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Intelligence, espionage and the Cromwellian Protectorate
No full textHow did Oliver Cromwell’s Protectorate defend itself from its covert enemies, from plots and conspiracies and how did it gain secret political information from other foreign powers? One of the main issues for the Cromwellian regime of the 1650s was its persistent worries over its own security and this meant the gathering of secret intelligence and the use of spies and informers. So, this talk seeks to explore the Cromwellian ‘secret state’ in action and it ask just how the regime went about organising its notorious espionage networks and its covert foreign policy business. It examines how it used spies and informers, and whether the information it gathered by such a means was ever really as valuable as it seemed to believe. Lastly it explores how the reputation of Cromwell and John Thurloe fits into this image of the Cromwellian ‘secret state’
Create Futures Evaluation Report: June 2021
No full textThis independent report has been produced by Claire Levy. Create Studios are a team of digital creators and storytellers who have made productions with purpose through Film, Photography and Animation for over 35 years
Beano: The Art of Breaking the Rules [group exhibition]
No full text"Stupid rules! If I had my way there’d only be one – that there are no rules!"
Minnie the Minx
Do you remember your mum and dad dragging you round boring old museums? Bleugh! Well, prepare for your favourite Beano characters to shake things up as we celebrate their spirit of rebellion with our major new exhibition this autumn.
Step into the pages of the comic and take a trip into Beanotown to explore how this beloved icon of British comics has fired up successive generations to break the rules, while discovering artists who push boundaries in their own original and wonderful ways.
Come face-to-face with the Beano gang - including Dennis and Gnasher, Minnie the Minx, Bananaman and the Bash Street Kids – through original comic artwork and amazing artefacts, plundered from the Beano’s archive.
The exhibition is curated by artist and lifelong Beano fan Andy Holden, who gathers today’s greatest creative rule-breakers, including writers, musicians, painters, sculptors and photographers. Each creative revels in their own spirit of rebellion and contributors include Sarah Lucas, Hardeep Pandhal, Phyllida Barlow, pop star Chris Sievey (otherwise known by his alter-ego Frank Sidebottom), Martin Creed, Heather Phillipson, Ryan Gander, Jann Haworth, Emma Hart, editorial cartoonist Martin Rowson, Rene Matić, Bedwyr Williams and many more. New works include a recording featuring young fiction writer Alex Wheatle, a comic strip from artist Nicola Lane and a neon sculpture from Simeon Barclay
Assessment without levels – tracking progress in key stages 1-3
Get PDFIn 2014 a new National Curriculum for Key stages 1-4 was published, and National Curriculum levels for Key Stages 1-3 were removed. School assessment processes needed updating and guidance on non-statutory assessment was generated by a government commission report. This report concluded that in-school formative assessment, in-school tracking of progress, and statutory assessment are three different things, each with a different purpose. It was made clear that schools were to generate their own internal systems for assessment and tracking, suited to their particular circumstances. Many schools continued to use purchased trackers which were updated to match the new curriculum; others set up their own systems using or adapting the National Curriculum expectations for teaching as assessment criteria. The situation has been further complicated in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, where statutory assessment processes and future plans have been disrupted.
This paper seeks to explore the background to, and sometimes confusion around, the current situation, notes the influence of statutory assessment on school assessment processes for all year groups, ponders the impact of the pandemic, especially with missing test data at the end of Key Stage 2, and concludes with questions to be explored in planned research
Health warning labels and alcohol selection: a randomised controlled experiment in a naturalistic shopping laboratory
Get PDFBackground and aims:-
Health warning labels (HWLs) on tobacco products reduce smoking. There is an absence of evidence concerning the impact of alcohol HWLs on selection or purchasing in naturalistic settings. Using a commercial-standard naturalistic shopping laboratory, this study aimed to estimate the impact on selection of alcoholic drinks of HWLs describing adverse health consequences of excessive alcohol consumption.
Design:-
A between-subjects randomised experiment with three groups was conducted: group 1: image-and-text HWL; group 2: text-only HWL; group 3: no HWL.
Setting:-
A commercial-standard naturalistic shopping laboratory in the United Kingdom.
Participants:-
Adults (n = 399, 55% female) over the age of 18 years, who purchased beer or wine weekly to drink at home.
Interventions:-
Participants were randomised to one of three groups varying in the HWL displayed on the packaging of the alcoholic drinks: (i) image-and-text HWL (n = 135); (ii) text-only HWL (n = 129); (iii) no HWL (n = 135). Participants completed a shopping task, selecting items from a range of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks, and snacks.
Measurement:-
The primary outcome was the proportion of alcoholic drinks selected. Secondary outcomes included HWL ratings on negative emotional arousal and label acceptability.
Findings:-
There was no clear evidence of a difference in the HWL groups for the percentage of drinks selected that were alcoholic compared to no HWL (44%): image-and-text HWL: 46% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82, 1.42); text-only HWL: 41% (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.67, 1.14). Concordant with there being no difference between groups, there was extreme evidence in favour of the null hypothesis (Bayes factor [BF] < 0.01). Negative emotional arousal was higher (P < 0.001) and acceptability lower (P < 0.001) in the image-and-text HWL group, compared to the text-only HWL group.
Conclusions:-
In a naturalistic shopping laboratory, there was no evidence that health warning labels describing the adverse health consequences of excessive alcohol consumption changed selection behaviour
Environmental change in Namibia: land-use impacts and climate change as revealed by repeat photography
Get PDFThis essay draws on repeat landscape photography to explore and juxtapose different cultural and scientific understandings of environmental change and sustainability in west Namibia. Change in the landscape ecology of western and central Namibia over the last 140 years has been investigated using archival landscape photographs located and re-photographed, or ‘matched’, with recent photographs. Each set of matched images for a site provides a powerful visual statement of change and/or stability that can assist with understanding present circumstances at specific places. The chapter shows in a practical way an innovative possibility for documenting and analysing environmental and social change, helping us to contextualise projected and predicted environmental futures, and sometimes offering complexity with regard to modelled climate change projections and scenarios
Determinants of financial literacy and behavioural biases of young adults: the comparison of Bristol, UK and Istanbul
Get PDFFinancial literacy is defined as the combination of financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitude and the ability to use this combination in financial decisions (OECD, 2015). A high level of financial well-being depends on individuals financial literacy level because a high financial literacy level increases the possibility of taking good financial decisions (Lusardi, 2010). However, financial literacy is not the only factor that affects taking accurate financial decisions; at the same time, behavioural biases should be considered. Behavioural biases are systematic errors that keep individuals away from rationality (Shefrin, 2002). The biases might cause unhelpful or even hurtful decisions. Therefore, a high level of behavioural biases negatively affects the financial well-being of individuals (Montier, 2007).
In this research, the relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases among young adults in Bristol, UK and Istanbul, Turkey was examined. A young adult can be defined as an individual within the age range of late teens or early twenties to thirties (Smith, 2018; OECD, 2019). The main aim of the research is to identify whether young adults can be prevented from behavioural biases by increasing their financial literacy. This research contributes to the literature by investigating the relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases of young adults because this relationship has not been investigated adequately and also different target group have been examined in the literature.
In the literature different components have been used in order to measure financial literacy. This research contributes to the literature by identifying the most important components of financial literacy. As a result of the investigation financial knowledge appears to be the most important factor. It also highlights the importance of the application of financial knowledge as another contribution. The critical point is that young adults may not improve their financial well-being unless financial knowledge is used in practices.
Another contribution of this research is to reveal the most common behavioural biases among young adults in Bristol, UK and Istanbul. These biases among young adults in Bristol, UK, are over-optimism, anchoring, categorisation, conservatism while framing, cognitive dissonance, the illusion of knowledge, and cue competition in Istanbul. The relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases was investigated via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and ANOVA analysis. The result of the research reveals that there is a positive relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases. Therefore, a high level of financial literacy does not reduce behavioural biases
Theorising business model innovation: an integrated literature review
No full textThe aim of this article is to theorise the business model innovation (BMI) phenomenon as we explore why and how BMI occurs, specifically to answer the question, What are the mechanisms involved? We evaluate extant research by adapting the context-intervention-mechanism-output framework, and adopting a mechanism-based theory building approach for synthesising our findings. This study makes three contributions: first, we enrich epistemology by adopting a process view as we show that BMI is a series of interdependent mechanisms. Second, we identify six mechanisms unique to the phenomenon. Third, we offer a prescient outlook of BMI change as a metatheory
