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Η Ζωφόρος του Παρθενώνα - Προβολή παρουσίασης
No full textΣυνοδευτικό εποπτικό υλικό της Μουσειοσκευής "Η Ζωφόρος του Παρθενώνα" για προβολή στην τάξη
Πάμε στην Ακρόπολη - Προβολή παρουσίασης
No full textΣυνοδευτικό εποπτικό υλικό της Μουσειοσκευής "Πάμε στην Ακρόπολη" για προβολή στην τάξ
SECI-GAN: Semantic and edge completion for dynamic objects removal
No full textImage inpainting aims at synthesizing the missing content of damaged or corrupted images to produce visually realistic restorations; typical applications are in image restoration, automatic scene editing, super-resolution, and dynamic object removal. In this paper, we propose Semantic and Edge Conditioned Inpainting Generative Adversarial Network (SECI-GAN), an architecture that jointly exploits the high-level cues extracted by semantic segmentation and the fine-grained details captured by edge extraction to condition the image inpainting process. SECI-GAN is designed with a particular focus on recovering big regions belonging to the same object (e.g. cars or pedestrians) in the context of dynamic object removal from complex street views. To demonstrate the effectiveness of SECI-GAN, we evaluate our results on the Cityscapes dataset, showing that SECI-GAN is better than competing state-of-the-art models at recovering the structure and the content of the missing parts while producing consistent predictions
Paleoceanographic perturbations and the marine carbonate system during the middle to late Miocene carbonate crash—a critical review
No full textThis study intends to review and assess the middle to late Miocene Carbonate Crash (CC) events in the low to mid latitudes of the Pacific, Indian, Caribbean and Atlantic Oceans as part of the global paleoceanographic reorganisations between 12 and 9 Ma with an emphasis on record preservation and their relation to mass accumulation rates (MAR). In the Eastern Pacific the accumulation changes in carbonate and opal probably reflect an El-Niño-like state of low productivity, which marks the beginning of the CC-event (11.5 Ma), followed by decreased preservation and influx of corrosive bottom waters (10.3 to 10.1 Ma). At the same time in the Atlantic, carbonate preservation considerably increases, suggesting basin-to-basin fractionation. The low-latitude Indian Ocean, the Pacific and the Caribbean are all characterised by a similar timing of preservation increase starting at ~9.6–9.4 Ma, while their MARs show drastic changes with different timing of events. The Atlantic preservation pattern shows an increase as early as 11.5 Ma and becomes even better after 10.1 Ma. The shallow Indian Ocean (Mascarene plateau) is characterised by low carbonate accumulation throughout and increasing preservation after 9.4 Ma. At the same time, the preservation in the Atlantic, including the Caribbean, is increasing due to enhanced North Atlantic deep-water formation, leading to the increase in carbonate accumulation at 10 Ma. Moreover, the shoaling of the Central American Isthmus might have helped to enhance Caribbean preservation after 9.4 Ma. Lower nannoplankton productivity in the Atlantic should have additionally contributed to low mass accumulation rates during the late CC-interval. Overall, it can be inferred that these carbonate minima events during the Miocene may be the result of decreased surface ocean productivity and oceanographically driven increased seafloor dissolution
Response-based outcome predictions and confidence regulate feedback processing and learning
No full textInfluential theories emphasize the importance of predictions in learning: we learn from feedback to the extent that it is surprising, and thus conveys new information. Here we explore the hypothesis that surprise depends not only on comparing current events to past experience, but also on online evaluation of performance via internal monitoring. Specifically, we propose that people leverage insights from response-based performance monitoring – outcome predictions and confidence – to control learning from feedback. In line with predictions from a Bayesian inference model, we find that people who are better at calibrating their confidence to the precision of their outcome predictions learn more quickly. Further in line with our proposal, EEG signatures of feedback processing are sensitive to the accuracy of, and confidence in, post-response outcome predictions. Taken together, our results suggest that online predictions and confidence serve to calibrate neural error signals to improve the efficiency of learning
Semi-circular sweep voltammetry. Bio-analytical applications
No full textA novel voltammetric method applying a semi-circular potential sweep is applied to the simultaneous electroanalytical determination of solutions containing two components with similar oxidation potentials which precludes their resolution using conventional voltammetric methods including linear sweep, square wave and pulse voltammetries. Three such biologically important mixtures, ascorbic acid/acetaminophen, glucose/ethanol and hydroquinone/catechol were studied, analytical methods developed and the method of semi-circular sweep voltammetry shown to give notable advantages over the other conventional analytical voltammetries in terms of signal resolution and the sensitivity of the detection. Favourable accuracy was obtained using electrodes with either simple or no modification in the established linear detection ranges
Neurophysiological features of primary lateral sclerosis
No full textPrimary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a motor neuron disease characterized by spinobulbar spasticity, absence of progressive lower motor neuron (LMN) dysfunction and marked by a slow functional decline. Electromyography is essential to exclude significant LMN involvement, particularly in the context of distinguishing PLS from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), given that the prognosis is substantially better, and respiratory complications are unusual, in PLS. Nevertheless, minor neurogenic changes and occasional fasciculation potentials can be observed in PLS. The most useful technique for the objective assessment of upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which in PLS is characterized by a high cortical threshold and delayed central conduction times. TMS is sensitive to identify cortical dysfunction in PLS and might have potential for monitoring UMN function in longitudinal studies and in clinical trials. The findings of TMS need to be interpreted in the context of the clinical presentation and phenotype, particularly in the differentiation between PLS and ALS. While other neurophysiological techniques have been investigated, studies to date have tended to involve small patient cohorts and as such, their value in distinguishing PLS from ALS remains unclear
Iron-deficiency anemia results in transcriptional and metabolic remodeling in the heart toward a glycolytic phenotype
No full textIron deficiency is the most prevalent micronutrient disorder globally. When severe, iron deficiency leads to anemia, which can be deleterious to cardiac function. Given the central role of iron and oxygen in cardiac biology, multiple pathways are expected to be altered in iron-deficiency anemia, and identifying these requires an unbiased approach. To investigate these changes, gene expression and metabolism were studied in mice weaned onto an iron-deficient diet for 6 weeks. Whole-exome transcriptomics (RNAseq) identified over 1,500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 22% were upregulated and 78% were downregulated in the iron-deficient group, relative to control animals on an iron-adjusted diet. The major biological pathways affected were oxidative phosphorylation and pyruvate metabolism, as well as cardiac contraction and responses related to environmental stress. Cardiac metabolism was studied functionally using in vitro and in vivo methodologies. Spectrometric measurement of the activity of the four electron transport chain complexes in total cardiac lysates showed that the activities of Complexes I and IV were reduced in the hearts of iron-deficient animals. Pyruvate metabolism was assessed in vivo using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of hyperpolarized pyruvate. Hearts from iron-deficient and anemic animals showed significantly decreased flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase and increased lactic acid production, consistent with tissue hypoxia and induction of genes coding for glycolytic enzymes and H+-monocarboxylate transport-4. Our results show that iron-deficiency anemia results in a metabolic remodeling toward a glycolytic, lactic acid-producing phenotype, a hallmark of hypoxia