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Temporal perspectives understanding the psychology of violent extremism through a temporal lens
No full textWe offer an integration of temporal approaches to the psychology of violent extremism. Focusing on the role of remembering, we draw attention to how memories and perceptions of the past motivate the use of violence in the present. Reminiscing about a glorious past elicits nostalgia, which, in turn, may increase present-day feelings of relative deprivation, collective angst, and threat. Furthermore, remembering historical perpetrators instills threat perceptions and negative intergroup emotions, whereas remembering past victimization elicits moral entitlement, thereby justifying more extreme means. We explore how different imaginings of the future – for the self and community – function as a double-edged sword either fueling or preventing radicalization in the present. Imagining can stimulate utopian or dystopian visions, which, in turn, may encourage mobilization of more extreme means by instilling a sense of legitimacy and hope in terms of utopias and moral obligation and urgency to prevent dystopias. However, imagining can also elicit a realistic, positive future outlook for the self and wider community, functioning as a protective shield against radicalization into violent extremism instead. We conclude by providing primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention recommendations based on our temporal approach aimed at policymakers and key stakeholders and avenues for future research
Empirically assessing corporate adaptation and resilience disclosure using AI
Get PDFThe extent to which firms are adapting and building resilience to environmental change is crucial information for financial institutions, regulators and governments. While corporates’ physical climate risk exposure of their assets to environmental change can be calculated using models, additional information is needed to evaluate their vulnerability to physical climate change, how well they are adapting and broader alignment with societal adaptation and resilience (A&R) goals. This paper empirically evaluates the extent of A&R-related information in current corporate sustainability reports to provide such insights. We build on established sustainability disclosure frameworks and develop an A&R disclosure framework that we combine with the latest advances in large language models to assess S&P 500 company sustainability reports. We prove that corporate A&R disclosure is lacking, particularly around risks, metrics and targets, underlining the need to consider other data sources when assessing firm-level risks and contributions to societal A&R goals
Conflict in the academy: peacebuilding and education professors in dialogue about higher education
No full textHigher education (HE) in the Global North is entrenched in violent systems and practices. This article brings leading Peacebuilding and Education scholars Hilary Cremin (Head of Faculty, University of Cambridge) and Edward J. Brantmeier (Editor, Journal of Peace Education) into dialogue to respond to the question: is a more peaceful academia possible? They argue that more peacebuilding professors are needed because academic institutions are mired in conflict. Hilary and Ed discuss: (1) different forms of structural and cultural violence within academia and (2) how educators can integrate everyday peacebuilding practices into their teaching practice. Facilitated by two early career academics, the article engages intergenerational perspectives and builds on the tradition of dialogic writing in peace education to offer situated insights rooted in the experiences of peacebuilding professorship in practice
Polygyny, western egalitarianism, and the relative status of women in society
No full textIt is commonly believed that women experience lower relative status in polygynous societies, whereas it is mathematically the case that the average woman benefits materially (and the average man suffers reproductively) from the polygynous institution of marriage. In 1999, Kanazawa and Still hypothesized that the apparent negative correlation between polygyny and women's status was spurious and can be explained by “Western egalitarianism,” which simultaneously decreases inequality among men and thereby polygyny (according to the female choice theory of marriage institution) and decreases inequality between the sexes, thereby elevating women's status. However, their hypothesis was never empirically tested. I put Kanazawa and Still's hypothesis to an empirical test. Analyses of three widely varied international measures of gender inequality show that polygyny was not associated with women's relative status in society net of Western egalitarianism. Robustness checks confirm that the results are not unique to a specific measure of Western egalitarianism. The international data leave very little doubt that women experience lower relative status in polygynous societies, not because they are polygynous, but because they are inegalitarian and citizens (both women and men) lack civil liberties
Policy options for solid waste management
Get PDFUrban waste management is both a practical necessity and a visible reflection of city governance. In low- and middle-income cities, uncollected refuse undermines health, productivity, and public confidence. It clogs drainage, fuels flooding, and contributes to respiratory disease through open burning. Solid waste management in developing cities already consumes one-fifth of municipal budgets on average, yet service delivery remains uneven and financially precarious. This toolkit synthesises global evidence and experience to guide policymakers in designing credible, affordable, and politically viable reforms
When informal norms fail: how EU leaders lost their patience with Viktor Orbán
Get PDFEU leaders will consider key issues such as financing Ukraine, future enlargement and the next EU budget at the beginning of 2026. But could Hungary’s Viktor Orbán derail the discussions? Mareike Kleine and Lucas Schramm show that whether the European Council will tolerate obstructive behaviour depends not on EU treaty rules, but on how politically costly it becomes for leaders domestically
How much should the UK worry about cyberattacks?
Get PDFCyberattacks are increasingly being used as a part of warfare, and states, as well as private companies, are increasingly having to invest in cybersecurity. In this interview, Charlotte Kelloway asks Nigel Inkster about the extent to which we should worry about the ability of cyberattacks to seriously damage the UK
How a new measure can tell us about how government agencies are performing
Get PDFIf we are to make government work better for the citizens it serves, then we need to better understand how its agencies are performing. By aggregating organizational performance information, George A. Krause and David E. Lewis have developed a new measure to estimate the overall performance of government agencies and sub-agencies. This information, they write, can help elected officials decide which agencies to target with effort and attention
A troubling nexus: peacebuilding and transitional justice in the context of socioeconomic transformations in Catatumbo, Colombia
No full textInternational practice highlights the need to integrate peacebuilding and transitional justice policies to enhance their effectiveness in transforming war-affected societies. However, there is limited empirical analysis of this integration. This study examines the relationship between transitional justice and peacebuilding in Catatumbo, Colombia, using a qualitative approach. We focus on the linkage between territorially focused development programmes (PDET) and reparative transitional justice interventions (TOAR). We describe institutional, conflictual, political, and structural factors that hinder this relationship and conclude by highlighting how the political economy of each field influences the limited results