Journal of Economic and Social Thought
Not a member yet
179 research outputs found
Sort by
The Informal Aspects of the Activity of Countries Studied Through Social Accounting and Socio-Demographic Matrices
Get PDFAbstract. Approaches based on Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs) and Socio-Demographic Matrices (SDMs) will be presented as a way of capturing relevant networks of linkages and the corresponding multiplier effects, which can subsequently be used for modelling the activity of the countries to be studied. Emphasis will be placed on the activity of household unincorporated enterprises, also known as informal enterprises. Based on methodological principles derived mainly from the works of Richard Stone, this study will be developed in a matrix format, including, on the one hand, people – represented by a SDM – and, on the other hand, activities, products, factors of production and institutions – represented by a SAM. The exposition will be accompanied by an application to Portugal, in which different scenarios will be briefly presented, involving changes in incomes and expenditures. The macroeconomic effects of these changes will be summarised in the form of changes in the macroeconomic aggregates: Gross Domestic Product, Gross National Income and Disposable Income.Keywords. Social Accounting Matrix; Socio-Demographic Matrices; Informal Economy.JEL. E01; E16; J11
An Introduction to Alternative Methods in Program Impact Evaluation
Get PDFAbstract. During the recent years, researchers as well as policy makers have been increasingly interested in impact evaluation of development programs. A large number of impact evaluations have been developed and applied to measure the impact of programs. Different impact evaluation methods rely on different identification assumptions. This paper presents an overview of several widely-used methods in program impact evaluation. In addition to a randomization-based method, these methods are categorized into: (i) methods assuming “selection on observable” and (ii) methods assuming “selection on unobservable”. The paper discusses each method under identification assumptions and estimation strategy. Identification assumptions are presented in a unified framework of counterfactual and two-equation model.Keywords: Program impact evaluation, treatment effect, counterfactual, potential outcomesJEL classification:C40, H43, J68
A Holistic Approach for Assessing the System of Governance of Agrarian Sustainability
Get PDFAbstract. Despite its importance research on the governance of agrarian sustainability is still at the beginning stage due to the “newness” of the problem, emerging new challenges, fundamental modernization during recent years, “lack” of long-term experiences and relevant data, application of narrow (certain form or management level); one-dimensional, unisectioral, normative, without transaction costs etc. approaches. The goal of this paper is to suggest a modern and practical framework for analyzing and assessing the system of governance of agrarian sustainability. New interdisciplinary New Institutional Economics framework is incorporated and agrarian sustainability property defined, principle mechanisms and modes of governance (institutions, market, private, public, hybrid). of agrarian sustainability classified, and a holistic approach for identifying components and factors, assessing efficiency, and improving the system of governance presented. Suggested framework is to be further discussed and improved while its application requires new type of micro and macro-economic data for agrarian agents’ preferences and behavior, activities and efficiency of farming organizations, effects and impacts on social, community and natural environment, etc.Keywords. Agrarian sustainability, Market, Private, Public governance.JEL. Q01, Q12, Q13, Q15, Q18, Q51, Q56
Raja Junankar, Economics of Immigration: Immigration and the Australian Economy
Get PDFAbstract. The Economics of Immigration: Immigration and the Australian Economy is a compilation of academic articles written by P.N. Junankar and coauthors on the topic of immigration in Australia. From the effects of immigration on Australia’s economy to the Australian labor market environment immigrants encounter, this book addresses important questions regarding immigration that are relevant to any economy.Keywords. Australia, International migration, International economics.JEL. F00, F22, J15
Lessons from Enterprise Reforms in China and Vietnam
Get PDFAbstract. This paper surveys a few key features of SOE reforms in China and Vietnam, focusing particularly on the evolution of ownership structures and on the relative weight of market regulatory mechanisms, and discusses their general implications for socialist development. It tentatively concludes that some broad principles informing and constraining any feasible socialist-oriented economic strategy can indeed be identified. Keywords. Socialism SOEs China Vietnam.JEL. P20, P30, P31 O10, O25
Nomination Commitee Attributes and Firm Performance: Evidence from Finance Companies in Malaysia
Get PDFAbstract. The paper examines the impact of nomination committee attributes on the performance of finance companies in Malaysia. Our panel data is composed of annual data for finance companies listed on the main market of Bursa Malaysia over the period 2004 to 2011. The result indicates that finance expertise of directors’ on nomination committee influences accounting returns positively while membership of executive on nomination committee affects accounting returns negatively. This indicates that the requirement of Bank Negara that nomination committee should be composed of non-executive directors is appropriate and suggests that the regulators should recommend companies to include directors with finance expertise in the nomination committee in future policy formulation.Keywords. Nomination committee, independent directors, finance companies, firm performance.JEL. E62, H54, O40
The Unresolved Mystery of the Great Divergence is Solved
Get PDFAbstract. The so-called great divergence in the income per capita is described in the Unified Growth Theory as the mind-boggling and unresolved mystery about the growth process. This mystery has now been solved: the great divergence never happened. It was created by the manipulation of data. Economic growth in various regions is at different levels of development but it follows similar, non-divergent trajectories. Unified Growth Theory is shown yet again to be incorrect and scientifically unacceptable. It promotes incorrect and even potentially dangerous concepts. The distorted presentation of data supporting the concept of the great divergence shows that economic growth is now developing along moderately-increasing trajectories but mathematical analysis of the same data and even their undistorted presentation shows that these trajectories are now increasing approximately vertically with time. So, while the distorted presentation of data used in the Unified Growth Theory and the spuriously-created great divergence suggest the generally sustainable and secure economic growth, the undistorted presentation of data demonstrates that the growth is unsustainable and insecure. Similar dangerously incorrect concept promoted by the Unified Growth Theory is the repeated doctrine of takeoffs from the hypothetical but non-existent stagnation to growth. They also suggest prosperous and secure future. Such takeoffs never happened but even without them the current economic growth is insecure.Keywords. Economic growth, Unified Growth Theory, Regional economic growth, Great Divergence, Income per capita, Hyperbolic growthJEL. A10, A12, C12, C20, C50, F00, N00, Y80
The Political Economy of Religion and Politics in India
Get PDFAbstract. The paper will examine the dramatic rise of the right-wing Hindu organisations in India, especially since the 1990s. Most prominent among these organisations are RSS, BJP, VHP, Bajang Dal and Shiv Sena. However, they all work together under the philosophy of Hindutva (i.e. Hindu-ness) and are rabidly anti-minority in their stance. They appear to need an ‘enemy’ in the form of a religious minority to unite Hindus and consolidate their support. This study is important because RSS is too politically significant to be ignored. Since the BJP (BhartiyaJanta Party) came to power in May 2014, its ministers and senior party leaders have been coming out in support of Hindutva. Attacks against Muslims have risen sharply. Cultural issues such as cow slaughter and the building of the Ram temple at Ayodhya have been raised again by the RSS as a means of dividing communities and keeping Muslims in a state of constant fear and insecurity. This study argues that the failure of India’s economic development to remove socio-economic constraints leading to slow and uneven development has intensified rivalry between castes and religious communities. Under such conditions, it became possible for extremist Hindu organisations to target people on the basis of religion.Keywords. India, Hindus, Muslims, RSS, BJP, Hindutva, Communalism, and Violence.JEL. N30, N35, N40
International Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences Conference Series Plovdiv
No full textAbstract. Social sciences congresses related to economy, agricultural economy, management and finance subject was organized in Plovdiv which is the second biggest city of Bulgaria, in 12-13 March, 2016. As organized for 2 days and through parallel sessions, congress started with registration and opening speech. After the first presentations and gala dinner, congress ended with second day parallel sessions.Keywords. Economy, Economy & Growth, Finance, Agricultural Economy.JEL. A10, O10, G00, R00