National Repository of Grey Literature
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The impact of artificial intelligence on the trustworthiness of news media
No full textThe thesis focuses on the transformation of audience trust towards the media in the context of the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in journalism. The theoretical part maps the concept of trust across different social science approaches. Attention is also paid to the specifics of institutional trust in the media and its development in the Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis presents qualitative research in the form of focus groups across two age categories. The aim was to find out how different audience groups perceive news content generated by artificial intelligence, what their experience with its recognition is and what factors influence their trust. The thematic analysis shows that the key determinants of trust are transparency, human control, the purpose of the AI and the type of content displayed. The results show a general scepticism towards fully automated outputs, but at the same time a higher tolerance for the use of AI in the background of editorial work. The paper makes recommendations for media practice and further research, particularly in the areas of digital literacy, transparent communication about the use of AI, and the ethical anchoring of these technologies in editorial environments
Project of practical activities in the school club
No full text1 ABSTRACT The bachelor's thesis focuses on practical activities and their use in the school after-school club. The theoretical part deals with free time, practical activities in hobby activities, the project method and its use in school after-school clubs. An integral part are the specifics of the school and the pupils who attend the school after-school club where the project was implemented. The practical part describes the method of carrying out the work and presents its results. The aim of the bachelor's thesis will be to design and verify a project for the school after-school club with a focus on practical activities. The project is to introduce pupils to the process of the creation of individual things and the awareness of their value. It is divided into 4 main parts. Each part is dedicated to one material and the crafts associated with it. First theoretically and then practically. Observation and interviews are used to evaluate individual parts and the entire project. I hope that even in the era of various technical conveniences, practical activities can interest pupils of younger school age. KEYWORDS After school club, project method, younger school age, practical activities
Stars at a glance: with high-resolution spectroscopy and long-baseline interferometry
No full textMassive stars are cosmic engines-by exploding as supernovæ, they power galaxies, shape the interstellar medium, and enrich it with heavy elements. Yet, their inner workings remain among the most challenging frontiers in stellar astrophysics. The life of massive stars is critically influenced by multiplicity. Most of them have one or more companions, although a few of them remain single. This raises the question: Could these single stars be the end state of multiple systems? Interferometry is one of the best methods for detecting and characterising multiplicity. The Orion complex is our nearest star-forming region, and thus the most suitable for detailed studies. It hosts a number of massive stars, particularly in the Orion Belt. In this work, we aim to interpret interferometric data in synergy with astrometry, photometry, high-resolution spectroscopy, and spectral-energy distribution of stars in the Orion Belt. On the basis of our successful ESO proposal (ID: 112.25JX, PI A. Oplištilová) for interferometric observations of δ, ε, ζ, σ Ori with the world-class interferometer, the VLTI (the GRAVITY and PIONIER instruments), one can construct well-constrained, complex models of stars in the Orion Belt. After introducing the basics of long-baseline interferometry and presenting an overview of the Orion..
Why Learn a Small Language? Uncovering the Motivations Behind Small Language Learning
No full textTato diplomová práce se zam ě řuje na studium motivace lidí k učení se malým jazykům. Vezmeme-li si jako příklad čínské studenty, kteří se učí češtinu, zaplňuje mezeru ve výzkumu v oblasti motivace k cizímu jazyku, která se soustředí především na b ě žné jazyky. Pokud jde o výzkumné metody, tato práce využívá především smíšený výzkumný přístup. Kombinací kvantitativních a kvalitativních výzkumných metod zkoumá motivaci čínských studentů ke studiu češtiny v teoretickém rámci Gardnerovy teorie motivace druhého jazyka. Kvantitativní výsledky ukazují, že téměř 70 % studentů je motivováno osobním zájmem, tj. vnitřní motivací. Přibližně 30 % studentů je motivováno kariérními faktory. Výsledky kvalitativního výzkumu navíc dále ukazují na složitost motivace k učení se druhému jazyku. Někteří respondenti uvedli, že jejich motivace k učení se v průb ě hu času m ě nila, což ukazuje na integrovanější psychologii motivace k učení. Kromě toho tato práce také zkoumá, zda další faktory, jako jsou genderové a socioekonomické faktory, mají vliv na motivaci učit se malé jazyky. Všechny výsledky však ukazují, že motivace čínských studentů učit se česky nemá s těmito dvěma faktory žádný vztah. V neposlední řadě tato práce také zdůraz ň uje jedinečnost a multidimenzionalitu malých jazyků v současném mezinárodním..
Optimizing multi-agent pathfinding using SAT-based operator in MAPF-LNS algorithm
No full textThis thesis addresses the Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) problem by extending the MAPF- LNS2 framework with a SAT-based destroy-and-repair operator. The operator re-optimizes agent plans in local submaps using a sum-of-costs SAT encoding. We also introduce new neighborhood selection heuristics, including a fully adaptive strategy. Experiments on five maps with up to 400 agents show that SAT-based repair can improve solution quality in structured environments, while adaptive selection helps balance runtime and benefit. The approach maintains the anytime characteristics of MAPF-LNS2 and enhances its ability to improve local subplans
Communication of the spokesman of the President of the Republic Jiří Ovčáček on social networks (twitter and facebook)
No full textThe thesis analyses the communication of Jiří Ovčáček, the spokesperson for the President of the Czech Republic, on the social networking site X (formerly Twitter), focusing specifically on his activity during the presidency of Miloš Zeman. It focuses on the linguistic, discursive and ideological strategies he used to create opposition to the so-called 'Prague café' and define the boundary between 'us' and 'them'. The analysis is based on the concept of the fourth age of political communication, reflecting the transformation of communication in digital spaces where the boundaries between official function, personal presentation and ideological performance are blurred. Methodologically, the work is grounded in critical discourse analysis, employing Teun A. van Dijk's ideological square as an analytical tool to reveal strategies that emphasise a positive image of one's own group and a negative image of the opposition. The analysis is based on a sample of sixteen tweets thematically linked to the term 'Prague café' that received significant media attention. The results demonstrate that Ovčáček employed the term 'Prague café' as an empty concept, enabling the flexible construction of an ideological enemy. His language was highly polarising, ironic and moralising. Discursively framing the opposition as..
The injury prevention in powelifting
No full textTitle: Prevention of sports injuries in powerlifting Objectives: This diploma thesis aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of injury prevention and incidence in powerlifting through a quantitative, non-standardized question- naire survey and comparison with current literature. Specifically, it focuses on identifying the body regions with the highest injury frequency and verifying the assumption that the lower back is most commonly affected; further, it analyzes the context of injury occurrence, with emphasis on comparing training and com- petition situations and determining whether competition injuries are perceived as more severe. The objectives also include assessing to what extent the length of sporting experience is related to both the use of preventive and recovery methods and the frequency and etiology of injuries themselves, testing the hypothesis that insufficient recovery is the most frequently reported cause. Special attention is paid to identifying the most widespread recovery technique among powerlifters and evaluating whether, in practice, reliance on protective equipment prevails over comprehensive professional care. The formulated aims thus reflect seven hypotheses, the verification of which should contribute to the development of individualized preventive and rehabilitation..
