4254 research outputs found
Sort by
Anxiolytic effects of a galacto-oligosaccharides prebiotic in healthy females (18–25 years) with corresponding changes in gut bacterial composition
No full textCurrent research implicates pre- and probiotic supplementation as a potential tool for improving symptomology in physical and mental ailments, which makes it an attractive concept for clinicians and consumers alike. Here we focus on the transitional period of late adolescence and early adulthood during which effective interventions, such as nutritional supplementation to influence the gut microbiota, have the potential to offset health-related costs in later life. We examined multiple indices of mood and well-being in 64 healthy females in a 4-week double blind, placebo controlled galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) prebiotic supplement intervention and obtained stool samples at baseline and follow-up for gut microbiota sequencing and analyses. We report effects of the GOS intervention on self-reported high trait anxiety, attentional bias, and bacterial abundance, suggesting that dietary supplementation with a GOS prebiotic may improve indices of pre-clinical anxiety. Gut microbiota research has captured the imagination of the scientific and lay community alike, yet we are now at a stage where this early enthusiasm will need to be met with rigorous research in humans. Our work makes an important contribution to this effort by combining a psychobiotic intervention in a human sample with comprehensive behavioural and gut microbiota measures.</p
Practical strategies to implement the ESPNIC Nutrition Clinical recommendations into PICU practice
No full textBackground: The European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) published 32 clinical recommendations around supporting nutrition in critically ill children following an extensive review of the literature online in January 2020. The challenge now is to engage with paediatric intensive care unit teams to implement these into their practice.Objective: This practical implementation guide uses a recognised implementation model to guide pediatric intensive care professionals to implement these evidence-based clinical recommendations into clinical practice.Results and conclusions: We use the Pronovost implementation of evidence into practice model to provide a practical framework with associated documents to facilitate PICU healthcare professional's implementation of these clinical recommendations into PICU practice. The paper is structured around the four steps in this model: summarising the evidence, identifying local barriers to implementation, measuring performance and ensuring all patients receive the intervention and useful checklists for implementation and compliance monitoring are provided, in addition to tables outlining key professional roles and responsibilities around nutrition in the paediatric Intensive care Unit
Future‐proof: bunkered data centres and the selling of ultra‐secure cloud storage
No full textAbstractAbandoned after the Cold War, nuclear bunkers around the world have found afterlives as ultra‐secure data storage sites for cloud computing providers. The operators of these bunkered data centres capitalize on the spatial, temporal, and material security affordances of their subterranean fortresses, promoting them as ‘future‐proof’ cloud storage solutions. Taking the concept of ‘future‐proofing’ as its entry‐point, this essay explores how data centre professionals work with the imaginative properties of the bunker to configure data as an object to be securitized. The essay takes the form of an ethnographic tour through a UK‐based data bunker. During this tour, threatening data futures and fragile data materialities are conjured in order to secure the conditions of possibility for the bunkered data centre's commercial continuity. Future‐proofing, it is argued, provides a conceptual opening onto the entangled imperatives of security and marketing that drive the commercial data storage industry
The public discourse and presentation of migrant groups within a museum space
No full textThis chapter will explore the presentation of and contribution by minorities and immigrants to a British port city in the context of a museum exhibition. The Sea City Museum in Southampton explores aspects of the city's social history and it features two major exhibitions: one examines the role of Southampton in the Titanic story with a focus on the ship's crew and their daily life on board and fate, and a second one with the title 'Southampton: Gateway to the World'. The Gateway exhibition is focused on communities for which have Southampton was either a departure point for (further) migration or a point of settlement over the centuries. The exhibits are further subdivided into the themes of settlers, exiles, traders and soldiers and their presence in the city. Large segments are focused on what could be seen as ordinary people or groups that are excluded from the 'official' narrative of the location, such as Jewish transmigrants from Russia or Basque child evacuees during the Spanish Civil War and their legacies. In light of the discussions surrounding immigrants and their contributions to British society in general and within the context of the Brexit debates in specific, this chapter will examine how the various immigrant groups and their heritage are presented to the museum goers, based on the exhibits, the texts and the space. This project builds on some preliminary work (Loester & Puckey 2015; Loester 2016) which examined the linguistic landscapes and the presentation of heritage in Winchester (heritage of place) and Southampton (heritage of location) and issues arising from city spaces and rapid changes they often are subject to. The analysis will focus on the visual and textual representation of the individuals and the groups and how their contributions to Southampton are framed and placed within the physical space of the exhibition. This ranges from, for example, Huguenot lacemakers who are given a space in the main exhibition hall to the 'storyboxes' that are tucked away in a smaller side venue that explore the stories of various Commonwealth communities or refugees from Uganda in the second half of the 20th century. As interactive elements of the exhibitions also invite the visitors and residents to plot their places of origin and thus contribute to adding their stories to that of Southampton, this is an additional landscape feature to be examined in the analysis. The preliminary analysis hints at a superficial engagement with the minority groups, partially supported by the presence of English only in the explanatory texts
Changes in quality of life (QoL) and other patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in living-donor and deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients and those awaiting transplantation in the UK ATTOM programme: a longitudinal cohort questionnaire survey with additional qualitative interviews
Get PDFObjective: To examine quality of life (QoL) and other patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in kidney transplant recipients and those awaiting transplantation. Design: Longitudinal cohort questionnaire surveys and qualitative semi-structured interviews using thematic analysis using a pragmatic approach. Setting: Completion of generic and disease-specific PROMs at two time points, and telephone interviews with participants UK-wide. Participants: 101 incident deceased-donor (DD) and 94 incident living-donor (LD) kidney transplant recipients, together with 165 patients on the waiting list (WL) from 18 UK centres recruited to the Access to Transplantation and Transplant Outcome Measures (ATTOM) programme completed PROMs at recruitment (Nov 2011-March 2013) and one-year follow-up. Forty-one of the 165 WL patients received a DD transplant and 26 a LD transplant during the study period, completing PROMs initially as WL patients, and again one-year post-transplant. A subsample of 10 LD and 10 DD recipients participated in qualitative semi-structured interviews. Results: LD recipients were younger, had more educational qualifications and more often received a transplant before dialysis. Controlling for these and other factors, cross-sectional analyses at 12-months post-transplant suggested better QoL, renal-dependent QoL and treatment satisfaction for LD than DD recipients. WL patients reported worse outcomes compared with both transplant groups. However, longitudinal analyses (controlling for pre-transplant differences) showed that LD and DD recipients reported similarly improved health status and renal- dependent QoL (p<0.01) pre- to post-transplant. WL patients had worsened health status but no change in QoL. Qualitative analyses revealed transplant recipients’ expectations influenced their recovery and satisfaction with transplant. Conclusions: Whilst cross-sectional analyses suggested LD kidney transplantation leads to better QoL and treatment satisfaction, longitudinal assessment showed similar QoL improvements in PROMs for both transplant groups, with better outcomes than for those still wait-listed. Regardless of transplant type, clinicians need to be aware that managing expectations is important for facilitating patients’ adjustment post-transplant
Touching distance:young people’s reflections on hearing testimony from Holocaust survivors
Get PDFThis article explores young people’s experiences of hearing first-hand testimony from a Holocaust survivor during a government-funded educational programme in the UK. The study considers Holocaust Education in the UK and the prevalence of survivor speakers in classrooms. It then presents findings from 14 semi-structured interviews and 44 online surveys exploring young people’s experiences of hearing in-person testimony from a Holocaust survivor. Three themes emerge; that the experience of hearing from a survivor had been concrete, connecting and current for them. The article concludes with a consideration of the study’s implications for educators more widely and concludes by offering ways in which they can better support their students in receiving and carrying survivor testimony in different educational settings
Disaggregating the BAME Degree-Awarding Gap: Understanding and Exploring the 'Asian' Student Experience
Get PDFEarly Medieval Winchester:Communities, Authority and Power in an Urban Space, c.800-c.1200
No full textWinchester’s identity as a royal centre became well established between the ninth and twelfth centuries, closely tied to the significance of the religious communities who lived within and without the city walls. The reach of power of Winchester was felt throughout England and into the Continent through the relationships of the bishops, the power fluctuations of the Norman period, the pursuit of arts and history writing, the reach of the city’s saints, and more. The essays contained in this volume present early medieval Winchester not as a city alone, but a city emmeshed in wider political, social, and cultural movements and, in many cases, providing examples of authority and power that are representative of early medieval England as a whole
Deadly dialogues:The Magherini case and police brutalities in Italy
Get PDFPurpose: This paper looks at police brutalities in Italy. In particular, the discussion focusses on the case of the death of Riccardo Magherini, who was stopped by the Corpo dei Carabinieri (CC), a branch of the Italian Army operating as a police force, on the 3rd of March 2014. The paper focusses on the way the police agents involved in the Magherini trial, both witnesses and defendants, made sense of the case. Their answers to the questions put to them by case lawyers or judges during the first trial in February 2016 will be closely examined. Design/methodology/approach: Discussion of the case will rely on material drawn from court files. The Carabinieris internal reports on the incident and the court transcription of the agents questioning will form the basis for an ethnographic analysis of the case. The author will then use the case analysis as the starting point for a broader discussion on police culture. While ethnography generally consists of direct on-the-ground participant observation Geertz 1992, the author’s methodology of using legal transcripts and reports can nevertheless be considered ethnographical. Findings: Discussion will consider the importance of an ethical element to the internal culture of the Italian police forces which influences their street practice. Italian police have an ethical approach in that they believe their role is to be able separate good from bad and protect society from the bad. Moreover they have operated within a context of impunity which has produced over time a critical threshold according to which specific individuals and groups deemed as dangerous classes are considered outside the realm of normal civilised society and as such can be treated differently in contemporary Italy. Originality/value: The originality of this paper relates to two distinct elements. The first one concerns the context analysed, as the peculiarities of the Italian police are hardly known to the larger international public. The second aspect relates to the specificity of a case. Magherini was not a marginal person, he was an Italian citizen, but he suffered from a brutality that caused his death. The dynamics of this outcome will be closely analysed.</p