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Replication Data for: Accountability in Time: Evolution in Social-Accountability Institutions
No full textHow do social-accountability institutions change over time? While previous research has focused on exogenous changes such as legal reform or leadership replacement, institutions also evolve endogenously through processes of behavioral and compositional change, on the parts of citizen claimants and government officials. These processes can gradually reshape institutions to become more responsive to either expert or non-expert claimants—which we refer to as brokered and grassroots models of accountability. In the context of Mexico’s access-to-information system, we analyze nearly two million information requests and responses filed between 2003 and 2019, using new machine-learning based measures. We find evidence of claimants becoming more sophisticated over time and officials becoming more responsive to these expert claimants, both consistent with a brokered accountability model. Both quantitative and qualitative evidence reveal mechanisms of behavioral and compositional change by citizen claimants and government agents
Replication package for "Global methane action pays for itself at least six times over"
No full textThis replication package provides all files necessary to reproduce the main analytical steps and results in "Global methane action pays for itself at least six times over" by Stoerk, Rising, Shindell, and Dietz. The version of META used for this work can be found at: https://github.com/openmodels/META/releases/tag/META-202
Replication Data and Code for: The geography of economic mobility in 19th Century Canada
No full textThe data and programs replicate tables and figures from "The geography of economic mobility in 19th Century Canada," by Antonie, Inwood, Minns, and Summerfield. Please see the ReadMe file for additional details.(2025-07-15
Code for: Political social-learning: Short-term memory and cycles of polarisation
No full textThis paper investigates the effect of voters' short-term memory on political outcomes by considering politics as a collective learning process. We find that short-term memory may lead to cycles of polarisation and consensus across parties' platforms. Following periods of party consensus, short-term memory implies that there is little variation in voters' data and therefore limited information about the true state of the world. This in turn allows parties to further their own interests and hence polarise by offering different policies. In contrast, periods of polarisation and turnover involve sufficient variation in the data that allows voters to be confident about what the correct policy is, forcing both parties to offer this policy. The code deposited here is a replication package that simulates and processes data to replicate Table 1 in the paper. The table describes long term averages of when society attains the optimal policy and the average length of time that it is in a consensus phase and a polarisation phase
Data and Replication files for The High and Falling Price of Cement in Africa
No full textPrices for several intermediate inputs, including cement, are higher in developing economies---particularly in Africa. Combining recent data from the International Comparison Program with a global directory of cement firms we estimate an industry equilibrium model to distinguish between drivers of international price dispersion: demand, costs, conduct, and entry. Developing economies feature both higher marginal costs and higher markups. African markets are not characterized by less competitive conduct and, if anything, feature lower barriers to entry. The small size of many national markets, however, limits entry and competition and explains most of the higher markups and prices. Policy implications are discussed
Data and Code for Pay Transparency and Gender Equality
No full textSince 2018, UK firms with at least 250 employees have been mandated to publicly disclose gender equality indicators. Exploiting variations in this mandate across firm size and time, we show that pay transparency closes 19 percent of the gender pay gap by reducing men’s wage growth. By combining different sources of data, we also provide suggestive evidence that the public availability of the equality indicators influences employers’ response as worse performing firms and employers potentially more exposed to public scrutiny seem to reduce their gender pay gap the most
Data for The Repeated Adjustment of Measurement Protocols (RAMP) method for developing high-validity text classifiers
No full textThis repository contain the data required to replicate the results of the article titled "The Repeated Adjustment of Measurement Protocols (RAMP) method for developing high-validity text classifiers". This data is used in the Python notebooks found at: https://github.com/alexiamhe93/RAMP_method/tree/main
There are four csv files in the zip folder.
train_test.csv The raw text data as well as manual coding for misunderstandings and the train/test split for both One-shot and RAMP groups.
RAMP_Stage1.csv Contains details of all the manual coding iterations over the inference loop for the RAMP group, including the final shared set used to calculate reported inter-rater reliability. Also includes the manual coding for the One-shot group.
RAMP_Stage2.csv Contains a record of classifier runs (predictive accuracy and adjustments to protocols) for RAMP.
RAMP_Stage3.csv Contains the final classifications of all classifiers on the RAMP test data.
results_OneShot.csv Contains the classification results of all classifiers on the One-shot test data.
The raw text data contained in train_test.csv contains 21,994 sentences coded for misunderstanding. All author names and sentences have been anonymized. This dataset is comprised of:
Reddit data: This data was downloaded through the Reddit API for the purposes of this study.
Twitter Customer Support (Thought Vector & Axelbrooke, 2017): This data was downloaded from: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/thoughtvector/customer-support-on-twitter (Copyright: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
Wikipedia Talk Pages (Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil et al., 2012): This data was downloaded using Cornell University's ConvoKit Python package (see: https://convokit.cornell.edu/documentation/wiki.html) (Copyright: CC BY 4.0)
References: Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, C., Lee, L., Pang, B., & Kleinberg, J. (2012). Echoes of power: Language effects and power differences in social interaction. Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on World Wide Web, 699–708. https://doi.org/10.1145/2187836.2187931
Thought Vector, & Axelbrooke, S. (2017). Customer Support on Twitter (v10). https://kaggle.com/thoughtvector/customer-support-on-twitte
HSD13 Barriers and enablers in health system redesign
No full textObjectives Health systems are under increasing pressure due to ageing populations, rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases, escalating healthcare costs and competition for government funds. These challenges have been further intensified by the COVID pandemic, health workforce shortages and geopolitical instability. This research identifies key barriers and enablers for health system redesign across OECD countries, to better inform policies that effectively facilitate change, prevent the deepening of health inequalities, and put patients at the centre of healthcare and decision making. Methods A mixed-methods approach, combining a scoping literature review with semi-structured interviews informed this research. Interviewees included experts from OECD and other selected countries. We identified examples of health system redesign, plus barriers and enablers across three key areas: service delivery decentralisation and patient-centred care; screening and early treatment; and workforce transformation. Results Over 100 examples of health system redesign were identified from ten interviews and analysis of 200 peer-reviewed articles and reports. Most redesigns occur at the local level, driven by bottom-up processes responding to specific community needs rather than national strategies. Initiatives were typically reactive, triggered by local pressures such as service gaps or access challenges. Over 30 barriers were identified across a range of categories including political, governance and policy; cultural and perceptual; digital and technological. Over 30 distinct enablers were identified including, for example: effective mechanisms for meaningful engagement of communities to develop integrated responses and build trust; shared decision-making, personalised care planning, and behavioural nudges to support self-management; patient navigators to help patients access effective treatment and care; and culturally relevant health literacy campaigns. Conclusions Healthcare redesign is the result of reactive responses to specific challenges. Though barriers and enablers to redesign vary by context, many are universal. Health policies must ensure these are considered while proactively addressing the specific challenges in order to effectively facilitate redesign
Social-mediated Afrobeats culture and identity construction among young Africans in homeland and diasporic space
No full textThis project investigates how young African people across homeland and diasporic contexts construct collective identity through their engagement in and with Afrobeats culture. Taking a multi-sited ethnographic approach, it examines the interconnections between locales in Accra and in London that, extended through a social media ecology, constitute a transnational cultural space. It explores how meanings of shared African identity, generated and/or validated within Afrobeats culture, are produced, circulated, and contested within this space. It relies on participant observation (offline and online) and semi-structured interviews to uncover practices, (re)presentations, and narratives that are mobilised by young Africans toward defining individual and collective modes of being and belonging. Drawing from literature across cultural studies, media & communications, sociology, psychology, migration studies, and cultural geography, the thesis analyses the interrelations of music culture, media, and space. It contributes to a spatial approach to identity, proposing concepts such as everywhereness and collocational homeliness that elucidate extended translocational conceptions of home. The empirical work builds on existing popular and scholarly discourse on how the global popularity of Afrobeats generates moments for affirmation and for cohesion; but, also, for contestation. The work scrutinises the role of music culture in processes of meaning-making and investigates how everyday modes of cultural engagement and popularised self-styling authenticate existing conceptions of Africanness and inform new ones. It also examines the sutures between homeland and diaspora and explores the symbolic boundaries that contour and clarify the meanings of Africanness. The thesis offers context-specific analytical categories for explaining logics of particularity, proposing interventions that support nuanced perspectives vis-à-vis dominant dichotomies in individualist/collectivist, constructivist/essentialist traditions. It reveals layers of conviviality and the expanses of Black joy, while also unravelling contradictory conceptions of race. Through this work, the thesis attempts to untangle the nuanced social and cultural mechanisms shaping the co-constitution of a digitally mediated collective African identity