Turkish Economic Review
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Corruption Forms and Heath Care Provision in Douala Metropolis Public Hospitals of Cameroon
No full textAbstract. This study analyzes and highlights the most practised forms of corruption in public hospitals of Douala metropolis in Cameroon, namely corruption with theft and that without theft. The results of our analyzes show a predominance of the form without theft, this regardless of the hospital, and this allowed us to classify hospitals based on the dominant form. It appears that the General and Deido Hospitals are health facilities where corruption without theft is the least and the most practiced respectively, while the Cité des Palmiers and New Bell hospitals are those where corruption with theft is the least and the most practiced. An estimate through odds ratios revealed for instance that the odds would be about 5.46 times higher that the form without theft is not practiced at the General hospital compared to other hospitals, and about 11.11 times that it is practiced at Deido hospital compared to all hospitals.Keywords. Corruption forms, Health system, Odds ratio, Cameroon.JEL. I10, I14, I15
Assessment of Climate Change on Sesame Cultivation in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria
No full textAbstract. The study was conducted to determine the assessment of climate change and ascertain the awareness among sesame farmers in Makurdi local government area of Benue state. A sample of 120 farmers participated in the study. Descriptive statistics and logit regression were used to analyse the data. The results shows that more male farmers (69.2%) within the age range of 21-40 years are involved in the production of sesame when compared to female farmers (30.8%). It was observed that most of the farmers are married (82.5%). The educational level is low among sesame farmers with most of them having only primary education (45%). The result also shows that most of the farmers have farming experience of less than 10years with a farm size of less than 4 hectares. Insect infestation, soil erosion is perceived as reasons for low yield. Sesame farmers have adapted to such changes through the use of improved seed varieties, use of chemicals and mixed cropping. Results also showed that extension agents, educated farmers and relatives were the major sources of information about climate change. It was also revealed that climate has little effect on sesame as the average yield of the crop is 57.5% compared to low yield of 13.3%, also socio-economic characteristics of the farmers do not have any significant effect on the awareness of climate change as only household size and age are statistically significant at 1% and 5% respectively. To improve farmers’ awareness on climate change, the study recommends that there should be improvement in newspaper and radio/television broadcast in other to sustain sesame production in the event of climate change.Keywords. Agriculture, climate change, perception, sesame, sandy loam, Nigeria.JEL. O12, O13, Q18
Bosnia and Herzegovina vs. Her Trading Partner from Southeast Europe
No full textAbstract. It is well known that there is a strong relationship between real depreciation of the real exchange rate and the trade balance. Therefore, in this paper we investigated the presence of the J-curve between Bosnia and Herzegovina and seven leading trading partners in Southeast Europe. In the study we have used time series of disaggregated data from 1999 to 2015 and econometric techniques such as co-integration analysis, vector error correction, Johansen's co-integration test, diagnostic tests and tests of stability. The results have shown that there is a co-integration and the presence of the phenomenon of J-curve in the case of Romania and Bulgaria, while this effect is absent in other countries.Keywords. Trade balance, J-curve, Exchange rate, Cointegration, Elasticity.JEL. F14, F31, F32
The Impact of Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment on CO2 Emissions: The Case of Turkey
No full textAbstract. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth, foreign direct investment and energy consumption in Turkey. To this extent, ARDL bounds testing method to cointegration is being implemented over the period of 1970-2014. The long run estimation results suggest that economic growth and energy consumption have positive impacts on CO2 emissions. However, this research did not find anysignificant relationship between foreign direct investment and CO2 emissions. As a result of these findings, this research reveals some important policy recommendations.Keywords. Carbon dioxide emissions, Foreign direct investment, Economic growth, Energy consumption, ARDL.JEL. F20, O10, Q40, Q50
Economics case study: Harvard Business School pedagogy techniques: From teaching entrepreneurship to influencing business policy through research
No full textAbstract. The case study explains the need for social entrepreneurship while remaining in the premise of mainstream economics. A detailed discussion is carried out on the vulnerabilities of economic policy making that has led to some of the new initiatives at Harvard Business School to promote such pedagogy practices at Business Schools that may eventually influence national and international policy making to the benefit of the society and not only the economies of developed and developing countries. Two brief cases are presented. First one takes evolution of HBS course at a Pakistani university to develop superior pedagogy for student learning towards social entrepreneurship. The other case maps the journey of bilateral relationships between China and Pakistan from Free trade agreement to CPEC as a matter of national policy to evaluate local business risks and potentials. Keywords. Economics case study, Harvard Business School, Business policy through.JEL. A11, A20, A29
Monetary policy transmission: Does the credit channel perform in Cameroon?
Get PDFAbstract. This article evaluates the monetary policy transmission through the credit channel in a macroeconomic GDP targeting approach with evidence in Cameroon. We use a macroeconomic approach based on the time series method. On data from the 1960-2012 period, statistical tests reveal the existence of successive causality between macroeconomic variables of the credit channel, confirming the existence of this channel in Cameroon. The Autoregresive vectors modeling (VAR) analysis then reveals a delay of two years in the GDP reaction from the monetary impulses, and that the credit channel is narrow with a low rate in Cameroon, a central African Developing country. Keywords. Monetary policy, GDP targeting, Credit channel, VAR, Cameroon.JEL. E51, E52, E58, G32
A critical account of intra -and inter- organizational knowledge management: Diversity, relationship making, and paradoxes
Get PDFAbstract. Knowledge and networks (i.e., inter-organizational relationships) are two full conditions for successful intellectual capital management and organizational success. However, when researching related issue that fall into the domain area, people tend to follow more pragmatism and few would spend page space for more critical account of the nature of the issues examined. This article tried to revisit knowledge management in intra- and inter-organizational networked contexts and offer some critical insights that might stimulate more thinking in research and practices. Mainly, this article suggests thoughts on diversity, relationship making, and resolving paradoxical knowledge challenges. Keywords. Organization memory, Knowledge bases, Known memory.JEL. D80, L22, L23
Did we find alternate to GDP to measure national progress? Analysis of Harvard University’s social progress index
Get PDFAbstract. For major part of the preceding century, Economic Measures such as GDP, GNI etc were considered to measure economic as well as social and human progress of a country. However, scholars have raised concerns over the sufficiency of these economic measures. This propelled scholars to develop alternate measures for social improvement and human capability development. Consequently, indices such as Social Progress Imperative (SPI) and Human Development Index (HDI) were developed by renowned authors. However, little work is done to check effect of social progress on susceptibility against human trafficking and modern slavery, and business opportunities in the nation. Further, there is almost no empirical evidence which suggest that SPI is better scale than GDP or HDI in predicating different social measure. Therefore, data of 124 countries regarding SPI, HDI, GDP, Vulnerability to Enslavement, and Distance to Frontier score was collected for Year 2014. Secondary data analysis was performed and Simple Regression analysis was carried out on data for hypothesis testing. As proposed, a positive relationship of SPI and Ease of Doing Business was observed whereas negative relation was found between SPI and Vulnerability of Enslavement. In addition, SPI explain variation in both Vulnerability of Enslavement and Ease of Doing Business better than GDP and HDI, thereby providing evidence of its superior representation of social measures. Keywords. Social progress, Human development, Ease of doing business, Vulnerability to slavery, SPI, HDI.JEL. O15
Efficiency and Volatility of the Stock Market in Bangladesh: A Macroeconometric Analysis
No full textAbstract. This study investigates the weak form efficiency of Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) employing Autocorrelation test, Runs test and Unit Root tests, and the nature of volatility characteristics of stock returns applying GARCH family models in Bangladesh stock market using daily all share price index return data of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) from 02 January 1993 to 27 January 2013. This studyalso examines the semi-strong form of the EMH of DSE based on macroeconomic variable version of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) applying Cointegration tests, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Granger causality tests, and the volatility of the DSE returns in response to the volatility of the macroeconomic variables employing GARCH family models using monthly data from January 2001 to December 2012.In addition, the short run and long run relationships between macroeconomic variables and aggregate stock prices in Bangladesh have also been determined. Employing both nonparametric tests (Runs test and Phillips-Perron test) and parametric tests (Autocorrelation test and Augmented Dickey-fuller test), this study finds that the DSE of Bangladesh is not weak form efficient. Taking the outcome of VAR models into account, it is found that all selected macroeconomic variables do significantly explain the stock prices of the Bangladesh stock market. As a consequence, it may be concluded that the Bangladesh stock market is not efficient in the semi-strong form of EMH. Results of the estimated MA(1)-GARCH(1,1) and MA(1)-EGARCH(1,1) models reveal that stock market returns of Bangladesh exhibit leptokurtosis, volatility clustering and leverage effect. Results of six GARCH-S models indicate that thevolatility of DSE return is significantly influenced by the volatility of macroeconomic variables, such as, exchange rate, broad money supplyandstock returns of India.Keywords. Efficient market hypothesis, Stock prices, Vector error correction model, GARCH family models, Volatility.JEL. C58, E44, F36, G10, G14