Turkish Economic Review
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How does atmospheric circulation affect the diffusion of Covid-19 in polluted cities?
Full text linkAbstract. This paper endeavors to explain how wind speed can affect the diffusion of COVID-19. The statistical analysis, based on data from Italy, suggests that high wind speed can reduce air pollution commingled with viral agents and as a consequence reduce infected individuals of COVID-19; moreover, results reveal that polluted cities with low wind speed have a greater number of infected individuals and total deaths also because of bad air quality. This study suggests the important role of atmospheric pollution and atmospheric circulation in the transmission dynamics of the novel Coronavirus to support appropriate environmental policy to reduce concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere, improving air quality and human health.Keywords. COVID-19, Air pollution, Environmental pollution, Wind speed, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Public health, Air quality, Environmental science.JEL. D81, D91, E71, G01, G41, H11, I18, Z18
Jason E. Taylor, Deconstructing the Monolith: The Microeconomics of the National Industrial Recovery Act
Full text linkAbstract. After two years of languished recovery, additional measures were needed, and within six weeks of early 1933, policy makers armed with modern economic theory developed a plan to restructure the US economy and combat the worsening Great Depression. In Reconstructing the Monolith, Jason Taylor synthesizes his and other scholar’s research to address the National Industrial Recovery Act.Keywords. Microeconomics, Nartional industrial, Monolith.JEL. B21, D00, D20, D40
Non-oil export and economic growth in Nigeria: A disaggregated analysis
Full text linkAbctract. This study examined the role of non-oil exports in the economic growth of Nigeria. It determined how five selected independent variables (non-oil commodities); like vegetables, hides and skins; rubber and plastic export, and textile and textile articles contributed to Nigeria’s GDP (Dependent Variable). Using quarterly times series data from 2010 to 2017, the ARDL result showed that hides and skins; rubber and plastic export, and textile and textile article shave positive but insignificant effect on real GDP which was used as a proxy for economic growth. Secondly, the result also shows that there is bi-directional flow of causality between the real GDP and the non-oil export items. The study, among other things therefore recommends that government should diversify their economy, by taking a deeper look in to de-emphasizing mono-economy system, pay more attention to heterogeneous economy and endeavour to provide intermittently courses, capacity building, training and retraining in industries, and agriculture for professional development. This will catalyse the non-oil sector output to export levels for the betterment of the Nigerian economy.Keywords. Non-oil Export, Economic Growth, Nigeria, Disaggregated Analysis.JEL. O11, E20, Q13, C30
Taxation and strategic reaction: a comparison of Cournot, Stackelberg and collusion
Full text linkAbstract. We study the effect of distortionary taxes on three types of market structure: Cournot duopoly, Stackelberg duopoly, anda monopoly under a collusive agreement between the two rival firms in the industry. We investigate different tax regimes such as a per unit tax, an ad valorem tax and a tax on total revenue. A unit tax rate reduces optimaloutput and profits for firms while market price rises with the imposition of the tax.Interestingly, the optimal tax rate is the same for all three market structures. The ad valorem tax is imposed on the value of the product and is mostly borne by the Stackelberg follower who ends up producing a greater output than what he would produce in the absence of a tax. The ad valorem tax increases firm output and reduces market price. The total revenue decreases output and increases industry price like the unit tax.Keywords. Cournot duopoly, Stackelberg game, optimal tax rate, Lerner index.JEL. D42, D43, H21, L12, L13
Intangible capital: A strategic lever for value creation
Full text linkAbstract. The main objective of this article is to examine the interactions between the different components of intangible capital as well as their effects on the creation of business value. To do this, we start with a review of the literature around the concept of intangible capital, its components, and its direct or indirect impact on companies. Then, an empirical study based on a field survey relating to a sample of fifteen companies located in Tangier allows us to see more clearly the effect of intangible capital on the creation of wealth.Keywords. Intangible capital, Intellectual capital, Goodwill management, Intangible capital evaluation, Valuecreation, The components of intangible capital.JEL. G11, G17, C53, C58
The allocation of time in public administrations subject to bribery in developing countries: The basic model of labour supplu revisited
Full text linkAbstract. The purpose of this article is to revisit the basic model of labour supply taking into account the existence of corruption in public administrations in developing countries. The worker-consumer programme modified by the integration of bribery shows that at equilibrium, the optimal solution leads to a Marginal Rate of Substitution of leisure consumption equal to the real contractual wage rate plus the actual bribe rate. Because of the latter, the reserve wage is no longer an essential determinant for participating in the labour market. Corruption seems to amplify the substitution and income effects.Keywords. Time allocation, Bribery-Marginal rate of consumption, Leisure substitution, Reserve wage, Substitution effect, Income effect.JEL. G11, G17, C53, C58
Determinants of national innovation capacity in developing countries: An empirical survey
Full text linkAbstract. National innovation capacity is seen as the main source of sustainable growth and prosperity of countries. National innovation capacity, being both an economic and political asset, is defined as the potential of a country to produce innovation. At the same time, measuring the capacity of national innovation provides important information about the dynamics of innovation in the field of economics. Also, it is seen that most of the studies on national innovation capacity have focused on developed countries. In this study, it is aimed to make an empirical analysis of the determinants of national innovation capacity in developing countries in comparison with developed countries. For this purpose, variables considered to be determinants of national innovation capacity are classified under three headings as national technological capability and infrastructure factors, external factors, and institutional factors. In most studies in the literature, national innovation capacity is represented only by the number of patents in the empirical analysis. However, in most of these studies, the disadvantages and deficient aspects of representing national innovation capacity only with the number of patents are mentioned and almost no alternative methods have been suggested. Based on the suggestions and methods in empirical studies, the national innovation capacity index is calculated and represented as a new output variable representing the national innovation capacity in the effort to fill the relevant gap in the literature. In the study, data in the period of 1996-2016 are analyzed by the panel data analysis method for 18 developing countries and 31 developed countries. The effects of national technological capabilities and infrastructure factors of national innovation capacity in developing countries are seen to be weak. At the same time, it is seen that external factors have a positive effect on national innovation capacity in these countries and this indicates the dependence on foreign technologies in the development of technological capabilities.Keywords. National Innovation Capacity, National Technological Capability, Developing Countries, Panel Data Analysis.JEL. O32, O33, C23
