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Vpliv situacijskih spremnljivk na napadalne procese v nogometu
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to identify the influence of situational variables i.e. match venue, opposition quality, match status, key player and interaction of situation variables on the attacking process. Full season match data (n=38) from Premier League Football Club Crystal Palace in 2017/2018 season were analysed. Crystal Palace created more midfield line breaks, zone 14, wide area, penalty box possession and less counter attacks when playing at home compared to away, when playing against bottom teams than middle teams, middle teams than top teams, when drawing than losing, wining than drawing and with key player than without him. These results suggested that different strategy changes, for different levels of situational variables, could have led to more goals being scored. This type of analysis could provide information for better match preparation, where coaches create match strategies for different external situations. However, sample size, pitch area and individual players’ contributions will be necessary considerations for this methodology to provide practically useful information for applied practice. This approach helps close the theory-practice gap but also exemplifies why the gap exists and the difficulty in closing it fully.Namen študije je bil identificirati vpliv situacijskih spremenljivk, tj. tekme doma in v gosteh, kakovost tekmecev, rezultatski status tekme, igranje ključnega igralca in interakcijo situacijskih spremenljivk s procesi v fazi napadanja. Podatki so bili pridobljeni v sezoni 2017/2018 (n=38) na tekmah ekipe Crystal Palace v angleški Premier League. Ekipa Crystal Palace je večkrat preigrala tekmece skozi srednjo linijo, skozi cono 14, igrala več v širino, imela več posesti žoge v tekmečevem kazenskem prostoru in izvedla manj protinapadov, ko je igrala doma v primerjavi z igro v gosteh. Te razlike so bile ugotovljene na tekmah proti slabšim ekipam v primerjavi s tekmami proti ekipam iz sredine lestvice ter na tekmah proti ekipam iz sredine lestvice v primerjavi s tekmami proti najboljšim ekipam, ko je ekipa igrala neodločeno v primerjavi s porazom, ko je ekipa zmagala v primerjavi z neodločenim rezultatom in ko je v ekipi igral najboljši napadalni igralec oziroma je ekipa igrala brez njega. Ti rezultati nakazujejo, da lahko ekipe s taktičnimi spremembami in ob upoštevanju situacijskih spremenljivk dosežejo ugodnejši rezultat. S tovrstnimi analizami trenerji pridobijo pomembne informacije, ki jih je smiselno upoštevati v pripravah na tekme. Pri tem je potrebno analizirati zadostno število tekem, opazovanim spremenljivkam določiti mesto dogodka na igrišču in ustrezno opredeliti doprinos vseh igralcev. S prikazanim metodološkim pristopom bo možno zmanjšati vrzel med teorijo in neposredno prakso, pri čemer je evidentno, da te vrzeli v popolnosti ni možno izničiti
The big picture: what does sustainability look like in practice in the early years?
Get PDFSustainability is succinctly defined in the Bruntland Report (1987) as a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs'. As a result of this report, which was published by the World Commission on Environment and Development in 1987, the ‘Three Pillars of Sustainability’ were developed:
• social
• economic
• environmental.
Each of these pillars are holistically interconnected, so must not be viewed in isolation. Alongside these three pillars are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by all United Nations members in 2015, which are a useful framework to support all sectors, including the early years, to translate sustainability into everyday practice and life (see Case studies in the article. What does sustainability look like in your setting
Revisiting the EKC framework concerning COP-28 carbon neutrality management: evidence from Top-5 carbon embittering countries
Get PDFIn the aftermath of the 28th Conference of the Parties (CoP) climate summit in the UAE, the majority of developing countries encounter challenges in attaining their objectives of carbon neutrality for a sustainable economy. The association of economic factors such as economic growth, governance structures, forest area, renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and urbanization with environmental elements (carbon footprint) is vital for sustainable economic development and environmental management strategies. Therefore, this research reveals this association in five selected high-emitting countries spanning from 1990 to 2022. This research utilizes the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework to investigate the interrelationship between these variables. To do so, this study employs the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL) statistical technique to determine the short- and long-term impacts of the variables under investigation on carbon footprint. In contrast, the mean group (MG) and common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) have been applied for robustness. The findings revealed that GDP, urbanization, and forest area have positive associations with carbon footprints, whereas GDP square, renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and governance effectiveness have inverse relationships with carbon footprints. These findings provide all stakeholders with valuable policy recommendations and management advice for accelerating the transition of renewable energy to low-carbon and green growth
Insider trading and CEO pay-gap induced turnover
Get PDFWe explore how insider trading returns, disparities in executive pay, and CEO turnover are interrelated. Our findings reveal both independent and interactive effects for insider trading returns, the CEO pay gap, and the likelihood of CEO turnover. First, an increase in abnormal returns from insider purchases lowers the probability of a CEO’s turnover, while an increase in abnormal returns from insider sales increases the likelihood of a CEO’s dismissal. Second, the CEO pay gap negatively affects the probability of CEO turnover for insider purchases, but it does not have a similar effect on insider sales. Third, the interaction between insider abnormal returns and any CEO pay disparity influences the impact of these returns on CEO turnover. Specifically, this interaction diminishes the positive effect of insider selling on the probability of a CEO’s dismissal, offsets the negative effect of insider purchasing on CEO dismissal, and, finally, amplifies the negative impact of CEO pay disparity on the probability of a CEO’s dismissal during periods witnessing insider purchases
Pain catastrophizing, beliefs and perception and their association with profiling characteristics in athletes
Get PDFContext: Variables associated with pain catastrophizing and pain beliefs in athletes presenting with musculoskeletal pain and/or sports related injuries are largely unexplored. We aimed to evaluate which anthropometric, sociodemographic, sporting, injury history and care seeking characteristics were associated with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory (PBAPI) scores in athletes.
Design: Cross-sectional
Methods: 312 athletes (40% females) from different sports and levels completed a questionnaire including demographic information, details regarding sports practice, injury history, healthcare use, PCS and PBAPI. Univariable associations between PCS and PBAPI scores and each variable were assessed using linear regression. Variables with univariable associations where p < 0.05 were entered into multivariable regression models
Results: The final multivariable model including gender, recurrent and persistent pain, a history of a severe atraumatic injury and a history of more than five atraumatic injuries explained 14.9 % of the variance in PBAPI scores. Performing a team sport and a history of more than five atraumatic injuries explained 5.1 % of the variance in PCS scores.
Conclusions: Gender, sporting and injury history characteristics explained only a small portion of the variance in PCS and PBAPI scores, whereas having received healthcare support and the number of appointments did not. Most of the variance was left unexplained
Taste of Memory
No full textThis video is produced for the Taste of Memory exhibition and festival at The London Archives, discovering the collective memories of British Chinese chefs and their coping stories, funded by The British Academy Involve and Engage (2023-2024)
Expected Pass Turnovers (xPT) - a model to analyse turnovers from passing events in football
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to create a novel metric, Expected Pass Turnovers (xPT), that could evaluate possession retention from player passing events in football. Event and positional data were analysed from all 380 matches in the 2020-21 English Premier League season, which encompassed 256,433 passes in the final dataset. A logistic mixed effects model was implemented to attribute the probability of each pass getting turned over. The use of positional data enabled the identification of a) opposition players present in radii surrounding the ball carrier and b) availability of teammates with respect to the ball carrier. The addition of these positional features improved the accuracy (+ 6.1 AUC Score) of the model. xPT serves as a practitioner Key Performance Indicator, as analysts can identify players that lose possession more often or not than expected, given the situational context of each pass, from game to game. Future work may include modelling the turnover probability of dribble and carry actions, as this would lead to a more comprehensive understanding of turnover events in football
Four speculative poems: 'Colony', 'Space Bouncer', 'A Grave Case of Zero Gravity', 'Rehumanising'
No full textThese four sci fi poems (speculative poetry) by A J Dalton appeared in the August 2024 issue of the relaunched Galaxy Science Fiction Magazine (Vol.1, No.1, issue 263)
Urban resilience from agriculture: a case study of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam
Get PDFThis chapter focuses on the potential of urban agriculture to
support progress in SDG targets 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4 in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. The chapter integrates findings from the British Council-funded project, ‘Urban Resilience from Agriculture through Highly Automated Vertical Farming in the UK and Vietnam’, undertaken in collaboration with Middlesex University, Van Lang University, and local agricultural stakeholders in HCMC. Food security in the city faces multiple challenges ranging from significant in-migration, decreasing area of cultivated land, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that continues to depress the economy and disrupt food supply chains, and climate change impacts affecting the environment and people throughout the city. HCMC accommodates a substantial agricultural sector, which is evolving from traditional to modern production practices. City’s leaders established numerous policies that emphasise green, circular economies, climate change resilience, and low carbon emissions fuelling demand for agricultural solutions that integrate traditional and modern technologies that can be embedded in the local topography, soil types, architectural space, and native culture. Findings from greenhouse trials, community awareness surveys, and stakeholder-led workshops point to a range of high-technology-supported agriculture models that, if applied flexibly throughout the varying context of the urban area, have good scope to help Ho Chi Minh City and meet its growing need for food as well as its sustainability aspirations
Development of an ensemble CNN model with explainable AI for the classification of gastrointestinal cancer
Get PDFThe implementation of AI assisted cancer detection systems in clinical environments has faced numerous hurdles, mainly because of the restricted explainability of their elemental mechanisms, even though such detection systems have proven to be highly effective. Medical practitioners are skeptical about adopting AI assisted diagnoses as due to the latter's inability to be transparent about decision making processes. In this respect, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has emerged to provide explanations for model predictions, thereby overcoming the computational black box problem associated with AI systems. In this particular research, the focal point has been the exploration of the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) approaches which enable model prediction explanations. This study used an ensemble model consisting of three convolutional neural networks(CNN): InceptionV3, InceptionResNetV2 and VGG16, which was based on averaging techniques and by combining their respective predictions. These models were trained on the Kvasir dataset, which consists of pathological findings related to gastrointestinal cancer. An accuracy of 96.89% and F1-scores of 96.877% were attained by our ensemble model. Following the training of the ensemble model, we employed SHAP and LIME to analyze images from the three classes, aiming to provide explanations regarding the deterministic features influencing the model's predictions. The results obtained from this analysis demonstrated a positive and encouraging advancement in the exploration of XAI approaches, specifically in the context of gastrointestinal cancer detection within the healthcare domain