17837 research outputs found
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Navigating Credibility and Approachability in Conflict Zones:Insights from Fieldwork in Nigerian Communities Facing Eco-violence
Get PDFThis article contributes to the literature by proposing an expanded “framework for credibility and approachability,” extending the framework’s applicability in conflict-affected societies. The credibility and approachability framework aids researchers in comprehending and evaluating their fieldwork experiences, enabling them to articulate their experiences clearly and insightfully. Drawing on the reflexive experiences of a diaspora-based researcher who used this framework to prepare for fieldwork in Nigeria, the article illustrates the framework’s components plus the added “bearability” component. The experiences were borne out of a study with 54 participants across focus groups in communities affected by eco-violence in the Nigerian Middle Belt. The researcher’s positionality of “betweenness” is also discussed, highlighting the complexities of conducting research as an academic “homecomer” in communities located in conflict-affected areas
A 1D Convolutional Neural Network for Spam Classification
Get PDFEmails and short messages are favoured for their communication efficiency. However, a substantial volume of spam is communicated even with recipient consent. To tackle such problems, models like TextCNN are employed for spam detection due to their simple network structures, swift training speed, and commendable performance. While TextCNN excels in spam classification, it has several drawbacks. For example, it utilized multi-channels with limited improvement and reduced explainability. It also lacks the capability to extract long-range features. Therefore, we introduce a novel 1D Convolutional Neural Network, overcoming TextCNN limitations by removing channels and employing an extended kernel. We assess both the proposed and the existing TextCNN models on a large-scale mixed dataset. The empirical results indicate a superior performance of the proposed model over TextCNN with more efficient computational cost, marking a significant advancement in spam classification
What drives the frequency of terrorist attacks? Thematic Analysis of a Rapid Evidence Assessment
Get PDFUnderstanding how and why the frequency of terrorist attacks can change is clearly a critical issue and an increasing amount of research has focused on this subject. This article presents the results of a Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) of research published from 2012 to 2022 on this area. A total of 50 articles were identified which met the review’s criteria thresholds. Thematic analysis identified eight core themes across the research which affected the frequency of terrorist attacks: Regime Type and Domestic Politics; Economic factors; Military Intervention and Foreign Fighters; Migration; Climate Change and Natural Disasters; Terrorist Organisational Qualities; Terrorist Target Selection Practices; and, Media Coverage. The article also considers the research methods used across the studies and, in particular, reflects on the heavy reliance placed on the Global Terrorism Database (GTD).Potential implications in terms of policy as well as recommended avenues for future research are discussed
Decolonizing Minds and Education:Critical Pedagogy and Epistemic Disobedience in Kurdistan
Get PDFThis article examines the intricacies involved in the process of decolonizing education. It draws on the author's first‐hand teaching experiences and observations as an activist scholar and a critical pedagogue at Bingöl University in Turkey from 2013 to 2016, during a period marked by intense political tension between security forces and Kurdish insurgencies. It elucidates a transformative pedagogical endeavor aimed at decolonizing education, with a particular focus on Kurdish students who endure colonial domination and oppression. Grounded in critical pedagogy, border thinking, and the principles of epistemic disobedience, this intervention represents a deliberate departure from traditional educational paradigms. It endeavors to cultivate a more inclusive and liberatory learning environment by drawing on theoretical frameworks articulated by renowned scholars such as Freire, Fanon, Mignolo, and Illich. At its core, this endeavor seeks to transcend the conventional boundaries of education by fostering critical consciousness, agency, and alternative worldviews among marginalized communities. Through prioritizing interactive dialogue, problem‐posing educational models, and participatory learning practices, the initiative empowers students to critically engage with their social, historical, and cultural contexts. Employing innovative pedagogical strategies like the marketplace of ideas and extracurricular reading groups, students are encouraged to reclaim their own forms of knowledge and challenge hegemonic narratives perpetuated by colonial structures. This initiative underscores the transformative potential of education in dismantling oppressive structures and fostering alternative visions of social change. By amplifying the voices of marginalized communities, the intervention not only challenges the status quo but also lays the groundwork for a more equitable and emancipatory educational landscape
Impact pathways:geopolitics, risk and ethics in critical minerals supply chains
Get PDFPurposeThis pathway paper highlights how geopolitics, risk and ethics affect critical minerals (CMs) supply chains (SCs). It identifies pathways to enable operations and SC management scholars to support this under-researched industry.Design/methodology/approachQualitative research was undertaken in partnership with the Critical Minerals International Alliance (CMIA). Interviews were conducted with senior industry leaders from across CMs supply networks.FindingsThe CMs industry is distinctly different from conventional SCs and would greatly benefit from the development and application of operations and SC management theories.Research limitations/implicationsThe four pathways that require scholars’ attention comprise risk and resilience, SC opacity, supply constraints and ethics.Practical implicationsCM s are essential for products such as smart phones and the technologies required for decarbonisation and achieving net zero. The pathways address multifaceted challenges of benefit to industry stakeholders.Social implicationsImproving the understanding of CMs SCs will support the decarbonisation agenda. Reducing the opacity within SCs would help address governance issues and curb unethical behaviours.Originality/valueThis paper draws on the expertise and insights gained from industry leaders. It establishes pathways and proposes theories and research questions for addressing the impact of geopolitics on CM operations and SCs.<br/
Honor Values as Identity Content:Evidence From a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study
Get PDFReputation refers to the set of judgments a community makes about its members. In cultures of honor, reputation constitutes one of the most pressing concerns of individuals. Reputational concerns are intimately intertwined with people’s social identities. However, research has yet to address the question of how honor-related reputational concerns are structured at the within-person level vis-à-vis individuals’ identification with relevant group memberships. The present longitudinal study investigated the association between social identification and reputational concerns in southern Italy (N1st-wave = 1,173), a little-studied culture of honor. Specifically, using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, we tested whether reputational concerns predict, are predicted by, or are bidirectionally linked to individuals’ identification with their region, a group membership relevant for the endorsement of honor. Findings revealed a positive association at the within-person level between group identification and subsequent honor-related concerns. Longitudinal paths from reputational concerns to identification were not significant. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed
Experimental evidence suggests intergroup relations are, by default, neutral rather than aggressive
Get PDFTransdisciplinarity from the Grassroots:Exploring Student-led Dialogues for Sustainability
Get PDFThe responses of higher education (HE) institutions towards the climate crisis and escalating social inequalities have been researched from either “top-down” (i.e., institutionally-led) or “bottom-up” (i.e., student-led) perspectives. As scholars call for enhanced insight into the space between these two poles, this paper provides an autoethnographical account of a “bottom-up” network led by doctoral students – Researchers 4 Sustainability (R4S) – initiated within a UK university to contest “top-down” structures by way of disciplinary silos. Likening disciplines to communicative subsystems, we draw on a social constructivist perspective of dialogue to demonstrate how three forms of dialogue – exploring, explaining and expanding – support not just the transcending of disciplinary boundaries, but crucially, institutional hierarchies, in the creation of sustainability knowledge. Herein, we introduce a framework against which to organise student-led dialogues relative to their inter- and/or trans- disciplinary orientations and offer recommendations for theory and practice
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