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Kashmir’s crafts women tacit, embodied knowledge and its value in post‑conflict reconstruction
Get PDFMuch has been written about Kashmiri crafts: their history and provenance, their value to the community that makes and sells them, and about those who buy into the notion of handcrafted. What is seldom examined, however, is the changing nature of these crafts and how they remain at the centre of Kashmiri culture, identity and economy even in times as turbulent as the present. Due to an intractable conflict, fed by ethnic and religious differences, along the Line of Control, which is the de factor border of Indian Kashmir with Pakistan, many generations of Kashmiris have grown up with a ringside view of violence. The conflict in Kashmir has resulted in limited investment and development, and the region risks falling into a spiral of poverty, unemployment and turmoil. Reconstruction is a long and arduous road. According to the World Bank, there are two main objectives: to facilitate transition from war to sustainable peace and to support the resumption of economic and social development, where post‑conflict reconstruction entails rebuilding institutions and jump-starting the economy (Kreimer 1998). In this chapter, I argue that culturally embedded practices playing a key role in identity creation should also have a role in the reconstruction. Crafts in Kashmir are rich in social significance and cultural value, employ many people and generate significant revenue, which can potentially contribute to economic reconstruction.
In this chapter, I discuss the history of the famous Kashmiri shawl and examine the changes it has undergone over the last few decades, focusing on gendered conflict‑driven shifts in the practices of making. I draw on empirical data from two decades of engagement in Indian Kashmir, district Srinagar; all names have been changed to protect identities of Kashmiri women (Raina 2009). Unless stated, all interviews and observations are from my own fieldwork since 2001. I attempt to tell the story of changing craft traditions and to capture the dynamic culture of making in the context of conflict in Kashmir. There is a vast body of historical work about the Kashmiri shawl (Ames 1997; Lévi‑Strauss 1986; Rehman & Jafri 2006) and a significant body of work on the politics of Kashmir (Bose 2021; Schofield 2021). However, these works rarely examine the cultural practices of the region or consider them as key to its future. This chapter will reveal deeper insights into how conflict, craft, and gender overlap, and what it means to make a Kashmiri shawl in 2023
Oh We of Little Faith… have midwives lost their faith?
No full textMidwifery in the UK has had challenges for a long time and has taken a battering in recent years. Have we lost our direction and purpose? In this passionate article, Lola Ornato, Midwifery Education Fellow, Middlesex University, questions our faith in women and birthing people’s bodies and calls for returning to the basics
Intermittent auscultation during labour
No full textWährend der intrapartalen Betreuung gehört die Be-urteilung des fetalen Wohlbefindens zu den zentralen Aufgaben der Hebamme. Die Frage, wie die fetale Herzfrequenz am zuverlässigsten überwacht werden kann, ist dabei nach wie vor Gegenstand aktueller Dis-kussionen. Die kontinuierliche elektronische fetale Überwachung und die intermittierende Auskultation stehen dem Gesundheitspersonal heute als Überwa-chungsmethoden zur Verfügung. Dieser Artikel wid-met sich der intermittierenden Auskultation und ihrer Bedeutung in der klinischen Praxis
The transfer of irradiated uranium from the Irish Sea coast to the terrestrial environment in Cumbria, UK
No full textSea-to-land transfer of irradiated uranium in soil samples was measured along a transect from the Cumbrian coast south of the Windscale Sellafield nuclear site in a NE direction across the Cumbrian coastal plain. Soluble uranium components were extracted by ion exchange chromatography and ratios 236U:238U and 235U:238U were measured using multi-collector ICP-MS. The method employed demonstrated the utility of 236U ratio measurements for the determination of irradiated uranium in environmental samples. The results produced for uranium were like those that have been reported for other fission product and nuclear fuel components that have been shown to be marine in origin. Measured 236U levels were highest close to the seashore and decreased rapidly as an exponential function of distance. The results indicated the absence of depleted uranium, such as might result from the deposition of aerosols generated by the testing of DU munitions at the nearby Eskmeals firing range in all but one sample
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for treatment of diabetes and obesity: advantage of oral delivery
Get PDFGLP-1 receptor agonists ((GLP-1 RAs) are currently receiving a lot of attention because of their impact in diabetes, weight loss and other areas. While GLP-1 RAs in injectable form are highly efficacious, further work is required to develop oral versions which can deliver these peptides efficiently without requiring use of excessively high doses. This paper describes the ability of an oral peptide delivery formulation, Axcess™, to enhance uptake of GLP-1 receptor agonists via the intestine, resulting in changes in insulin and glucose blood levels indicative of biopotencies of 9% for exendin-4 and 14.8% for semaglutide in preclinical models. The route of delivery suggests that the peptides will be able to interact with the GLP-1 receptors on the vagal afferents of the intestine, as is the case for native GLP-1 in healthy individuals. GLP-1 receptor agonists administered via this route will be a valuable addition to the therapeutic modalities available for treatment of diabetes and obesity
Operation Soteria Bluestone: rethinking RASSO investigations
No full textPurpose
This paper aims to evaluate how five Operation Soteria Bluestone (OSB) participating forces integrated principles of procedural justice and proactive disruption of offending into their investigations, specifically during the closing stages of a case when considering exit strategy and longer-term prevention.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods approach was taken, including 32 semi-structured interviews with officers and 59 case reviews of recent rape and serious sexual offences (RASSO). Data analysis methods included qualitative thematic analysis of interviews, while data from reviewed case logs was extracted and analysed using a bespoke case review tool.
Findings
Increased workloads, preparation of evidence and relational/communication difficulties with the crown prosecution service (CPS) were identified as barriers to implementing long-term disruption options. Dedicated resourcing, training and support are needed to promote suspect-focused investigative strategy and wider uptake of long-term disruption methods. Early investigative approach was also found to have “snowball” effects on suspect exit strategy, with initial lack of suspect focus and preoccupation with victim credibility, impeding consideration of long-term disruption and safeguarding options. Findings also point to a disparity between promising practice in relation to procedural justice for victims and (a relative lack of) proactive policing of repeat suspects.
Originality/value
The study represents a novel contribution to research on policing RASSO, illustrating the scale and nature of the obstacles to changing how these offences are investigated, even when under intense scrutiny from policy makers. It also highlights how increased organisational investment and support is linked to positive changes in practice in some forces
Public knowledge, sentiments, and perceptions of low dose radiation (LDR) and power production, with special reference to reactor accidents
No full textPeople’s perceptions concerning radiation inform decision making in relation to nuclear power production. There have been extensive studies of people’s perceptions of radiation including in relation to the Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear events. This paper reports on a social science literature review study and is concerned with public responses to low dose radiation (LDR) and nuclear facilities, particularly in the marine environment. This review confirms that people with little knowledge about radiation have the highest risk perceptions in relation to nuclear power; conversely people with a broader knowledge have lower risk perceptions and are more favourable to nuclear power. Education can increase positive perceptions, but the influence of underlying experience of feeling, emotion, attachment, or mood may dampen this effect. This paper reports studies which document anxiety within the Japanese community in relation to the Fukushima nuclear accident. Literature concerning specific radionuclides released is described. While there are uncertainties about the presence of health impacts following LDR exposures, public attitudes are not in line. There is a need for better dialogue between nuclear professionals and scientists to achieve better nuclear education and public communication outcomes; more specific communication surrounding multi-isotopes, and multi-elements of nuclear power plant disaster releases is warranted. Trusted communicators should include nuclear and social scientists as well as regulators. Given the importance of decarbonization in the context of climate change, this is increasingly important
Beyond clinical thresholds: the continuum of depressive symptoms and their influence on diabetes outcomes
No full textWorldwide, over half a billion people are living with diabetes, and this number is expected to rise to 783 million by 2045. The prevalence of depression in diabetes is doubled compared to people without diabetes. This comorbidity has been associated with greater risk of mortality, cognitive decline, and diabetes complications. The aim of this thesis was to advance knowledge on the role of depression in diabetes and the currently available pathways to care. A systematic review examining the longitudinal association between depression and diabetes complications (Study 1) revealed a bidirectional relationship, with depression being a stronger predictor of complications than vice versa. A dose-response relationship was found, with even low levels of depressive symptoms predicting complications. Study 2 examined the role of maladaptive schemas as a cognitive vulnerability factor for depression in diabetes. Results revealed elevated maladaptive schemas in current and past depression compared to never depressed people as well as a linear association with depressive symptoms, even in the never-depressed group, highlighting the importance of subthreshold symptoms. Further, the relationship between schemas and depression was moderated by perceived stress in three of the five schemas. Study 3 examined the pathways to mental health care in individuals with diabetes and depression across 12 countries and found an undiagnosed depression rate of 58.3%. With many of the diagnoses within the existing settings discovered in primary care and diabetes centres, these may be a future target to improve depression detection. Together, these results highlight the importance of subclinical levels of depression in individuals with diabetes. Consideration must be given to the adoption of a dimensional concept of mental health problems in favour of the current categorical approach. Further research is needed to examine the reasons for high rates of undiagnosed depression and to find effective treatments for subthreshold depression
Mitglieder der Generation Z als Abnehmer von Produkten des Retailbankings – eine theoretische und empirische Analyse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von zukünftigen Hochschulabsolventen der Betriebswirtschaftslehre
Get PDFThis scientific work deals with the generational change in Germany. With a focus on Generation Z (age groups from approx. in the mid-1990s to about 2010) as young and partly future consumers of financial products and financialservices in German retail banking, attempts were made to give a possible prediction of future demand behaviour of this cohort.
With the help of compiled theoretical and empirical research results, a more precise typification of Generation Z could be achieved. Generation Z, known as Gen Z or digital natives, is an age cohort that has been and is mainly shaped by different digital technologies. She has a strong understanding of social responsibility, environmental protection and sustainability, as well as various forms of digital communication. As a result, it places specific demands on German retail banking.
Digitization is the basic prerequisite for communicating and interacting with these financial customers. This customer clientele wants detailed information about financial products regardless of location and time and would prefer to be able to access personal (digital) support around the clock.
It is also important that the financial service provider takes into account Gen Z's need for flexibility and individuality. Financial services and products are considered by Generation Z to be tailor-made financial solution models and should meet the individual preferences of each customer. Along with this, the communication between customer and financial service provider must meet this need for individuality.
It is important for financial institutions to develop a social and sustainable "footprint", in the sense of an ecological footprint, and to establish it in key social media.
There are noticeable gaps in Gen Z's knowledge of financial matters. In this regard, there is a need for financial training by the financial advisor. After all, Generation Z wants to make in-formed decisions and educate themselves at the same time.
Despite all these specific requirements of Generation Z for financial service providers, members have an increased cost awareness. On the one hand, they expect their financialinstitution to provide an extremely comprehensive range of information and make massive investments in digitization and personalized offers combined with personal advice, but on the other hand, they want to bear the lowest possible costs for their financial solution models. At the same time, possible costs must be transparent and fully disclosed
Measuring what learners do in feedback: the feedback literacy behaviour scale
Get PDFFeedback can be powerful, but its effects are dependent on what students do. There has been intensive research in recent years under the banner of ‘feedback literacy’ to understand how to help students make the most of feedback. Although there are instruments to measure feedback literacy, they largely measure perceptions and orientations rather than what learners actually do. This paper documents the development and validation of the Feedback Literacy Behaviour Scale (FLBS), which is a self-report instrument intended to measure students’ feedback behaviours. A framework for feedback literacy was constructed with five factors: Seek Feedback information (SF), Make Sense of information (MS), Use Feedback information (UF), Provide Feedback information (PF), and Manage Affect (MA). An initial set of 45 questions were reviewed in an iterative process by feedback experts, resulting in 39 questions that were trialled with 350 student participants from four countries. Our final survey of 24 questions was generally supported by confirmatory factor and Rasch analyses, and has acceptable test-retest reliability. The FLBS provides a more robust way for educators and researchers to capture behavioural indicators of feedback literacy and the impact of interventions to improve it