021 and two augmented production function models: one with natural resource exports (Model 1) and the other without on both sides of the model (Model 2). The Johansen cointegration and the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) bound tests are conducted to examine the long-run relationship between the vari- ables. In addition, the Granger causality test in a vector autoregressive framework (VAR) and the Toda–Yamamoto test are employed to explore the directions of the short- and long-run causality between variables, respectively. The empirical results of Model 1 indicate that neither of the decomposed manufacturing exports directly causes economic growth in the short or long run at any conventional significance level, whereas natural resource exports cause economic growth, basic and technol- ogy-intensive manufactured exports in the short-run at the 5% level. Model 2 esti- mations confirm the absence of direct causality between decomposed manufacturing exports and economic growth, whereas a long-run causality runs from output net of natural resource exports to basic manufactured exports at the 10% level. Both model estimations indicate that all the variables jointly cause economic growth and basic manufactured exports in the short and long run, directly or indirectly through imports, confirming the existence of a circular causation. These findings can serve as the basis for designing specific export–import policies to foster diversification and a sustainable economic growth in line with Kuwait’s Vision 2035
Forecasting gasoline market volatility using non-linear time series models?
No full textThis study forecasts the dynamics of gasoline price returns using daily data from January 2, 1992, to June 6, 2022, and crude oil price returns as a regressor. The non-linear dependence in the volatility of the gasoline return is confirmed and the Markov Switching (MS), the Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models are estimated. To account for the linear dependence found in the initial estimates, a GARCH(1,1) model with lagged gasoline returns is used, while a GARCH(1,1) is fitted on the Markov switching residual to capture both the volatility in the conditional mean and variance. The forecasting performance of the estimated models is evaluated, and the GARCH(1,1) on the Markov Switching residual is found to be the best model to forecast the average gasoline returns, while the GARCH(1,1) with linear dependence is preferable for forecasting the volatility of gasoline returns. Identifying the best time series model is crucial for the market participants, and especially for oil companies to evaluate the market situation