107159 research outputs found
Sort by
Stephen versus Stephanie? Does gender matter for peer-to-peer career advice
No full textOccupational segregation is one of the major causes of the gender pay gap. We probe the possibility that individual beliefs regarding gender stereotypes established in childhood contribute to gendered sorting. We consider whether UK students aged 15–16 years recommend that a fictitious peer pursue different college majors and career paths simply because of the peer’s gender. We find strong evidence that this is the case. The within-majors treatment design shows that our respondents are 11 percentage points more likely to recommend corporate law to a male peer. The across-majors design reveals that students presented with a male fictitious peer tend to recommend degrees that have lower shares of females to males
The plat-formalisation fallacy
No full textIt is often assumed that despite contributing towards the ongoing casualisation of work across the global North, in Southern contexts of already-high labour informality the expansion of the global platform economy is conversely helping to formalise people’s work. A process, as it were, of ‘plat-formalisation’. Drawing on original case study material from Uganda’s motorcycle-taxi sector, this article responds to recent calls within the field of critical platform scholarship for more ‘theory from’ the South by carrying out a grounded investigation of the relationship between processes of platformisation and dynamics of in/formalisation. In contrast to prevailing ideas about the formalising properties of digital labour platforms in such settings, it clearly shows that inclusion within the ride-hail platform economy brings moto-taxi riders no closer to formal status in any meaningful way. Despite early collaborative engagement with state actors, Uganda’s ride-hail platforms operate in unilateral, platform-specific ways that undermine prospects for sectoral standardisation, accept zero legal responsibility for the welfare and safety of those labouring/transacting through their apps, and exhibit reluctance to enhance the political legibility of the rider workforce through data-sharing with government. But more than this: by manufacturing what this article terms an ‘aesthetics of formality’, the platformisation of Uganda’s moto-taxis also enables the conduct of commercial activity beneath the surface, culminating in a dynamic that sees the economic value created by (still-)informal workers captured by formal private enterprise. Seen through this particular Southern lens, the conventional logics of plat-formalisation quickly start to come unstuck
The paradox of team conflict revisited: an updated meta-analysis of the team conflict– team performance relationships
No full textThe possibility that team conflict, especially task conflict, might improve team performance has stimulated a large body of empirical research that continues to grow to this day. Nevertheless, 12 years has passed since de Wit et al.’s (2012) comprehensive meta-analysis. To synthesize the even larger body of empirical evidence now available, we provide an updated meta-analysis of the team conflict–team performance relationships by revisiting the population average estimates and their effect size heterogeneity. Given the recent developments in the team conflict literature, we also incorporate status conflict into our synthesis. Moreover, to shed light on the contextual factors that may help explain the heterogeneous team conflict–team performance relationships, we examine a host of moderators pertaining to national culture, team features, and research methods. Our results based on psychometric meta-analysis indicate that all four team conflict dimensions (i.e., task conflict, relationship conflict, process conflict, and status conflict) are negatively related to team performance. Moreover, the relationships of task conflict and relationship conflict with team performance have substantial cross-situation heterogeneity. Examining the contingencies of these heterogeneous relationships, our metaregression analyses reveal that national culture (e.g., individualism), team features (e.g., team performance facet), and methodological factors (e.g., team conflict scale) all play important roles in helping to explain the mixed effects of team conflict on team performance. Based on our quantitative synthesis, we discuss the implications for the next waves of team conflict research
Adaptation in the Plantationocene
No full textPlantation logics have been responsible for devastating transformations of the planet including climate change. While they have shaped the current social and ecological conditions we live with today, they also shape the way we choose to live with those conditions. Among these choices are a set of strategies broadly referred to as climate change adaptation. I describe here how climate change adaptation is shaped by plantation logics through spatially uneven development, dispossession, and racialization. I develop these arguments through an examination of the adaptation regime and its uneven manifestation across the Global South and North. In the end, I turn to an examination of the fundamental limitations of the Plantationocene in capturing contingency, resistance, and alternatives to plantation logics shaping climate change adaptation
Do Ukrainians still prefer self-defense against Russia at any cost?
No full textDo Ukrainians still categorically reject political and territorial concessions to Russia as found by Dill et al. (2024a) in July 2022? Or have their attitudes toward resistance changed given mounting costs and uncertain benefits of self-defense against Russia’s aggression? Between December 2024 and January 2025, we presented the original and a modified conjoint experiment with stronger cost treatments to 2,580 Ukrainian citizens, sampled from largely the same locations as before. We find continued categorical resistance to Russian control. Resistance to accepting political neutrality or conceding territory meanwhile has weakened. Ethnic Ukrainians and less war-affected respondents remain comparatively more willing to resist Russia’s aggression than other respondents. Locations’ exposure to war-related violence is not associated with changes in Ukrainians’ attitudes since 2022. Our findings help us better understand how the attitudes of conflict-affected populations evolve over time and shed light on public support for a potential political settlement in Ukraine
Dead bodies on edge: misfitting graves and awkward repair on the Georgian – Turkish border
Get PDFQuestions of belonging are especially acute for border dwellers, who do not easily fit the exclusivist logics of the nation state. This certainly has been the case for inhabitants of Sarpi ever since their village was cut in two by the border separating the Soviet Union from Turkey. In Soviet Sarpi, villagers had to navigate a state suspicious of their Muslim and ethnic minority Laz identity, and their potential loyalties to the other side. When the border reopened many decades later, these same villagers had come to see themselves as Georgian nationals and were converting to Orthodox Christianity. To capture their tumultuous trajectories of belonging, this article focuses on the village cemetery as a place where villagers’ social identities are both ‘engraved’ and ‘uprooted’. It is a place where older graves had become misfits – reminders of a past that needed to be forgotten – resulting in the refitting and repairing of graves. The material, social, and imaginary dimensions of graves illuminate the textured and fractured nature of collective identification on the state’s edge
Misfits: towards a critical analysis of the in-between
Get PDFThis introductory article introduces the concepts of misfit and misfitting as a relational prism for analysing social life in conditions of uncertainty and indeterminacy. Drawing on ethnographic materials from ‘in-between’ places in a multipolar world, it examines how elements that no longer – or not yet – fit dominant orders generate awkward relations that reverberate across cognitive, affective, spatial, and temporal domains. Engaging critically with anthropological debates on categorization, liminality, affect, and repair, the article argues that the in-between is neither unstructured nor merely transitional, but textured by power, historical afterlives, and anticipations of uncertain futures. Misfit/misfitting, we argue, is not simply about being ‘out of place’, but a quality that can reveal how social and political fabrics are strained, realigned, rejected outright, or restitched. Thus, attending to moments of misfitting allows us to see society as an ongoing patchwork constantly made and remade through rupture and repair
Re-tracing the rise of institutional investor landlords in London and Milan through the lens of state de-risking
Get PDFResearch on housing financialisation in North America and Europe has explored the growing role of institutional investors such as pension funds and sovereign wealth funds as both funders and owners of residential housing. Several investment waves and different entry points have been identified, from opportunistic acquisitions related to early public housing privatisations in Northern Europe, the predatory grabbing of distressed assets in the United States and Europe following the global financial crisis, to the more recent long-term corporate landlordism under ‘financialisation 2.0’. Following recent scholarship on the essential de-risking role of the state in this process, this article compares the rise of institutional investment in different Build-to-Rent sectors of London and Milan to bring new insights on the role of the state in de-risking urban space through ‘mega-event urbanism’. We show how the exceptional state intervention involved in making the London 2012 Olympics and the 2015 Milan Expo worked hand-in-glove with long-term neoliberal path dependencies and the global financial crisis to de-risk institutional investment in local rental markets and boost new asset class formation
Race‐related research in economics
Get PDFIssues of racial justice and economic inequalities between racial and ethnic groups have risen to the top of public debate. Economists' ability to contribute to these debates is based on the body of race‐related research. We study the volume and content of race‐related research in economics. We base our analysis on a corpus of 225,000 economics publications from 1960 to 2020, to which we apply an algorithmic approach to classify race‐related work. Since 1960, less than 2% of economics publications have been race‐related. On content, while over 50% of race‐related publications in the 1970s focused on Black individuals, by the 2010s this had fallen to 20%. There has been a steady decline in the share of race‐related research on discrimination since the 1980s, with a rise in the share of studies on identity. Finally, we apply our algorithm to NBER and CEPR working papers posted over the last four decades, to study an earlier stage of the research process. We document a concentration of race‐related research into a few fields, and its continued absence from many others. We discuss implications of our findings for economists' ability to contribute to debates on race and ethnicity in the economy
The politics of evidence in health system crises: the case of Colombia
Get PDFHealth systems worldwide are in crisis, facing financial sustainability challenges, workforce shortages and shifting demands due to demographic change. Limited or decreasing public resources, aid cuts, population ageing and health workforce shortages affect countries in different but serious ways, leading to a sense of ongoing crisis. This article investigates the politics of health system crisis and its contentious interpretation in Colombia, where this issue is highly politicized. I analyse how proponents and opponents of a major health system reform proposal have mobilized evidence in favour and against the reform bill put forward by the leftist government elected in 2022. This analysis yields that the politics of slow, gradual health system crises is also one of sense-making, in which evidence is assembled within larger and changing narratives about development. Colombia's international status as a recent OECD member, the idea of progress and modernity amid social inequality, and the political legitimacy of state and private actors are all renegotiated through evidence about health system performance and crisis. I draw on in-depth qualitative research conducted in 2024 and 2025. The article invites cross-fertilization between analyses of gradual, ‘slow-burning’ crises and of changing notions of international development