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Enhancing Tree Performance Through Species Mixing:Review of a Quarter-Century of TreeDivNet Experiments Reveals Research Gaps and Practical Insights
Get PDFDecomposing drivers in avian insectivory:Large-scale effects of climate, habitat and bird diversity
Get PDFThe dimorphic diaspore model Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae):Distinct molecular and morphological control of responses to parental and germination temperatures
Get PDFPlants in habitats with unpredictable conditions are often characterized by diversifying their bet-hedging strategies that ensure fitness over a wider range of variable environmental factors. A striking example is the diaspore (seed and fruit) heteromorphism that evolved to maximize species survival in Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) in which external and endogenous triggers allow the production of two distinct diaspores on the same plant. Using this dimorphic diaspore model, we identified contrasting molecular, biophysical, and ecophysiological mechanisms in the germination responses to different temperatures of the mucilaginous seeds (M+ seed morphs), the dispersed indehiscent fruits (IND fruit morphs), and the bare non-mucilaginous M- seeds obtained by pericarp (fruit coat) removal from IND fruits. Large-scale comparative transcriptome and hormone analyses of M+ seeds, IND fruits, and M- seeds provided comprehensive datasets for their distinct thermal responses. Morph-specific differences in co-expressed gene modules in seeds, as well as seed and pericarp hormone contents identified a role of the IND pericarp in imposing coat dormancy by generating hypoxia affecting ABA sensitivity. This involved expression of morph-specific transcription factors, hypoxia response and cell wall-remodeling genes, as well as altered abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism, transport, and signaling. Parental temperature affected ABA contents and ABA-related gene expression and altered IND pericarp biomechanical properties. Elucidating the molecular framework underlying the diaspore heteromorphism can provide insight into developmental responses to globally changing temperatures
Uneven Worlds, New Minoritisations, Intersectional Privilege:Questioning different kinds of 'Global' in Musical Transmission Processes
Get PDFThis essay considers diverse applications of the term ‘global’ in higher education music pedagogies across unevenly calibrated playing fields in different classrooms beyond geo-cultural territories, and different geo-cultural voices within the same classroom. Particularly, I question motivations for self-cultivation and as-sumptions about cultural canons, as well as musical and educational doxa, from the perspectives of trans-national East and Southeast Asian participants. Often, their encounters of an idealised ‘Global North’, ‘Global West’ or even ‘New Global Self’ can lead to surprising articulations and expectations superficially parsed as ‘politically conservative’ – due to both insufficient/uneven decolonisation and the presence of post-critical, post-decolonial pragmatics. In trying to find a common ground for meaningful conversations between parties whose education journeys have been wildly different and unequally made, I push for grounded and co-curated learnings via intersubjective interrogations of how diverse lived experiences, structural privileges and conscious investment in one’s own personal development can lead to the same shared musical moment in the classroom. I look for collective and care-sensitive extrapolations from these shared moments into broader insights on deconstructing systemic difference, commonality and intersec-tionality in empathetic and community-centred ways
Intergroup cooperation in the United States and Japan:Revisiting Yuki's (2003) theory on the cultural difference in the conceptualization of group boundaries
Get PDFIntraoperative spectroscopic evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer surgery
Get PDFBackground: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a standard procedure for patients with breast cancer. Positive SLNs on histological examination can lead to a second surgery for axillary lymph node clearance (ALNC). Here we report a non-destructive technique based on autofluorescence (AF) imaging and Raman spectroscopy for intra-operative assessment of SLNs excised in breast cancer surgery.Methods: A microscope integrating AF imaging and Raman spectroscopy modules was built to allow scanning of lymph node biopsy samples. AF imaging was utilised to determine optimal sampling locations for Raman spectroscopy measurements, such that scanning was completed within 20-30 minutes. After optimisation of the AF image analysis and training of classification models based on data from 85 samples, the AF-Raman technique was tested on an independent set of 81lymph nodes. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using post-operative histology as a standard of reference.Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the AF-Raman analysis for bisected lymph nodes was 0.93. For a regime that maximised specificity (reduced risk of false positive detections), a 97% specificity and a 80% sensitivity was achieved. The main confounders for metastasis were areas rich in histiocytes, for which only few Raman spectra had been included in the training dataset.Conclusions: This preliminary study indicates that with further development and extension of the training dataset (inclusion of Raman spectra of histiocytes), the AF-Raman is a promising technique for intra-operative assessment of SLNs. Intra-operative detection of metastatic SLNs could greatly reduce additional surgery for axillary clearance
A coarse Tutte polynomial for hypermaps
Get PDFWe give an analogue of the Tutte polynomial for hypermaps. This polynomial can be defined as either a sum over subhypermaps, or recursively through deletion-contraction relations where the base case consists of isolated vertices. Our Tutte polynomial extends the classical Tutte polynomial of a graph as well as the Tutte polynomial of an embedded graph (i.e., the ribbon graph polynomial). We examine relations between our polynomial and other hypermap polynomials. We give hypermap duality and partial duality identities for our polynomial, as well as some evaluations
Development of a non-invasive beam profile monitor based on hadronic beam-gas interactions for the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider
Get PDFRe-shaping the Imagined Community:Postal Maps and the Making of National Space for Modern China
Get PDF大清郵政局在1896 年成立，隔年正式掛牌運作。在1903 年，一幅名為《大清郵政公署備用輿圖 (China–Postal Working Map）被印製作為內部參考資料。因為這中間受到庚子拳亂的影響，郵政的拓展受到阻礙，所以從這份地圖上看到郵政據點稀疏, 大多集中在沿海地區和主要城市。下一份單張的全中國郵政地圖是在1913 年發行。這時候的中國已經改幟換代，成為以袁世凱為首的中華民國。從這張全國郵政地圖來看，郵政路線和據點有非常明顯的擴張，也與鐵路緊密結合。分省的郵政輿圖也在1907年和1919 年出版。1919 年的中華郵政輿圖（Postal Atlas of China）甚至公開對外銷售。各個郵區陸續出版的單張郵政地圖也可以讓民眾購買。在中國彌漫著收回主權和廢除不平等條約的氛圍下，郵政地圖享有權威的話語權。郵政地圖所勾勒出來的對國家的想像，在民國時期的國族論述的建構上扮演一個非常重要的角色。對於市民或政府，郵政地圖不但是一種知識的代表也是現代國家想像共同體的延伸。以一條從甘肅丹噶爾（湟源）到青海玉樹的新郵路的擴展為例，可以看出開闢郵路的不易以及從地圖上對國家社群的想像。但在1934 年郵政地圖的權威因為一幅雲南的郵政圖而受到挑戰。常年由郵局體制裡面的外籍人員所負責的地圖製作，因此被南京政府的參謀本部陸地測量總局和內政部監督核准。自此正式宣布地圖製作的話語權被納入南京政府
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