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To what extent do sea-ice algae affect the modelled transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to the ice-ocean interface?
Get PDFPandemic Paranoia Scale for Adolescents (PPS-A):An initial psychometric evaluation and prevalence study of adolescents in the United States and United Kingdom
Get PDFParanoid thoughts have been reported in 20–30% of adolescents, and preliminary research has shown that paranoia and psychotic-like experiences have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, previous research has typically used general measures to assess paranoia, rather than those specific to COVID-19, which may overlook particular facets of paranoia related to the pandemic and result in an under-reporting of paranoia prevalence rates during this time. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Pandemic Paranoia Scale for Adolescents (PPS-A), which was adapted from the original scale to be appropriate for younger respondents, and to assess the prevalence of pandemic paranoia among adolescents. Adolescents (N=462) recruited on Qualtrics from the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK) completed an online survey consisting of the PPS-A and measures of general paranoia and negative affect. A subset of adolescent’s parents (N=146) also completed an online survey providing dyadic data. Findings showed that the PPS-A shared the same three factor structure as the adult PPS (i.e., persecutory threat, paranoid conspiracy, and interpersonal mistrust) and across participant nationality, race, gender, and mental health diagnosis. It also demonstrated strong psychometric properties. The overall prevalence rate of pandemic-related paranoia among adolescents was 21% and prevalence rates were higher among US participants than UK participants. This study provides the most comprehensive psychometric evaluation of a pandemic paranoia scale designed for adolescents and highlights the continued prevalence of pandemic paranoia in this age-group nearly two years after COVID-19 began
Societal impact of Brand Public Relations on gender equality:evidence for a mediation-type mechanism
Get PDFPurposeThe purpose of the project was to identify a mechanism of causal relationship between Brand Public Relations (BPR) and societal change in the perception of women gender roles.Design/methodology/approachExperimental evidence was obtained in three countries (N = 378) to examine the mechanism of societal impact of BPR. Effects of spillover of evaluations between two sub-brands of a house of brands company, caused by positive publicity about communication co-created by Public Relations (PR), were analysed.FindingsFindings supported the existence of a positive spillover of evaluations. A mechanism of the societal impact of PR was also captured: an indirect effect of news stories about a non-objectifying portrayal of women in the male reference brand on the typicality of a non-stereotypical women role in society was demonstrated.Research limitations/implicationsExperiments were conducted over a period of three years, during which publics perception of brands' communication about gender portrayal might have changed.Practical implicationsThe paper argues for greater recognition of brand public relations professionals as co-creators of promotional brand communication. It gives evidence that one of the unique competencies of BPR is insight into publics and predicting long-term consequences of brand communication.Social implicationsThe findings of the research project suggest a mediated nature of influence of BPR on the perception of typicality of gender (women) roles in society. PR communicators should learn what areas of practice of PR require specific skills for the function of PR to develop the new competence.Originality/valueThis paper is the first one that aimed at establishing a common terminological framework of the societal impact of public relations
The Role of Ubuntu in Ethical Decision-Making in Nigeria:Ethical Decision-Making in SMEs
Get PDFUbuntu as a traditional African ethic that focused on the interest of the community over that of the individual had been suggested to improve ethical decision-making in businesses in Nigeria. While there had been research done on Ubuntu in Nigeria in the past, it had centred on multinational and large businesses. The impact of Ubuntu on the ethical decision-making of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) had not been an area of focus despite SMEs being more strongly influenced by their local community. Therefore, this thesis sought to discover to what extent Ubuntu could influence Nigerian SMEs' decision-making on ethical issues. To carry out this research, data was collected in Lagos, Nigeria from ten SME supermarkets in the retail industry, which is one of the largest SME sectors in Nigeria. The data were collected mainly through semi-structured interviews and informal conversations with supporting data collected through an observer-as-participant role and documents for data triangulation. The data were analysed using a top-down, theoretical thematic approach which is an analyst-driven approach propelled by the theoretical interest. Data analysis was aided by a theoretical framework based on adding community to Schwartz’s integrated ethical decision-making model. The data analysis showed that while Ubuntu could be considered an influential part of the ethical decision-making of SMEs, its influence was limited by other factors. It also showed that the presence of Ubuntu in the ethical decision-making of the business did not guarantee that the business would make ethical decisions. This research contributed to empirical data on the research of Ubuntu in business ethics in Nigeria and to research of the ethical decision-making process by examining and altering Schwartz’s integrated ethical decision-making model for the theoretical framework
Integrated analysis of the Neogene–Quaternary Valdera-Volterra Basin (Northern Apennines). Evidence for composite development of hinterland basins
Get PDFThe Neogene and Quaternary hinterland basins of the Northern Apennine have been the subject of different tectonic interpretations. Several studies considered these basins as the result of polyphase normal faulting framed in a continuous crustal extensional regime since the middle Miocene. On the contrary, geophysical and geological studies provided evidence of the important role played by out-of-sequence thrusts and backthrusts in the evolution of these basins during a prolongated and intense period of shortening. Here we present an integrated analysis of 2D stacked seismic reflection profiles, stratigraphic and geophysical data from deep exploration wells, gravity data, and published geological and biostratigraphic data for the Valdera-Volterra basin (central Tuscany, Italy). The results support a polyphase and composite evolution of the basin, subdivided into three main phases. During the late Tortonian?Zanclean, the growth of major thrust-related anticlines controlled the evolution of the sedimentary basin. The growth of a syncline determined the creation of accommodation space for the sediments. This main compressional deformation occurred during the Messinian and ended during the Late Zanclean. NE migration of the depocentre during the Early Zanclean was identified, likely possibly due to a differential activity growth between the bordering anticlines. During the Piacenzian, an extensional phase has been recognised, superposed to the previous compressive phase. During the Latest Piacenzian?Early Pleistocene (?), a final compressional phase took place resulting in the positive inversion of the Piacenzian WSW dipping main border fault
Supervised and Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithms:An Empirical Evaluation
Get PDFMachine Learning (ML) algorithms are a subset of artificial intelligence that are applied to data with a primary focus of improving its accuracy over time by replicating and imitating the learning styles of human beings. Within this framework, several supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms are studied through different scenarios. The advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are analysed through these case studies
SOFRA: A Journey Through Manisa from Seed to Plate
Get PDFThis is a book about and for the people, communities, and food of Manisa province, Türkiye. From the Bronze Age to the present, it is a story about the food traditions that individuals, especially women, chose to prioritise and therefore keep alive, sometimes for millennia. Yet as food priorities shift in response to our rapidly changing world, more and more decision making is required. Consequently, this is both a cookbook and a guidebook for those wishing to find balance in their own food priorities, as well as a permanent record of these recipes and activities.<br/
Business politics as a causal mechanism shaping uneven regional development across Romania's automotive industry
Get PDFWe develop and deploy a business politics lens to examine the mechanisms and processes of negotiation through which multinational enterprises (MNEs) and various host country actors interact, leading to different regional trajectories of economic development. We assess two contrasting lead firms from differing home country contexts investing in the automotive industry in Romania, operating in two regions with distinct historical-spatial industrial organization and economic development. We advance a contribution on business politics as dynamic, relational, multi-scalar, and influenced by varied conjunctural factors—historical, geographical, political, institutional, and firm-driven—exposing how MNEs and territorial actors co-shape distinct processes of international economic (dis)integration
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