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Interrogating consent roundtable
No full textIn this roundtable, different scholars of sexual cultures discuss recent research, each has carried out on issues relating to consent. Acknowledging that consent is a fluid concept that has proven difficult to pin down, each intervention nevertheless finds it has some utility in exploring complex questions of sexual ethics across a variety of case studies. From the gamification of consent in sextech to the incorporation of consent by men into their masculine sexual identities, to two different explorations of consent on Berlin’s queer nightlife scene, and a moving autoethnographic account that complicates common sense connections between sexualized drug use and consent, this roundtable hopes to push current discussions around consent in new directions
Measurement instruments of pain-related avoidance in chronic pain: a systematic review of psychometric properties
No full textAvoiding harmful events is adaptive in the short term but eventually may compromise functioning in daily life. Therefore, assessing pain-related avoidance is important in both pain research and treatment. Despite a variety of available measurement instruments, a systematic analysis of their quality and limitations is lacking. We evaluated the measurement properties of instruments used to assess pain-related avoidance in individuals with chronic pain. A systematic review following COSMIN guidelines was conducted (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020181461), including an electronic search of Cochrane, PsycArticles, PubMed, PubPsych, Scopus, and Web of Science as well as grey literature from inception to January 2024. Eligible studies were English, German, or French publications that explicitly claimed to evaluate one or more psychometric properties of measurement instruments assessing pain-related avoidance in adults with chronic pain. Of 703 screened records, 140 original articles were included, covering 20 self-reported questionnaires, one therapist-reported outcome measure, and one performance-based measure. Based on the current evidence, only the Brazilian Portuguese language version of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory and the Italian version of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory-42 fulfilled criteria to be recommended for use. Although the commonly used Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia were the most extensively studied, the study quality was mixed. The review further highlights extensive research on internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity but reveals a lack of high-quality evidence on measurement error and criterion validity. This work was supported by funding from the Flemish Government (METH/15/011)
Speaking up: social interaction, disclosure and meaning-making by youth born of conflict-related sexual violence in Rwanda
No full textChildren born of wartime rape have long been invisible, ostracized, and silenced. This predicament explains blind spots in transitional justice discussions and practice that have neglected, until recently, both their victimhood and agency. Explanations range from (the lack of) international protective norms, persistent stigma in their local societies and communities, and children's de-agentification owing to them being perceived through their mothers rather than as actors in their own right. Arguably, the inability of these children to articulate their many familial and community challenges has contributed to their exclusion from mainstream discourses and civic participation. Drawing on focus group data with a sample of youth born of conflict-related sexual violence during Rwanda's genocide against the Tutsi, we analyse how their concerns are made visible in an interactional environment of a peer-led focus group. We highlight the role of fellow youth as moderators and treat focus group data as interactional data where meaning is co-created through social interaction. Applying conversation analysis, which focuses on how speakers interact with each other, and thematic analysis, which examines the content thus produced, we reveal how the youth 'speak up' disclosing intimate harms, navigate a sense of groupness and individuality, and find agency in the self
The ABCs of Nazism: the political screening and classification of German prisoners of war in Britain in the aftermath of the Second World War
No full textNearly half a million German prisoners of war were in Britain when the Second World War ended, all of whom were sorted into one of three categories: anti-Nazi, unpolitical, or Nazi, correspondingly known as A, B, C. This article focuses on the screening process that determined in which category an individual belonged. It traces the thinking that informed this process, the logic behind the assessment criteria used, and the impact it had on prisoners. Screening was conceived at a time when support for National Socialism was pathologised and blamed on a German ‘national character’. However, as the article shows, the process of screening POWs did not reflect such notions. Instead it reflected a recognition that Germans had consciously supported the regime for different reasons and to different degrees. Through a quantitative analysis of 400,000 screenings, it is shown that there was no tendency to see all Germans as Nazis, despite wartime rhetoric conflating the two. Instead, the criteria for classifying POWs were increasingly designed to achieve practical policy aims. Screening became a convenient tool through which to organise several policies that affected prisoners—re-education, denazification, labour and repatriation—rendering it a process that fundamentally shaped post-war internment
Thanks to life: a biography of Violeta Parra
No full textThanks to Life: A Biography of Violeta Parra. By Ericka Verba. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2025. Photographs. Map. Figures. Notes. Glossary. Bibliography. Index. xiv, 442 pp. Paper, $34.95
Actions speak louder than words: assessing the democratic accountability of Europe's new industrial policy
Get PDFThis article asks “who controls the controllers” now that the European Commission—long responsible for controlling the conduct of industrial policy in the EU's internal market—increasingly pursues its own industrial policy objectives. We draw on delegation theory to establish why the Commission should be held accountable for its industrial policy‐making and, based on a distinction between procedural and substantive accountability, develop a simple typology of accountability outcomes that helps us distinguish between full accountability, partial accountability, and unaccountability in the realm of industrial policy. To assess empirically whether and how the Commission has been held accountable in its pursuit of industrial policy, we leverage a new dataset that tracks Commission follow‐ups—both in writing and in terms of policy actions—to 432 points raised in own‐initiative reports by the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy between 2019 and 2024. Our analysis suggests that the Commission has been far more responsive in “words” than in “actions”, which carries implications for our understanding of executive‐legislative relations and democratic accountability not only in industrial policy but also in other EU policy domains
Crowd-sourced Chinese genealogies as data for demographic and economic history
Get PDFThis paper evaluates the usefulness of crowd-sourced Chinese genealogical data for quantitative research in demography and economic history. I first examine whether genealogies—despite well-known selection biases—produce demographic patterns consistent with established historical knowledge of China. Comparisons with existing studies show that aggregate population-growth trends and sex ratios over time align reasonably well with established demographic and historical findings, suggesting that genealogies, though selective, capture coherent and interpretable patterns. Building on these plausibility checks, the paper argues that the main value of genealogical data lies in their scalability and temporal depth, particularly as crowd-sourced digitization vastly expands the number of available records. These features make genealogies well suited to analyses that leverage variation across regions and over time, an approach that is central in modern economic history
Faith-based organisations and religious affiliation and their interactions with financial risk protection in health in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Get PDFObjectives Over 80 % of the world's population identifies with a religion, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, little is known about how religious affiliation and beliefs influence health insurance uptake. Faith-based organisations also play a major role in healthcare delivery, yet their contribution to financial risk protection, health insurance uptake, and universal health coverage remains underexplored. Study design We conducted a systematic review of anglophone publications to examine the interaction between religious affiliation, faith-based organisations, and financial risk protection in health in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We systematically reviewed anglophone studies published between 2000 and 2024 that explored the themes of religious affiliation and faith-based organisations and their interaction with health insurance or financial risk protection in Sub-Saharan Africa. We searched Embase, Medline, and Global Health. Quality appraisal used JBI and CASP checklists, and data were narratively synthesised. Results We included 26 studies from seven Sub-Saharan African countries. Key findings are: i) Several studies reported religious affiliation as a predictor of enrolment, though findings were inconsistent across contexts. ii) Religious norms were found to often negatively influence individual insurance uptake. iii) Case studies showed faith-based organisations support enrolment through outreach and financial aid. iv) Few studies assessed their role in insurance fund pooling or purchasing. Conclusions Faith-based organisations are well-positioned to possibly advance universal health coverage by fostering trust in health insurance and providing financial risk protection. However, evidence remains limited. Future research should focus on qualitative insights, fragile settings, and the broader functionalities of health insurance systems to leverage the potential of faith-based organisations in addressing universal health coverage
