Journal of Economic and Social Thought
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King, Fuller and Dworkin on natural law and hard cases
Get PDFAbstract. The debate between natural law and positivist law has been received much attention. Ronald Dworkin exposes the limitation of positivist law through the argument of hard cases. This argument is furthered strengthened when we apply the interpretation of Martin Luther King Jr and the voluntarist natural law tradition, and Lon Fuller’s ‘procedural view’ and the application of the ‘principles of legality’.Keywords. Natural Law, Positivist Law, Hard Cases, Ronald Dworkin, Lon Fuller, Martin Luther King Jr.JEL. B40, K1, K4, K40, L6, M10, P00, P16, Z12, Z18
Green accounting: Developing versus developed economies
Get PDFAbstract. Businesses and corporates have started to formulate strategies to opt for environment-friendly and green operations. The same has also conceived the idea of green accounting that emphasizes taking environmental factors into account of corporate financial consideration and reports. Less to date, have made a comparative review for those progresses of green accounting in the developed versus developing economies, and to offer insights for academics and practitioners. This article offered a compact discussion of this issue and provides suggestions to theory and practices.Keywords. Green accounting, Developing economies, Developed economies.JEL. C23, F62, N17
Revolution: Characteristics, taxonomies and situational causes
Get PDFAbstract. Revolution is an historical process that generates a rapid and radical (social, economic and political) change in society. This conceptual paper shows basic characteristics, taxonomies and situational causes of revolution. Moreover, this study also suggests that acurrent and distinct form of revolution, not included in previous studies, is terrorism. Overall, then, it seems that terrorism has many analogies with some drivers of revolution (e.g., economic, social, political and demographic determinants) and can generate changes in society, similarly to revolutions.Keywords. Social change, Political change, Structural change, Internal war, Rebellion, Insurrection, Coup d’État, Terrorism.JEL. N30, O30, O31, I23
Public sector, information and incentives
Get PDFAbstract. What is true information in today's world? The hunt for information is on, not only in the private sector - market trends and enterprise data ' bur also on the public sector. Information is strongly linked with incentives: leak news and you have an extra rent. This paper tries to model the crucial role of information and it's incentives in government and it started in the public sector.Keywords. Opportunism, Shirking, Pretending, Asymmetrical knowledge, Hobbes, Montesquieu.JEL. B14, B24, B51
The impact of institutional entrepreneurship on value co-creation in long-term care context: A case study
Get PDFAbstract. "Human-centered" is the core logic for long-term care development. Traditional though on value creation focuses on the financial profits generated in the transaction between product/service suppliers and customers. Differently, value co-creation emphasizes on collective creation of effective impacts (economic and social) via the knowledge and experiences exchanges between key stakeholders. Long-term care is a setting that deals both macro-level institutional and micro-level stakeholder behavioral concerns. The latter is embedded in the former; thus, it is critical to systematically discuss the influences of institutional change on the evolutionary value co-creation in long-term care context. The present article tries to search for theoretical essence and elements of value co-creation in long-term care, which is expected to be achieved jointly by service provider (the caring), receiver (the cared), the healthcare organization (e.g., hospitals), the government units, and other parties. Then the influences of institutional entrepreneurship’s changes on these theoretical elements of value co-creation would be discussed. The article sets to offer clearer understanding of what value co-creation is in the long-term care context and how institutional entrepreneurship can alter value co-creation. Implications for research, practices, and health policy were discussed.Keywords. Institutional change, Long-term care, Value co-creation.JEL. B14, B24, B51
Multiple jobs holding and management of lecturers in Cameroonian state universities
Get PDFAbstract. This article is a continuation of our previous works on the determinants of multiple jobs of lecturers in Cameroonian State universities. It lays particular emphasis on human resource management used in these universities. The methodology makes use of the logit analysis on survey data. The results obtained show that contrary to the theoretical and empirical literature, time constraint in the main job does not appear to be an important explanatory factor for the multiple jobs phenomenon. However, gender, the universities’ location, salary earned from secondary jobs and the holding of an administrative position in a university play a major role in explaining the phenomenon. This paper thus presents a certain interest linked to the specificity of these jobs (lack of monitoring, opportunism in behaviors, social pressures related to them) on the one hand, and the coaching of the human resource used on the other. Governmental incentive measures are proposed to limit this dual employment phenomenon which tends to deteriorate the quality of lectures provided.Keywords. Moonlighting, State University, Odds ratios, Logit model, Monitoring and Coaching tools, Cameroon.JEL. J50, J24, J31, J81, C35
Technological Parasitism
Get PDFAbstract. Technological parasitism is a new theory to explain the evolution of technology in society. In this context, this study proposes a model to analyze the interaction between a host technology (system) and a parasitic technology (subsystem) to explain evolutionary pathways of technologies as complex systems. The coefficient of evolutionary growth of the model here indicates the typology of evolution of parasitic technology in relation to host technology: i.e., underdevelopment, growth and development. This approach is illustrated with realistic examples using empirical data of product and process technologies. Overall, then, the theory of technological parasitism can be useful for bringing a new perspective to explain and generalize the evolution of technology and predict which innovations are likely to evolve rapidly in society.Keywords. Measurement of technology, Technometrics, Technological evolution, Technological change, Coevolution, Nature of technology, Host technology, Parasitic technology, Technological parasitism, Technological innovation, Technological forecasting, Technology assessment, Technological progress.JEL. O32, O33
Rationality and capitalist schooling
Get PDFAbstract. In the field of philosophy of mind, the concepts of rational behavior, rational choice theory, and instrumental rationality (the “practical reasoning” version of rationality) are important in trying to make statements and conclusions about human thinking and behavior in general. Rational choice theory is also considered a normative but not a descriptive or positive theory. Much of economic theory is based on the principle that economic agents usually or always behave rationally in maximizing the benefits and/or minimizing the costs of their decisions. Developments in behavioral economics over the last several decades have begun to question this principle with much of the questioning about rationality and rational behavior centering on whether individuals can correctly and adequately assess probabilities and risk/reward. The inability to correctly assess risk/reward limits rational behavior and can yield sub-optimal outcomes for economic agents. This exploratory paper examines the linkages between schooling in a capitalist society and limits on rationality in a monopoly capital economic system.Keywords. Behavioral economics, Capitalist schooling, Monopoly capital, Rationality, Rational choice.JEL. B51, I24
Andrew W. Lo, Adaptive Markets: Financial Evolution at the Speed of Thought
Get PDFAbstract. In 1973, Burton Malkiel published A Random Walk Down Wall Street, unquestionably the best-selling book in financial economics written for the popular press. Prior to its publication, it was common among the general public and financial market practitioners to advocate trading strategies that generated super-normal returns for various asset classes. Malkiel synthesized the prevailing academic research that indicated stock returns followed a random-walk, a statistical process that indicates information and events are random, and it is random information announcements behind stock return variation. Keywords. Financial economics, Adaptive markets, Stock market.JEL. B26, C58, D53, G00, G12
Mapping of multidisciplinary course in innovation designs
Get PDFAbstract. The paper outlines the possible contents for a multidisciplinary course in Innovation Designs that covers topics like intelligent architectural design and its influence on local culture towards modernism while understanding social, economic and corporate reasoning with a nonlinear approach within Pakistani society. The paper aims to influence the creative mind within the participants who can be guided to think out of box ideas to carry out scientific and abstract reasoning needed for complexity solutions for myriad of social, economic, cultural and material innovation.Keywords. Multidisciplinary, Innovation, Innovation designs.JEL. O32, O33