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    Expressing nonbinary gender identities in Czech

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    The thesis examines the expression and self-presentation of non-binary individuals in the Czech language, drawing on Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity with a focus on the interplay between language structure and gender expression. The theoretical part outlines the concept of gender performativity and explores its relevance in the context of the Czech language. It analyses the possibilities of gender-neutral self-presentation and investigates how the grammatical structure of the Czech language influences the expression and performance of non-binary gender identity. It also presents a summary of existing research on non-binary Czech. The empirical part of the thesis is based on semi-structured interviews with three non- binary individuals aged 20-25, each assigned a different gender at birth and are currently employing distinct linguistic strategies to express non-binarity. The aim of the thesis is to analyse specific strategies of expression and self-presentation used by non-binary speakers and to explore how non-binary gender identity is constructed in the Czech language

    The Architecture of Pavel Švancer

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    The presented bachelor's thesis will be dedicated to a not so well know architect Pavel Švancer, who mainly worked in Liberec and the northern district of Bohemia. The introductory chapter will cover the general biographic biographic data of the architect, while the following chapters will attempt to outline the main starting points of his work on the example of several of his realized projects (namely the House of Culture in Semily and Litoměřice or the swimming pool in Liberec). Special attention will be given to the relation between Pavel Švancer and the architects of the more famous Ateliér SIAL. The closing chapter will focus on Švancer's transition towards a private practice in the post revolution studio UNION.ARCH. The citation system and bibliography will adhere to the rules of the Umění periodical. Keywords: Liberec, Stavoprojekt, SIAL, Northern Bohemia, architecture of the 20th centur

    Proxy wars and the efficiency of sponsorships in national strategic aims: the case of Middle East

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    Tato diplomová práce si klade za cíl prozkoumat efektivitu sponzorství ze strany státních aktérů v prostředí konfliktu na Blízkém východě. Nejprve vymezuje, co představuje úspěšný zástupný konflikt, a to na základě tří klíčových dimenzí: věrnosti ve vztahu mezi zástupcem a sponzorem; ekonomické efektivity a věrohodné popiratelnosti v rámci mezinárodního práva. Za tím účelem je využita kombinace teorie principála a agenta a teorie racionální volby. Pomocí kvalitativní a komparativní metody prostřednictvím případových studií jsou dále analyzováni čtyři hlavní aktéři - Írán, Spojené státy americké, Rusko a Saúdská Arábie, a to ve dvou odlišných konfliktních prostředích: Sýrie a Jemen. Z provedené analýzy vyplývá rozdílná míra úspěšnosti jednotlivých aktérů. Írán se jeví jako nejefektivnější sponzor, neboť důsledně naplňuje všechny tři stanovené dimenze. Oproti tomu Spojené státy a Saúdská Arábie narážejí na obtíže spojené s omezenou kontrolou nad svými zástupci a výskytem problémů typických pro vztah principála a agenta. Rusko pak čelí problémům především v oblasti dlouhodobé loajality svých zástupců. Práce dochází k závěru, že zástupné sponzorství může být pro sponzory efektivní strategií, avšak pouze za předpokladu, že jsou současně naplněny tři klíčové podmínky: věrnost ve vztahu se zástupcem,..

    Implementation of Active Learning in Perception Experiments

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    This thesis introduces AsTRiQue, a Python-based framework for applying active machine learning (AL) to two-alternative forced-choice perception experiments in phonetics. The system aims to model participant responses efficiently, reducing the number of required labeled trials without compromising accuracy. Performance was assessed using pre-existing data on adult perception of Czech children's sibilants using virtual agents. Results from experimental simulations indicate that AsTRiQue can meaningfully reduce participant workload while maintaining high predictive performance. Although currently limited to binary classification with logistic regression, the open source nature of the system allows integration of alternative learner models and extension to more complex paradigms. The findings suggest that AL can enable richer, more varied stimulus sets while keeping experiments manageable, offering a promising direction for enhancing efficiency and flexibility in phonetic research. Keywords: phonetics, perception experiment, active learning, machine learnin

    Legal defects of the object of purchase and transfer of liability for the sold object in Roman, German and Austrian law

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    The thesis deals with two fundamental institutes of the contract of sale, namely legal defects of the object of purchase and the transfer of liability for the sold object, in Roman, German and Austrian law. These topics, seemingly technical, are of fundamental importance for a fair distribution of risks between seller and buyer and constitute the core of legal certainty in the implementation of a contract of sale. The aim of this thesis is to map the historical development of these institutes and to show, through a legal-historical comparison, how different legal cultures have dealt with them, what values have shaped them and why they remain relevant today. The first part of the thesis focuses on the legal defects of the object of purchase. In Roman law, the protection of the buyer was first associated with archaic institutes such as actio auctoritatis, and gradually evolved into a complex system involving stiputions and eventually an action of purchase (actio empti), which became a natural part of every contract of sale. German law departed from its Roman foundations: The BGB emphasizes the seller's obligation to transfer title free of legal defects, while the buyer can immediately assert his rights from defective performance. The Austrian ABGB also systematically elaborates on the seller's responsibility..

    Stylistic, stuctural and discursive practices in representing the 2014 crimean crisis in the news discourse (based on the coverage by Russian speaking editorials of Deutche Welle, radio Liberty and RT) LIBERTY, AND RT))

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    Abstrakt. V disertačním projektu byl proveden víceúrovňový rozbor toho, jak ruskojazyčné redakce Deutsche Welle (DW), Rádia Svoboda a RT v roce 2014 zpravodajsky pokrývaly události krymské krize. Na základě teoreticko-metodologických rámců - především hierarchie vlivů, kritické diskurzní analýzy (CDA), korpusově asistovaného studia diskurzu (CADS) a modelu reprezentace sociálních aktérů - je ukázáno, jak jsou provázány ideologická, organizační a redakční rovina mediální produkce. Tato provázanost se projevila ve stylistických, strukturálních a diskurzních strategiích jednotlivých médií. Byly analyzovány organizační a redakční praxe a politiky DW, Rádia Svoboda a RT, které ve zpravodajském diskurzu utvářely konkurující politické reality. Klíčová slova: zpravodajská média; zpravodajský diskurz; redakční politika; ideologie; mediální realita; mediální organizace; mediální gramotnost

    Personalization of Educational Activities in Museums and Galleries Using Artificial Intelligence

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    (in English) This thesis analyzes the use of arti fi cial intelligence (AI) models for creating personalized educational programs in museums and galleries. The theoretical section de fi nes the basic concepts of AI, reviews its application in museum education, addresses ethical questions and privacy aspects, and considers the limitations of its use as well as its dynamic development. The empirical part of this thesis focuses on evaluating the use of arti fi cial intelligence in museum education and draws on questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with experts in museum education in the Czech Republic. It identi fi es their current experiences, needs, and perspectives on implementing personalized educational solutions. The aim of this thesis is to propose recommendations for the use of arti fi cial intelligence in educational practice, outline the potential of personalization in museum programs, and provide opportunities for development for professionals who wish to use innovative technologies to achieve educational goals in cultural institutions

    Language and communication tools used in advertising.

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    This bachelor thesis analyses the linguistic and stylistic strategies used in the written components of digital advertisements published by supermarket brands on social media platforms in Portugal. The research sample consists of thirty advertisements shared on Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok between 2024 and 2025. The aim of the thesis is to identify recurring lexical, morphological, syntactic, and semantic patterns and to describe their role in shaping brand communication in the digital space. The theoretical framework is based on concepts of advertising discourse, digital marketing, and linguistic analysis of written texts. The empirical part applies qualitative content analysis focused on linguistic and stylistic elements. The results show that supermarket advertising texts in the Portuguese online environment prioritize brevity, expressiveness, emotional language, and informal style, frequently using creative wording and occasional foreign language elements. This thesis offers new insights into how supermarket brands in Portugal use language to engage customers and strengthen their brand identity on social medi

    Constructing Turkishness in Cyprus: A Discourse-Theoretical Analysis of the Turkish Cypriot Children's Magazines Published between the 1950s and 1980s

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    Ve dvacátém století zažíval Kypr násilné konfrontace vyvolané etnicky nacionalistickými hnutími dvou hlavních komunit: řeckých Kypřanů a tureckých Kypřanů. Tyto konflikty hluboce ovlivnily životy všech mužů, žen i dětí na ostrově. V tomto kontextu se dětství úzce prolíná s nacionalistickými diskurzy, protože každá znepřátelená strana se snaží přizpůsobit zobrazování dětí svému vlastnímu pojetí Sebe a Druhého. Dětské časopisy tak v tomto kontextu neodrážejí pouze všudypřítomné násilí, ale také hegemonní diskurzy, které konflikt dále prohlubovaly. Tato studie zkoumá diskurzivní konstrukci tureckosti v dětských časopisech tureckých Kypřanů, které byly publikovány mezi lety 1955 a 1988 - v období významných historických zlomů na Kypru. Kromě samotného zkoumání konstrukce tureckosti studie identifikuje klíčové uzlové body, kolem nichž je tato identita artikulována, analyzuje hegemonní diskurzy obsažené v časopisech a sleduje, jak se události v Turecku a na Kypru odrážejí v těchto publikacích. Výzkum vychází z diskurzivní teorie (DT), jak ji formulovali Ernesto Laclau a Chantal Mouffe (1985), podle níž všechny společenské jevy nabývají význam skrze diskurz, chápaný jako "struktura, ve které je význam neustále vyjednáván a konstruován" (Laclau 1988: 254). V tomto rámci je tureckost pojímána jako..

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