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Sustainable project management of green spaces, protected and conserved areas:opportunities and challenges
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A New Insight on Tourism-Entrepreneurship Nexus: The Role of Tourism Market Diversification
No full textThis study investigates the causality from Tourism Market Diversification (TMD) to entrepreneurial ecosystem and its sub-indexes (attitudes, abilities, and aspirations), across four sub-groups including high-rank, upper-middle-rank, middle-rank, and low-rank countries over the period 2006–2018. Employing the system-Generalized Method of Moments (sys-GMM) estimator of panel data, the result shows that TMD has a positive causal effect on entrepreneurship and its three sub-indexes at the global level. Using lagged values of TMD for up to three years, we found that TMD consistently has contributed the entrepreneurial activity in all countries. This finding suggests the accumulation of TMD in the past few years has a causality effect on the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the future. Tourists who are coming from diversified destinations would enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the destination countries. This is a seminal study that empirically links and validates tourism market diversification with the entrepreneurial ecosystem.</p
The relative benefits for environmental sustainability of vegan diets for dogs, cats and people
Get PDFEnvironmental impacts of the livestock sector are proportional to consumption levels. To assess the relative consumption of livestock animals within the diets of dogs, cats and people, this study examined their dietary energy needs within the US in 2020, and globally in 2018. Also studied were US pet food ingredients, and environmental sustainability indicators for plant- and animal-based foods consumed globally. Relative consumptions of average livestock animals were: US: dogs – 17.7%, cats – 2.3%, humans – 80.0%; and globally: dogs – 7.7%, cats – 1.2%, humans – 91.1%. Full transition to nutritionally-sound vegan diets would spare from slaughter the following numbers of terrestrial livestock animals annually (billions): US: dogs – 1.7, cats – 0.2, humans – 7.8, and globally: dogs – 6.0, cats – 0.9, humans – 71.3, as well as billions of aquatic animals in all dietary groups. Very large impact reductions were also associated with land and water use, emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), acidifying and eutrophifying gases, and biocide use, in all dietary groups. If implemented globally, nutritionally-sound vegan diets would free up land larger than the following nations: dogs – Saudi Arabia or Mexico, cats – Japan or Germany, humans – Russia – the world’s largest country, combined with India. Such diets would save freshwater volumes greater than all freshwater use in the following nations: dogs – Denmark, cats – Jordan, humans – Cuba. Such diets would reduce GHGs by amounts greater than all GHG emissions from following nations: dogs – South Africa or the UK, cats – Israel or New Zealand, humans – India or the entire EU. The numbers of additional people who could be fed using food energy savings associated with vegan diets exceeded the 2018 human populations of the following nations: dogs – the entire European Union, cats – France or the UK, humans – every single nation or collective region on Earth, as defined by the World Bank. All of these estimates are conservative
Understanding the hospital discharge planning process for medical patients with dementia
Get PDFBackground: Poor hospital discharge processes can result in the readmission of patients and potentially increase the stress levels of carers. Therefore, this study sought to understand the factors related to the discharge planning process for patients with dementia.Methods: The researchers interviewed 32 carers of patients with dementia and 20 hospital staff who worked on medical wards in a United Kingdom (UK) hospital. The semi-structured interviews were analysed thematically using a systems theory (patient–carer–staff relationships, hospital equipment and policies).Results: The findings indicated that the following factors could either have a positive or negative impact on discharge planning: patient (e.g. cognitive capacity), carer (e.g. preconceived ideas about care homes), staff (e.g. communication skills), policy (e.g. procedures such as discharge meetings), equipment (e.g. type of service provider delivering the equipment) and the wider social context (e.g. availability of specialist dementia beds in care homes).Conclusion: It is important for hospital staff to adopt a systems perspective and to integrate the different elements of the hospital system when planning for patients’ discharge
Vets must be strong advocates for animal rights
Get PDFSteven McCulloch, European veterinary specialist in animal welfare science, ethics and law, argues that the veterinary profession must support animal rights, but not the abolition of animal use
