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Determining correction factors due to threshold reaction interference in Neutron Activation Analysis
No full textNeutronenactiveringsanalyse (NAA) is een gevoelige, niet-destructieve analysetechniek die gebruikmaakt van neutronenbestraling om elementen in een staal te identificeren. Bij deze techniek treden er soms interferenties op, zoals drempelreacties ten gevolge van de aanwezige snelle neutronen. Dit leidt tot een overschatting van de concentratiebepaling van specifieke elementen waarvoor gecorrigeerd moet worden. Deze masterproef draagt bij tot het bepalen van deze correctiefactoren voor verschillende elementen voor twee bestralingskanalen in de BR1 reactor op het SCK CEN. De werkzame doorsnedes voor deze drempelreacties worden eveneens bepaald.
De aanpak omvat de bestraling van verschillende activatiefolies in twee kanalen van de BR1. De gammaspectra worden gemeten met germanium detectoren en geanalyseerd. De data worden dan verwerkt via een Excel-sjabloon waarin de benodigde berekeningen automatisch worden uitgevoerd met een Python-code. Deze experimentele resultaten worden vergeleken met MCNP-simulaties en met literatuurwaarden van andere onderzoeksreactoren.
Zoals verwacht zijn de correctiefactoren afhankelijk van de reactor en van de bestralingspositie in de reactor. De resultaten van dit onderzoek leveren correctiefactoren op voor een aantal drempelreacties, wat bijdraagt tot nauwkeurigere analyse voor enkele specifieke elementen
Medicatievoorbereiding in de thuiszorg: ervaringen en werkwijzen van thuisverpleegkundigen in een cross-sectionele mixed-methods studie
No full textImplementation of new concise care pathways into a software tool to detect and manage comorbidities in older patients with atrial fibrillation: the Horizon 2020 EHRA-PATHS project
No full textKeywords Atrial fibrillation • Multimorbidity • Software • Care pathways This Rapid Communication is linked to the Original Article 'Development of three-step holistic care pathways to detect and manage comorbidities in patients with atrial fibril-lation: the Horizon 2020 EHRA-PATHS consortium' by R Önder et al., https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjopen/oeaf120 and the Editorial 'The complexity of tackling multimorbidity in Atrial Fibrillation How European projects are reshaping our approach to comorbidities' by G Lip et al., https://doi. org/10.The EHRA-PATHS project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945260
Data resource profile: the Intego-II primary care database
No full textThe Intego project is primarily funded by the Department of Care of the Flemish government. PJKL acknowledges support from the Research council of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (OZR-VUB) via grant number OZR3863BOF. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript
Sequentiality and Simultaneity in R&D Collaboration With Multiple Partner Types: Complexity and Managerial Resource Constraints in R&D Projects
No full textR&D collaborations involving multiple types of partners have the potential to generate impactful innovations but also pose significant coordination challenges. Taking a coordination perspective, this study develops and tests a theoretical framework on the optimal temporal coordination of partner relationships in such collaborations. We argue that the effective coordination of multiple types of collaboration partners in R&D projects requires a balanced approach, combining episodes of simultaneous involvement of all partners with periods of sequential engagement with individual partners. Moreover, we propose that the relative emphasis on simultaneous versus sequential involvement depends on project-specific factors, including the complexity of technology development and the availability of managerial resources. Our analysis of 454 R&D projects undertaken by a major European electronics firm, in collaboration with diverse partner types (science-based partners such as universities and research institutions, versus market-based partners such as suppliers and customers), provides robust empirical support for these hypotheses.A previous version of this paper was a finalist in the Best Paper Awardcompetition of the Strategy Division of the 80th AoM Academy ofManagement Conference. We thank AoM participants, Dries Faems,Keld Laursen, Victor Gilsing and Jason Davies for helpful commentson earlier drafts
Exploring cross-national variations in traffic safety culture: Insights into mobile phone use and shared beliefs across 31 countries
No full textThis study investigates cross-national differences in Traffic Safety Culture (TSC) by examining self-reported mobile phone use while driving across 31 countries. Using data from the third edition of the E-Survey of Road Users' Attitudes (ESRA3), collected in 2023, this research explores how socio-cognitive constructs, including norms, perceived behavioural control (PBC), attitude, and intention, influence drivers' mobile phone use while driving. Linear regression models are applied at both cross-national and national levels to understand the predictive strength of these constructs. Results indicate that socio-cognitive beliefs significantly explain variations in self-reported mobile phone use while driving, accounting for 37-63 % of the observed variance. Norms emerge as the strongest predictor, followed by PBC, attitude, and intention, with substantial differences in effect size across countries. These findings underscore the role of cultural and psychological factors in shaping unsafe driving behaviours, offering insights for tailored interventions that address specific socio-cognitive aspects of high-risk drivers, which can be used to design road safety campaigns or education programs more effectively.The authors would like to thank all 28 ESRA3 partners for supporting and funding the ESRA3 data collection across 39 countries in 2023. Special thanks go to all ESRA3 steering group partners – BASt (Germany), DTU (Denmark), IATSS (Japan), University Gustave Eiffel (France), ITS (Poland), KFV (Austria), NTUA (Greece), PRP (Portugal), SWOV (the Netherlands), and TIRF (Canada) - for their contributions to the development and conduction of the ESRA3 survey, as well as to Vias institute for coordinating the ESRA3 survey and the overall ESRA initiative. ESRA is funded through the contributions of the partner organisations, either from their own resources or from sponsors. Part of the funding for Vias institute, which is coordinating the ESRA initiative, is provided by the Belgian Federal Public Service Mobility & Transport
Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection of urinary inflammatory biomarkers in a Flemish birth cohort
No full textChronic inflammation is a significant contributor to various diseases but its assessment via blood sampling presents challenges, particularly in children. The evaluation of urinary biomarkers, including 3-bromotyrosine (Bty), 3-chlorotyrosine (Cty) and leukotriene E4 (LTE4), offers a non-invasive alternative. This study presents the optimization and validation of a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of Bty, Cty and LTE4 in urine. Under optimized conditions, sample preparation was based on SPE using Oasis MAX cartridges, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Method performance was validated using the ICH 10 guidelines, resulting in satisfactory results for all analytes in terms of recovery, linearity, limits of quantification, precision and accuracy. Recovery rates ranged from 82 % to 97 %, while matrix effects were observed within the range of -11 % to 26 %. Linear range spanned from 0.08 to 20 ng/mL for the three analytes. Application to 332 urine samples from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort (Belgium), comprising of children aged 4-11 years, revealed detection frequencies of 18 % for LTE4, 19 % for Cty and 50 % for Bty. Notably, creatinine-corrected Cty and LTE4 exhibited statistically significant Spearman correlations with established systemic inflammation markers. Specifically, Cty was positively correlated with absolute monocyte count (rho = 0.53, p < 0.05), while LTE4 showed a positive correlation with relative eosinophil levels (rho = 0.46, p < 0.05) and a negative correlation with the relative neutrophil levels (rho = -0.56, p < 0.01). These results highlight the validated method as a valuable tool for investigating distinct inflammatory pathways in epidemiological settings and clinical research.Fatima den Ouden, Adam Cseresznye, Liesa Engelen and Elias Maris acknowledge the Flemish Exposome Project (GISMO 01IB1320, Flexigut project) for their PhD fellowship. Giulia Poma was supported by the Exposome Centre of Excellence of the University of Antwerp (BOF grant, Antigoon database number 41222). Lieselot Y. Hemeryck is supported by the FWO (Research Foundation - Flanders), as senior postdoctoral fellow [1297623 N]. Roger Pero-Gascon is supported by the FWO, as a
junior postdoctoral fellow (12D4423N)
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No full textThe Validity, Reliability and Usability of the Studio Alterazioni Cutanee Stomali (SACS) and Ostomy Skin Tool (OST) Instruments for Classification of Peristomal Skin Disorders A Systematic Review
No full textPURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the published literature to determine the validity, reliability, and usability of the Studio Alterazioni Cutanee Stomali (SACS) and Ostomy Skin Tool (OST) instruments. METHOD: Systematic literature review. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL via EBSCO, Embase, and CENTRAL. The search was limited to studies published after 2005 and written in the English or Dutch languages. Inclusion criteria were adults (18 years or older) with any type of abdominal ostomy created for any medical indication. Elements were selected for inclusion when they examined or described at least one psychometric aspect regarding validity, reliability, or usability of the OST or SACS. FINDINGS & CONCLUSIONS: The search retrieved 3077 records after removing duplicate elements. This systematic review is based on findings from four studies identifying two different psychometric properties. The Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias Checklist and the COSMIN Risk of Bias Tool were used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The modified GRADE-approach was used to evaluate the quality of evidence for outcomes reported in this systematic review. According to the COSMIN criteria, the overall assessment for reliability and content validity was variable or indeterminate. This results in a low quality of evidence regarding the assessment instruments SACS and OST. Based on these findings, we conclude that neither the SACS nor OST have been sufficiently evaluated to fully determine their validity, reliability and usability in the clinical setting. IMPLICATIONS: More research of peristomal skin assessment instruments SACS and OST is needed for further refining and validation before they can be introduced as a "gold standard" in practice among nurses, experts, and clinicians