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Responsible Digital:Co-Creating Safe, Wise and Secure Digital Interventions with Vulnerable Groups
Get PDFThe notion of “Responsible Digital” emphasises the ethical and responsible design and use of digital technologies. Having the knowledge and skills to navigate the digital world safely, wisely and securely becomes critical when digital literacy and access to technologies are limited and livelihood possibilities are precarious such as in the context of vulnerable migrants. We use the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) framework in its operationalised version called AREA Plus as a lens to reflect on our research-practice in relation to two projects in sensitive contexts that were designed with vulnerable groups to co-create digital interventions aimed at improving their lives. In so doing, we introduce a new ‘sustainability’ dimension to AREA Plus to develop what we term the AREAS framework. We contribute to knowledge by using the AREA Plus framework in the context of Africa, South East Asia and South America migration and by further enhancing it; to methodology by highlighting the procedures followed when working with vulnerable groups; and to practice through the promotion of responsible digital practices
Flow-augmentation III:Complexity dichotomy for Boolean CSPs parameterized by the number of unsatisfied constraints
Get PDFOnline versus cognitive control:A dividing line between physical action and motor imagery
Get PDFRecent work in our lab has shown that motor imagery is highly sensitive to tasks that interfere with executive resources, whereas physical actions are largely immune. This has been taken as support for the Motor-Cognitive model of motor imagery and in opposition to the theory of Functional Equivalence. Here, we examined another prediction of the Motor-Cognitive model, namely that an opposite pattern of effects would be observed when the information available for online control was reduced, with physical actions being affected but motor imagery being largely resistant. This was tested in four experiments in which participants performed either physical actions or motor imagery, and in a replication in which they performed both. The experiments manipulated the quality of information available during the online control of movement through: (a) comparing movements made with or without visual feedback (Experiments 1 and 1a); (b) comparing movements made using foveal versus peripheral vision (Experiment 2); and (c) comparing physical to mimed actions (Experiment 3). All four experiments found evidence in favor of the Motor-Cognitive model in that manipulations of online control affected physical action much more than they affected motor imagery. These results were, however, inconsistent with a Functional Equivalence view. We discuss these results in the broader context of other theoretical views of motor imagery
TRAPUM search for pulsars in supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae - II. Survey analysis and population study
Get PDFWe present the second and final set of TRAPUM searches for pulsars at 1284 MHz inside supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae with the MeerKAT telescope. No new pulsars were detected for any of the 80 targets, which include some unidentified TeV sources that could be pulsar wind nebulae. The mean upper limit on the flux density of undetected pulsars is 52 Jy, which includes the average sensitivity loss across the coherent beam tiling pattern. This survey is the largest and most sensitive multi-target campaign of its kind. We explore the selection effects that precluded discoveries by testing the parameters of the survey iteratively against many simulated populations of young pulsars in supernova remnants. For the synthetic pulsars that were undetected, we find evidence that, after beaming effects are accounted for, about 45 per cent of pulsars are too faint, 30 per cent are too smeared by scattering, and a further 25 per cent have a modelled projected location which places them outside their supernova remnant. The simulations are repeated for the S1 subband of the MeerKAT S-band receivers, resulting in a 50-150 per cent increase in the number of discoveries compared to L-band depending on the flux density limit achieved. Therefore, higher frequency searches that can also achieve improved flux density limits are the best hope for future targeted searches. We also report updated properties for the two previous discoveries, including a polarimetry study of PSR J18310941 finding a rotation measure of 4011 rad m
Rethinking the Inherent Jurisdiction of the High Court in Safeguarding Adult Reviews:Beyond Legal Literacy
Get PDFPurpose: The Inherent Jurisdiction of the High Court (the IJ) is used in safeguarding adults' work to protect ‘vulnerable’ adults whose autonomy is compromised but who have mental capacity as defined by the Mental Capacity Act 2005. Safeguarding Adult Reviews (SARs) frequently call on practitioners to develop legal literacy, including regarding the IJ. This article explores and discusses how the IJ is presented in SARs and argues that there are systemic problems beyond legal literacy to consider in this area.Design/methodology/approach: Relevant SARs (n=29) were located through theNational Network of Safeguarding Adult Board Chair’s library. These were thematically analysed to identify patterns regarding how the IJ is covered in these documents.Findings: The reviews converged around specific experiential clusters (familial and domestic abuse, community-based exploitation, self-neglect). They entailed accounts of complex mental capacity issues and raised concerns about legal literacy. It was common to find situations where many other avenues for intervention had been exhausted and the IJ was proposed as a measure of last resort. The discussion of the IJ in SARs occasionally differs from prevailing legal accounts of its application, particularly regarding self-neglect and situations where a third party is not exerting coercion or control. We close the article with a discussion about legal literacy.Originality/value: The IJ is an evolving area of law and practitioners may therefore struggle to grasp its applicability. SARs are important resources for practitioners to learn lessons concerning this less commonly used legal mechanism. As a result, independent reviewers should be cautious about how they frame this legal remedy and consider if this really is a case of ‘legal literacy’
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