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Rapport Building in Multiple Interviews of Children:Rapport Building in Multiple Interviews
Get PDFRapport-building is key in child investigative interviews, however, recommendations of how to build rapport differ. Additionally, rapport in more complex situations: when a child is interviewed repeatedly or requires separate rapport building have not been studied. This research examined the UK’s ‘Achieving Best Evidence’ guidelines (Ministry of Justice, 2022) for rapport-building, which recommend conducting a neutral discussion, compared with a control condition and a separate rapport-building session for first interviews on children’s recall and well-being (measured by state anxiety and rapport questionnaires). For second and third interviews, additional full rapport-building sessions were compared to shortened or no rapport-building conditions. No significant differences in children’s (N = 107) recall or well-being were found across rapport-building conditions for all interviews. We conclude that for children who have experienced non-traumatic events, the inclusion of a neutral discussion rapport-building phase may not be any more beneficial for children than conducting a friendly interview
Awesome, but Impractical? Deeper Engagement with the Middle Ages through Commercial Digital Games
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The Future of the Book:Images of Reading in the American Utopian Novel
No full textReview of: Kevin J. Hayes. The Future of the Book: Images of Reading in the American Utopian Novel. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022. E-book, 192 pp. ISBN 9780192670960
Ancient DNA of narrow-headed vole reveal common features of the Late Pleistocene population dynamics in cold-adapted small mammals
No full textThe narrow-headed vole, collared lemming and common vole were the most abundant small mammal species across the Eurasian Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra environment. Previous ancient DNA studies of the collared lemming and common vole have revealed dynamic population histories shaped by climatic fluctuations. To investigate the extent to which species with similar adaptations share common evolutionary histories, we generated a dataset comprised the mitochondrial genomes of 139 ancient and 6 modern narrow-headed voles from several sites across Europe and northwestern Asia covering approximately the last 100 thousand years (kyr). We inferred Bayesian time-aware phylogenies using 11 radiocarbon-dated samples to calibrate the molecular clock. Divergence of the main mtDNA lineages across the three species occurred during marine isotope stages (MIS) 7 and MIS 5, suggesting a common response of species adapted to open habitat during interglacials. We identified several time-structured mtDNA lineages in European narrow-headed vole, suggesting lineage turnover. The timing of some of these turnovers was synchronous across the three species, allowing us to identify the main drivers of the Late Pleistocene dynamics of steppe- and cold-adapted species
Palaeoenvironmental and chronological context of hominin occupations of the Armenian Highlands during MIS 3: Evidence from Ararat-1 cave
No full textArchaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence from the Armenian Highlands and wider southern Caucasus region emphasises the significance of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 3 (c. 57–29 ka) as a crucial period for understanding hominin behaviours amidst environmental fluctuations. Ararat-1 cave, situated in the Ararat Depression, Republic of Armenia, presents potential for resolving emerging key debates regarding hominin land use adaptations during this interval, due to its well-preserved lithic artefacts and faunal assemblages. We present the first results of combined sedimentological, geochronological (luminescence and radiocarbon), archaeological and palaeoecological (macrofauna, microfauna and microcharcoal) study of the Ararat-1 sequence. We demonstrate sediment accumulation occurred between 52 and 35 ka and was caused by a combination of aeolian activity, cave rockfall and water action. Whilst the upper strata of the Ararat-1 sequence experienced post-depositional disturbance due to faunal and anthropogenic processes, the lower strata remain relatively undisturbed. We suggest that during a stable period within MIS 3, Ararat-1 was inhabited by Middle Palaeolithic hominins amidst a mosaic of semi-arid shrub, grassland, and temperate woodland ecosystems. These hominins utilised local and distant toolstone raw materials, indicating their ability to adapt to diverse ecological and elevation gradients. Through comparison of Ararat-1 with other sequences in the region, we highlight the spatial variability of MIS 3 environments and its on hominin land use adaptations. This demonstrates the importance of the Armenian Highlands for understanding regional MP settlement dynamics during a critical period of hominin dispersals and evolution
Sage Research Methods Video: Qualitative and Mixed Methods Using Citizen Focus Groups to Examine Attitudes Towards Emotional AI: Design, Diversity and Ethics
No full textAlexander Laffer, PhD, research fellow, Bangor University, discusses using citizen focus groups to examine attitudes towards emotional AI, including research design, ethical considerations, recruitment, data analysis, challenges faced, and lessons learned
Unearthing Indigenous and Enslaved African Horticultural Knowledge in St Vincent Botanical Garden (1785-1811)
No full textThe St. Vincent Botanical Garden was established in 1765 as the first Botanical Garden in the Caribbean and was intended, by the British colonial authorities, to ensure that military personnel stationed on the island had some form of health care. Over time the Garden developed into a nursery for plants from around the world.Dr Alexander Anderson (1748-1811) was superintendent of the Garden from 1785 until shortly before his death. Anderson travelled widely in the Caribbean and into Guiana, writing accounts of the natural histories of the countries he visited, recording plant species new to Europeans, and recording the medical treatments of the indigenous peoples of St Vincent, and enslaved Africans working on the country’s sugar plantations. Over the years Anderson meticulously documented the plants he grew in the Garden, including, in many instances, their uses.This project was funded by AHRC/NERC's "Hidden Histories of Environmental Science” initiative. It brought together the diverse archival and plant materials that Anderson sent and shared with institutions in London, and it analysed Anderson’s plant lists, written archival records, and dried plant specimens. This led to insights into both the development of the Garden and the sources of Anderson's information about the plants and their uses. Importantly, it highlighted how Indigenous and enslaved Africans' knowledge systems contributed to the development of the Garden, to Anderson’s understanding of plants, and, indirectly therefore, to Western science more generally.The main output of the project was this set of Exhibition boards, collaboratively developed by the team, which have since toured the UK and are now permanently displayed in the St Vincent Botanical Garden. This exhibition was designed as one of the means of sharing the story of the Garden and the people who worked there, alongside some of the insights we gained