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Understanding Paranoia and Hallucinations in the Antenatal and Postnatal Period
Full text linkPostpartum psychosis (PPP) is a serious mental health condition, which can occur in those without previous mental health difficulties. To understand risk factors for PPP, there is emerging literature on psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). Two of the most common PLEs are paranoia and hallucinations. Psychological theories suggest that worry and insomnia may be important mechanisms underpinning paranoia/hallucinations. There is little research on this in the perinatal period. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the presence of paranoia/hallucinations in pregnancy (antenatal) and after birth (postnatal). The second aim was to identify whether insomnia, worry, and risk factors for common mental health difficulties were associated with and predicted paranoia/hallucinations. A community sample of pregnant women/birthing people were recruited through social media and perinatal organisations. They completed online questionnaires during pregnancy (T1, N=253) and 0-3 months postnatally (T2, N=91). The online questionnaires included measures of paranoia, hallucinations, risk factors, insomnia, and worry. Overall, there were higher levels of paranoia and hallucinations at T1. TI insomnia and T1 worry predicted T1 paranoia and hallucinations. Longitudinally, T1 insomnia, T1 worry, and T1 risk factors for common mental health difficulties did not predict T2 paranoia/hallucinations. T2 insomnia and T2 worry also did not predict T2 paranoia/hallucinations. The results suggest that insomnia and worry may be important mechanisms that underpin paranoia/hallucinations in the antenatal period only. A limitation is that we did not control for postnatal depression (PND) which has been associated with insomnia. Therefore, future longitudinal studies should control for PND, investigate other possible risk factors for paranoia/hallucinations, and gather data at more timepoints to identify any temporal associations in the antenatal and postnatal period
Probing neutron star interiors and the properties of cold ultra-dense matter with the SKAO
Full text linkMatter inside neutron stars is compressed to densities several times greater than nuclear saturation density, while maintaining low temperatures and large asymmetries between neutrons and protons. Neutron stars, therefore, provide a unique laboratory for testing physics in environments that cannot be recreated on Earth. To uncover the highly uncertain nature of cold, ultra-dense matter, discovering and monitoring pulsars is essential, and the SKA will play a crucial role in this endeavour. In this paper, we will present the current state-of-the-art in dense matter physics and dense matter superfluidity, and discuss recent advances in measuring global neutron star properties (masses, moments of inertia, and maximum rotation frequencies) as well as non-global observables (pulsar glitches and free precession). We will specifically highlight how radio observations of isolated neutron stars and those in binaries -- such as those performed with the SKA in the near future -- inform our understanding of ultra-dense physics and address in detail how SKAO's telescopes unprecedented sensitivity, large-scale survey and sub-arraying capabilities will enable novel dense matter constraints. We will also address the potential impact of dark matter and modified gravity models on these constraints and emphasise the role of synergies between the SKA and other facilities, specifically X-ray telescopes and next-generation gravitational wave observatories
Navigating the Unspoken:The Impact of Socio-Institutional Factors on Pakistani Employees’ Perceptions of Implicit Promises
Full text linkApplying Event System Theory to Organizational Change:The Importance of Everyday Positive and Negative Events
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Exploring AI-powered Digital Innovations from A Transnational Governance Perspective: Implications for Market Acceptance and Digital Accountability
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Written evidence for Business and Trade Sub-Committee on Economic Security, Arms and Export Controls - Inquiry on UK economic security
Full text linkA Problem with the Current Methodology for Comparing Search Algorithms and a Proposed Solution
Full text linkThis paper explores how incompletely described tie-break policies can invalidate the experimental results reported in papers on optimal bidirectional heuristic search (BiHS). Experiments usually use a single implementation of an algorithm with its specific tie-break policy. When the tie-breaks are insufficiently described, we show that the results can be irreproducible, vary dramatically under different implementations, and lead to misleading assessments of an algorithm’s performance. To ensure reproducible and representative results, papers should either provide a description of the algorithm’s implementation, i.e., the complete tie-break policy, or alternatively, give results as a summary statistic representative of all possible tie-break implementations. We developed a software tool for this purpose
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