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Medieval Everydays:A Creative Microhistory
Get PDFThis article explores the medieval ‘everyday’ through archaeological, microhistorical and creative techniques. Following one day in the lives of a medieval lady of the manor and her family and servants in Faccombe Netherton, Hampshire, in 1198, the article uses excavation, material culture and contemporary texts to find the intersections between the quotidian and the extraordinary. As a result, we see lives of the less well-known in the period and explore the many lived experiences of a manor house. Ultimately the article weaves together the multiplicity of ‘everyday’ experiences and demonstrates the usefulness of embedding creativity and fiction into historical writing
COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in Adults in the United Kingdom: Barriers and Facilitators to Uptake
Get PDFObjective: Immunization is a primary method for addressing COVID-19. Uptake in high-risk groups has been strong, however vaccination hesitancy is more prominent among younger adults. This research sought to identify the factors influencing vaccine uptake in 18–55-year-olds.Method: Study 1, a qualitative survey (n = 80), identified beliefs about COVID vaccines and immunization programs. Study 2 (n = 473) tested whether the factors identified in study 1 predicted intention for self-vaccination and parental intention to vaccinate children. Data on vaccination behaviour was obtained in Study 3 (n = 309).Results: Analysis showed individuals recognized benefits of vaccination as a path to “return to normality” and “protect others” but concerns, such as side-effects to fertility, were apparent and for some, the personal value in vaccination was questioned. Data was interpreted as largely reflective of Health Belief Model constructs. Study 2 supported this interpretation. Specifically, Benefits of, and Barriers to, vaccination predicted intention to vaccinate oneself and their children, across Black, Asian, other minority groups (BAME) and White communities. Additionally, for BAME communities, cues to action positively predicted intention. For vaccine behaviour, benefits of, and Barriers to, vaccination remained relevant in predicting vaccination behaviours, along with susceptivity and severity of COVID (no differences between ethnic communities were found). Willingness to vaccinate children decreases as the age of the child reduced. Conclusions: Addressing vaccine hesitancy is crucial to managing COVID-19. Findings indicate emphasizing specific benefits, such as protecting others, whilst addressing barriers, including side-effect misinformation, is key to driving vaccine uptake.<br/
Family stories; investigating trauma-informed narratives, change behaviours and environments in complex family experiences
Get PDFThis article presents our Family Stories model identifying self-reported change behaviours and environments by families developed from our two-phase research in an inner-city area in the south of England. The research focused on parents whose families had experienced complex issues affecting the behaviour, wellbeing, learning and/or safety of children, and who had received social care support from services that had broadly adopted a trauma-informed approach. We identified parents’ self-reported change behaviours and environments, in the context of the high rate of families relapsing and returning for multiple episodes of support. We also identify key challenges to securing long-term positive change, including the barriers to nurturing a strong and successful parenting identity, in which parents are more able to sustain positive change. Our model identifies four enablers, evident in the self-reported change behaviours narrated by our participants: community, allyship, strategy and mastery
Exploring the Relationship Between IT Development, Poverty and Cybercrime: An Armenia Case Study
Get PDFThis paper explores the relationship between IT development, regional poverty, and cybercrime, through the case of Armenia. Armenia was selected as it is a former Soviet state that has sought to promote the development of its IT sector in recent years, which has occurred within a context of widespread regional poverty. The paper acknowledges the potentially cyber-criminogenic interactions between developed socio-technological and impoverished legitimate economic conditions, that the literature has noted in several high cybercrime nations. It then examines the case of Armenia by exploring potentially cyber-criminogenic conditions there and by constructing an overview of economic cybercrime trends in Armenia since 2010. The paper finds that, despite the promotion of IT development within the context of regional poverty, cybercrime in Armenia remains low. It explores, through a series of expert interviews, characteristics of the IT sector in Armenia that have mitigated against the cyber-criminogenic interactions between these two conditions. Finally, it identifies potentially transferable policy lessons, wider theoretical implications, and avenues of future research that emerge from this case
Communication to Reduce Dependency and Enhance Empowerment Using ‘New’ Media: Evidence from Practice in UK Flood Risk Areas
No full textSharing of risk knowledge for extreme events is taking place against a backdrop of changing societal communication patterns, in which the flow of information is increasingly multi-directional, within and between individuals, wider communities and a variety of authorities using online media. We present qualitative findings from the CASCADE knowledge exchange project and a case study, from a flood risk area, on the role of social networks using such ‘new’ media as engagement tools in building resilience to flooding. The data emerged from a workshop held in 2018, together with a study into changing communication practice in the Thames Valley near Windsor, UK. It was found that engagement is occurring both during events, as an emergency management tool, and between events, often linked to strategic management such as flood defense and related planning. The qualitative findings were analyzed to investigate whether knowledge and information sharing in emergencies may lead to co-operative sharing between emergencies. According to evidence from workshop discussions across the seminars, and empirical evidence from the flood risk zone, social networks formed and/or enhanced using new media can help promote consensus but also have the potential to accentuate distrust and divide managers and the community at risk. Relevant factors were the nature of the risk faced, nature of event-related protection activity, whether extreme weather events were occurring or had occurred in the recent past, and sociocultural aspects such as the degree of general engagement of civil society, linked to location. There is a possibility that new media may thus reinforce existing power structures, including acknowledged paternalistic attitudes by management authorities and pre-conceived ideas from at-risk communities. In terms of the contribution that social media can make toward the goal of social learning for resilience, the specific role of online social media as a communication tool continues to evolve. It was noted from the workshop that there is a potential for producers of information to act also as consumers (the ‘prosumer effect’), but gaining benefit from this trend requires some changes to existing interaction patterns within and between risk management authorities and communities. More investment may be required in forms of engagement that build relationships of trust, using ‘traditional’ (face-to-face) approaches
Captured Interiors:Female Performances in The Last Time I Saw Paris (1954) and The Happy Ending (1969)
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