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Hydroxyl (OH) radical oxidation of surfactant films formed from woodland aerosol particulate material at the air-water interface
Full text linkNeutron reflectometry was used to examine the reaction of gas-phase hydroxyl radicals with thin surfactant films at the air–water interface. The films comprised insoluble material extracted from aerosol particulate matter collected from the atmosphere of a broadleaf woodland; sampled above and below the canopy across spring, summer, and winter. The measurements presented here act as a proxy for oxidation reactions at the air–water interface of broadleaf woodland atmospheric aqueous aerosols. The material extracted from the woodland atmosphere formed stable surfactant-like thin films at the air–water interface, with maximum thicknesses of 30 Å and neutron scattering length densities between 0.1 × 10−6 Å−2 and 2.5 × 10−6 Å−2. Oxidation by hydroxyl radicals reduced the amount of interfacial material, leaving an oxidation-resistant fraction of 20%–60% of the original film. The values of the surface reaction coefficients, determined by KM-SUB, for the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with woodland films were approximately 10−7 cm2 s−1. Film half-lives were estimated to be 1—2 h in typical day-time hydroxyl radical concentrations and 2 days–1 week in night-time concentrations. Thus, organic material extracted from temperate, broadleaf woodland aerosol can form thin, stable surfactant films at the air–water interface that can be partially removed by the gas-phase hydroxyl radical at a significant enough rate to warrant inclusion in atmospheric models
Spheres of resonance:How consumers contribute to atmosphere’s dynamics and plurality
Full text linkConsumer experiences often build on resonant atmospheres that touch, seduce, or thrill consumers. Lack of resonance can diminish an atmosphere, alienate consumers, and render experiences meaningless. However, the way in which consumers contribute to atmospheres’ evolving resonance and plural nature has nonetheless been undertheorized. We address this question by operationalizing the concept of spheres of resonance, which we develop based on a multi-sited ethnography at the iconic holiday resort Club Med. Drawing on theory of resonance, we explain atmospheres are consumed through co-evolving spheres of resonance emerging in bodily encounters that momentarily envelop people and groups. Our findings show how these spheres co-exist but can also overlap, merge, and clash, influencing how atmospheres are felt and mobilized. Overall, we expand prior understandings of consumption atmospheres beyond a “mono-spherical” view and contribute to theory on the dynamics of atmospheres and resonance in consumer research
Exploring the Impact of Digital Humans on the Customer Experience
Full text linkThe emergence of digital humans in customer-facing roles presents significant challenges in creating believable and effective interactions. While existing research addresses various aspects of digital human development, there remains a critical gap in understanding and implementing believability in customer experience contexts. This research develops and validates a comprehensive framework for digital human believability, addressing both theoretical foundations and practical implementation challenges.The study's significance is underscored by industry projections, with Gartner forecasting that by 2025, over 50% of organisations will prioritise digital human development over traditional chatbots. Furthermore, Allied Market Research projects the global digital human market to reach $527.58 million by 2030, highlighting the urgent need for structured approaches to digital human implementation.Through Design Science Research methodology, this study develops a multi-dimensional believability framework encompassing behavioural, personality, appearance, and environmental aspects. The research employs a four-phase incremental approach. The first increment synthesises theoretical foundations through expert validation. The second increment refines framework components through empirical testing and stakeholder workshops. The final increment validates the framework through digital human implementations in a higher education context.The research advances the theoretical understanding of digital humans in three key areas. First, it establishes believability as an important construct in human-digital human interaction, extending beyond traditional usability metrics. Second, it demonstrates how customer experience dimensions can be systematically integrated into digital human design. Third, it provides a theoretical basis for evaluating digital human effectiveness in customer-facing roles. Methodologically, it demonstrates the effectiveness of an incremental approach to framework development and validation. Practically, it provides organisations with a structured approach for designing and evaluating digital human implementations.<br/
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Moral Injury and Physical Health Problems: Evidence of their associations from a UK help-seeking sample of veterans
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Self-Attachment Technique in a Dysphoric UK Population: Pilot Study Assessing Changes in Autobiographical Memory
Full text linkOnline versus cognitive control:A dividing line between physical action and motor imagery
Full text linkRecent work in our lab has shown that motor imagery is highly sensitive to tasks that interfere with executive resources, whereas physical actions are largely immune. This has been taken as support for the Motor-Cognitive model of motor imagery and in opposition to the theory of Functional Equivalence. Here, we examined another prediction of the Motor-Cognitive model, namely that an opposite pattern of effects would be observed when the information available for online control was reduced, with physical actions being affected but motor imagery being largely resistant. This was tested in four experiments in which participants performed either physical actions or motor imagery, and in a replication in which they performed both. The experiments manipulated the quality of information available during the online control of movement through: (a) comparing movements made with or without visual feedback (Experiments 1 and 1a); (b) comparing movements made using foveal versus peripheral vision (Experiment 2); and (c) comparing physical to mimed actions (Experiment 3). All four experiments found evidence in favor of the Motor-Cognitive model in that manipulations of online control affected physical action much more than they affected motor imagery. These results were, however, inconsistent with a Functional Equivalence view. We discuss these results in the broader context of other theoretical views of motor imagery
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