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Pipes or People? An Analysis of Green Stormwater Infrastructure Co-benefits to Accelerate Regime Change
No full textGreen stormwater infrastructure (GSI) complements grey infrastructure to help prevent combined sewer overflows; however, studies show that it is rarely implemented at scale in North American cities (Croeser et al., 2021; Goulden et al., 2018; O’Donnell et al., 2021; Sarabi et al., 2019). For GSI to trigger a full infrastructure transition or regime change (Brown et al., 2009; Chini et al., 2017; Olsson, 2003), communities must actively participate in designing, constructing, and managing these decentralized systems, and public agencies must adapt by managing increasingly complex physical, social, and ecological networks. Like many infrastructure transformations, this shift is less about technology and more about navigating the social and spatial challenges of coproduction.
This study identified key factors influencing the shift toward decentralized green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) systems by connecting the physical dynamics that shape both networked and standalone infrastructure with the benefits of ecological restoration and social equity. I analyzed ten years of GSI projects, from 2011-2021, in two early adopter cities, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to distill the relationship between the physical structures and the social forces that affect GSI implementation. I hypothesized that (1) Co-produced GSI positively contributes to urban greenness, as measured with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, and some GSI technologies are more effective than others, and (2) GSI adoption has spatial trends that can be attributed to social-cultural factors such as agency capacity, social and economic factors, and community capacity.
Findings reveal that place-based factors, including GSI technologies and structures, contribute to regime change and that the use of remote sensing data and methods can enhance GSI management practices. The study also suggests that measuring co-benefits via remote sensing could bolster accountability regarding the social-cultural factors essential to sustainable city regimes, thereby solidifying new practices and reinforcing system values. The findings also indicate that a deeper understanding of physical and social-cultural factors can provide concrete recommendations to advance regime change. The interdependencies reinforce the multidisciplinary nature of regime change and the need for integrative approaches, the reinvention of urban typologies, and shifts in adaptive management to transition from a regime of pipes to one focused on people and places
“Beam Me a Book, Scotty” Virtual Access Rooms under Section 108 of the Copyright Act
No full textMany library and archive reading rooms mandate in-person visits, but this requirement often restricts access rather than enhancing it. Such limitations can be viewed as ableist, classist, and fundamentally at odds with the purpose of copyright, which is to “promote the progress of science and useful arts.” Libraries have historically been at the forefront of providing new modes of access by adopting new technologies to facilitate broader and easier access to preserved works. Unfortunately, these efforts have been hindered by restrictive interpretations of the rights granted to libraries under Section 108 of the Copyright Act—specifically, the notion that providing access to preserved works in digital formats violates the Act. This interpretation is unfounded. This paper launches the concept of Virtual Access Rooms (VARs) that are not only permissible under a proper reading of Section 108 but are also essential to the modern library’s mission. Knowledge should not be confined to physical spaces, and access to preserved works should not be contingent upon a patron's ability to visit such spaces. There is no legitimate basis for denying access to these works through physical location requirements. The solution offered in this paper is both straightforward and aligned with an accurate reading of the language of the section. It requires no amendments or updates. The language Congress chose in drafting Section 108 in the Copyright Act empowers libraries and archives to provide remote access to their collections via VARs because: (1) libraries and archives do not make digital works “available to the public” when they enable regulated, mitigated access for researchers and other approved patrons; and (2) in offering remote access, libraries and archives do not make such works available “outside the premises” of their institutions.Author's Origina
'The Fourth Estate in Medicine' — The History of the Medical Journal and the Medical Profession in the United States, 1797–Present
No full textAuthor's Origina
Global Trends in Innovation Patterns: A Complexity Approach
No full textGrowth Lab Working Paper Series No. 235Technological know-how in a country shapes its growth potential and competitive- ness. Scientific publications, patents, and international trade data offer complementary insights into how ideas from science, technology, and production evolve, combine, and are transformed into capabilities. Analyzing their trajectories enables a more comprehen- sive and multifaceted understanding of the whole innovation process, from generating ideas to internationally commercializing products. We analyze the production patterns in these three domains, documenting the differences between advanced and emerging mar- ket economies. We find that future income, patenting, and publishing growth correlate with the economic complexity indices calculated from these domains. Capabilities em- bedded in the country also shape future diversification opportunities and make the inno- vation process path dependent. Lastly, we also show that diversification opportunities can be inferred across innovation domains.Version of Recor
Epitaxially defined Luttinger liquids on MoS2 bicrystals
No full textA mirror twin boundary (MTB) in a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayer can host one-dimensional electron liquid of a topological nature with tunable interactions. Unfortunately, electrical characterization of such boundaries has been challenging due to the paucity of samples with large enough size and high quality. Here, we report the conductance measurements of individual MTBs in epitaxially grown monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) bicrystals that are tens of micrometers long. These MTBs exhibit power-law behaviors of conductance as a function of temperature and bias voltage up to room temperature, consistent with electrons tunneling into a Luttinger liquid. Transport measurements of two distinct types of MTBs reveal the critical role of the atomic-scale defects. This study demonstrates that MTBs in TMD monolayers provide an exciting new platform for studying the interplay between electronic interactions and topology.Chemistry and Chemical BiologyPhysicsAccepted Manuscrip
What Does It Take for a Superintendent to Lead Place-Based Transformation?
No full textChiefs for Change is a national, nonpartisan organization that convenes and supports a selective network of district and statewide education superintendents in public K-12 school systems. The support for the role of the superintendency, while always emphasizing effective operational and instructional leadership, increasingly requires superintendents to build the political and civic capacity to lead beyond the school walls and outside of the school day. In response to this growing need, Chiefs for Change established a renewed strategic direction: reimagining public education to ensure all students have access to social and economic mobility by enabling the conditions for success from cradle to career. To achieve this mission, superintendents must be effective civic and place-based leaders: possessing and utilizing the knowledge, skills and dispositions necessary to effect and sustain durable cross-sector collaboration between the school system, local government, private philanthropy and community-based organizations.
This capstone chronicles the development of the strategy, design and preliminary execution of the civic and place-based programming at Chiefs for Change. Situated among a broader array of program offerings, the work of this strategic project focuses on the civic leadership continuum: from the knowledge, skills and dispositions needed to successfully navigate their roles to the technical assistance needed to unlock deeper support in coordinating resources across a community.
Frameworks from Mark Moore’s Strategic Triangle, the Collaborative on Political Leadership in the Superintendency and the Social Genome Project undergird the knowledge base, as Chiefs for Change expands its membership, revamps its leadership development programming and explores new organizational partnerships to meet the growing needs of its network members who lead school systems across the country.
The analysis section outlines the preconditions for superintendents readiness, elicits implications for continued support, offers considerations for the organization and the sector at-large and suggests broad recommendations for ongoing partnerships between school systems, government and community-based organizations. Finally, the conclusion foreshadows an analytical roadmap for the future of place-based and civic leadership in the superintendency, suggest next steps along the programmatic timeline and recommends additional impact metrics for Chiefs for Change.Educatio
Taking(s) on the Mississippi: Bearing Witness for Reconciliation
No full textThe realities of retreat are destabilizing static representations of property embedded in the national identity of the United States. The Birds Point-New Madrid floodway in Missouri is a landscape formed through the survey: a technical apparatus operated to preserve the institution of private property along past American Frontiers. Landscape architecture has long utilized the survey to frame life along the Mississippi River, situating claims of ownership onto the land in service of colonial narratives.
Taking(s) on the Mississippi uses retreat as a tool to reframe the survey, addressing histories of displacement inscribed on the surface of the floodway to advocate for reparative action. Landscapes of witness are embodied through archival narratives, legal argumentation, and drawing, setting precedent for new claims of collective ownership and relationality to emerge on site. These claims lay the foundation for a future where retreat makes room for reconciliation in the contested landscapes of the Mississippi.Department of Architectur
Shaping the Shapeless: New Formulations for Emergent Settlements in Kerala
No full textThe settlement-form of the state of Kerala can be described shapeless based on prevalent unregulated land-markets and blanket floor-space-indices. This thesis seeks the causes and effects of Kerala's shapelessness and examines potential-roles for urban-design to formally influence emergent settlement-patterns.
Kerala’s settlement-form is defined by the processes of myth-making and laissez-faire space-making rather than deliberate urban-design-strategies – manifesting as discordant land-right-schemes and the discombobulation of built-form. Contemporary Kerala exhibits high-degrees of equality whereby formal-land-tenure predominantly lies in the private-realm. However, the consequent dearth and acute-fragmentation of the commons is interfering with prospects to integrate, perpetuate, and preserve vernacular-settlement-forms, cultural-infrastructures, open-spaces, and natural-systems.
The city of Kochi/Cochin will be a proxy to discern settlement-form at ground-level and propose urban-design-strategies to establish the commons as armatures that disincentivizes incongruent-large-scale-infrastructures, while coherently propagating and consolidating vernacular-settlement-forms, cultural-infrastructures, open-spaces, and natural-systems – reifying identity, fostering inclusivity and promoting sustainable-development within an otherwise incoherent and disjointed pattern of emergent settlements in Kerala.Department of Urban Planning and Desig
Optimizing Suicide Prevention in Adolescents: A Longitudinal Approach to Risk Modeling and Resource Allocation
No full textAdolescent suicide remains a top public health concern in the United States. From 2018 to 2023, it was the third leading cause of death among youth aged 15–19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, suicide attempts increased significantly among adolescents, especially girls. While clinical screening tools like the ASQ are widely used and effective, many at-risk students do not interact with healthcare systems, leaving their risk undetected. This gap highlights the need for proactive, data-driven strategies that can identify risk in broader populations, such as school-based settings. Existing suicide prediction models often rely on electronic health records and clinical samples, limiting their generalizability. Few models incorporate dynamic behavioral factors or account for missing suicidality data. Moreover, most studies have focused on cross-sectional prediction rather than longitudinal modeling. In contrast, this thesis applies machine learning to four years of school-based survey data (the SURF dataset) to build interpretable, longitudinal risk models for adolescent suicide prevention. We introduce a multi-stage modeling framework that includes (1) imputation of missing suicidality data in earlier years using non-suicide predictors, (2) one-year prediction models using logistic regression and XGBoost, (3) a multi-year compounding ensemble that links predictions across time, and (4) a simulation of resource allocation under budget constraints. We find that suicidality can be accurately imputed and predicted using behavioral and mental health variables, and that risk-based intervention strategies significantly outperform random allocation. These results offer a scalable framework for early identification and support of high-risk students in school-based prevention efforts.Computer Scienc