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Veracity is in the eye of the beholder: A lens model examination of consistency and deception.
Get PDFResearch has attempted to explain perceived cues to deception based upon self-report of what participants believe are ‘good’ cues to deception, or self-report of what cues participants say they base their veracity judgements on. However, it is not clear to what extent participants can accurately self-report what influences their decision-making. Using a within-subjects design, 285 participants completed a questionnaire regarding their beliefs about deception before rating a selection of truthful and deceptive statements on a variety of cues. Expert coders also rated the statements for the same cues. Laypeople and expert coders do not conceptualise between-subject consistency in the same way. A lens model showed that whilst perceptions of cues, such as consistency and amount of detail, influence veracity judgements, these perceptions (and overall veracity judgements) are mostly inaccurate. Fundamentally, there seems to be inconsistencies between how deception research examines consistency and how it is understood and used by laypeople
Barbadian Gothic:The Moving Coffins of the Chase Vault in Socio-Cultural Context
Get PDFThe Chase family vault (Oistins, Barbados) is widely known as the setting of a macabre nineteenth-century story of moving coffins. On several occasions between 1812 and 1821, on opening the sealed vault to add a new burial, the neatly stacked coffins were found scattered. This legend has never been examined within its contemporary setting, including the Gothic literary and cultural movement. This article seeks to show that the episode reveals much about the negotiation of power in an island society on the edge of slave rebellion, where the planter class were fearful of the enslaved peoples’ continued practice of the banned spiritual and healing rituals known as Obeah. The article further examines how the story reflects notions of otherness, death, materiality, and memory in early nineteenth-century Barbados, where the ordered Protestant world of the planters clashed with what they perceived as the elemental worldview of the enslaved African and Afro-Barbadian population.</p
“Talk to each other like it’s 1995”: ‘90s nostalgia in the age of media saturation
Get PDFThis short article examines the rise of 90s nostalgia in contemporary media culture
Judging the secret thoughts of all:Functional neuroimaging, ‘brain reading,’ and the theological ethics of privacy
Get PDFOf the many futuristic prospects offered by neuroscience, one of the more controversial is ‘brain reading’: the use of functional neuroimaging to gain information about subjects’ mental states or thoughts. This technology has various possible applications, including ‘neuromarketing’ and lie detection. Would such applications violate subjects’ privacy rights? Conversely, if God knows and judges all our secret thoughts, do Christians have any stake in defending a right to mental privacy? This article argues that God’s knowledge of us is different not only in degree but in kind from the knowledge sought through brain reading. This view of divine knowledge supports a theological account of privacy, richer and broader in scope than standard accounts of privacy rights, which can aid the ethical analysis of the use of brain reading technology for purposes such as marketing and lie detection
The creative self: Do people distinguish creative self-perceptions, efficacy, and personal identity?
Get PDFThere is a growing use of self-report measures of creativity with university students (Snyder, Hammond, Grohman, & Katz-Buonincontro, 2019). Creative self-perceptions, creative self-efficacy, and creative personal identity are common self-report constructs (Karwowski & Kaufman, 2017). The present study sought to determine whether participants differentiate between these constructs in their survey responses and whether there are groups of participants with different patterns of responses. Participants were 826 university students recruited from two campuses: one in the US and one in the UK. Hierarchical cluster analyses were used to determine the patterns of responses to items, and latent class analyses were used to determine whether there are different groups of participants. Results suggest that participants do not differentiate their responses by type of measure, but rather by domain. Results also suggest different groups of participants, with some groups rating themselves similarly across domains, and other groups differentiating by domain
Case study 2: Broadly Engaging with Interaction Between Visitors and Locals: Towards Understanding Tourismphobia and Anti-tourism Movements
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Critical Thinking Performance Increases in Psychology Undergraduates Measured Using a Workplace-Recognized Test
Get PDFBackground: Higher education institutions and universities aim to provide students with a range of transferable skills that enable them to become more thoughtful and effective employees, citizens, and consumers. One of these skills is critical thinking.Objective: The aim of the present research was to examine whether taking a psychology degree is concomitant with students’ increase in critical thinking skills when students are not explicitly taught critical thinking. Method: Study 1 utilized a crosssectional design and Study 2 a longitudinal design. The Watson and Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA, UK) was used to measure critical thinking. Results: For both studies, the overall scores of WGCTA, as well as scores of the subtest of Recognition of Assumptions, were significantly higher for final-year than for first-year students. Conclusion: From the findings, we conclude that the levels of critical thinking by final-year psychology students may be enhanced. Teaching implications: We propose that teaching other aspects of critical thinking such as Evaluation of Arguments and Interpretation, as measured by this test, could be beneficial in further developing psychology students’ overall critical thinking performance