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Artificial intelligence, intellectual property, and human rights: mapping the legal landscape in European health systems
No full textIntellectual property (IP) rights and IP-related rights, such as trade secrets and regulatory exclusivities, play a crucial role in the development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. However, possible interactions may be anticipated when comparing the legal relationships formed by these rights with those established by human rights. This study synthesises 53 laws and treaties illustrating the IP landscape for AI in health systems across Europe and examines their intersections with health-focused human rights. Our analysis reveals that a great variety of datasets, software, hardware, output, AI model architecture, data bases, and graphical user interfaces can be subject to IP protection. Although codified limitations and exceptions on IP and IP-related rights exist, interpretation of their conditions and scope permits for diverse interpretations and is left to the discretion of courts. Comparing these rights to health-focused human rights highlights tensions between promoting innovation and ensuring accessibility, quality, and equity in health systems, as well as between human rights ideals and the protection of European digital sovereignty. As these rights often pursue conflicting objectives and may involve trade-offs, future research should explore new ways to reconcile these objectives and foster solidarity in sharing the risks and benefits among stakeholders
New frontiers in research on industrial decarbonization
No full textResearch is needed to quantify impacts and understand interactions with the broader econom
Recommender systems issue polarization in social networks
Get PDFThis paper explores how personalized recommendation algorithms may inadvertently create echo-chambers, leading to the emergence of political issue polarization in online networks. Using an Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) approach, we conducted two studies, simulating users in three distinct algorithm designs. In Study 1, we found that personalized recommendation algorithms had a small but significant effect on increasing polarization, even among rational Bayesians. In Study 2, we introduced users with novelty-seeking preferences. Contrary to previous literature, our findings suggested interventions targeting personalization bubbles are ineffective, as introducing novelty-seeking preferences had no significant effect on reducing polarization levels. Together, our findings highlight the importance of algorithmic influence in creating online polarization, offer implications for social media network design, and urge caution regarding existing interventions aimed at minimizing polarization
The Meloni method after three years in power
Get PDFGiorgia Meloni has struck a balance between nationalism and pragmatism during her three years as Italian prime minister. Yet as Marina Cino Pagliarello writes, the same traits that have made her effective could soon become liabilities
What makes a good interdisciplinary teacher?
Get PDFInterdisciplinary teachers need four tools and traits in their toolkits to ensure that students are getting the most from these experiences, writes Jillian Terry
Who should control open access, the markets or the commons?
Get PDFIn Publishing Beyond the Market, Samuel A. Moore examines the ills of a marketised system of academic publishing that can justify charging over £9000 for a single paper and outlines how commons-based approaches could be an alternative. Readers will have much to gain from the book’s theorisation and championing of scholar-led publishing, writes Thomas A. Graves
Inside London's temporary accommodation crisis: boroughs face massive £740m deficit
Get PDFLondon’s boroughs are facing a deepening financial crisis driven by the growing cost of temporary accommodation (TA). A new report by LSE London for London Councils warns that the Capital’s local authorities are shouldering an unfunded shortfall of more than £740 million to meet their legal duty to house homeless families, a gap equivalent to 11% of total council tax revenue
How the meaning of revolution has changed over time
Get PDFThe Revolution to Come by Dan Edelstein is a sweeping intellectual history of “revolution,” tracing how the concept evolved from ancient Greece to Leninist Russia. Blending intellectual history with political theory, this impressive and necessary study reveals how and why revolution shifted from a notion of cyclical change to a future-driven ideal, writes Edoardo Vaccari. The Revolution to Come: A History of an Idea from Thucydides to Lenin. Dan Edelstein. Princeton University Press. 2025