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The First Delinquency Prevention Experiment: Origins and Impact of the Cambridge-Somerville Youth Study
No full textAuthor's Origina
Scenic Route: A Collection of Essays and Short Stories
No full textIn these six intertwined short stories and essays, the narrators’ conflicts have ways of cropping up in unexpected places. In “Prank,” a teenage boy joins his friends in the woods for a joke that turns sour. His sister looks back on this same rural town and takes us on a tour of its dark side, ending at a place she wished she hadn’t found in “Tour of a Small Town.” In “Private Beach,” the narrator takes her two young children to a secluded oasis, and while trying to shield them from danger, brings them straight to it. This same mother reminisces about her days working shade tobacco in “Seasonal Work.” In “The Woman Who Lives by the Sun,” she struggles to find balance as she ponders the view from her window on her daily commute. And in the last story, “Beautiful Things,” the narrator re-examines a ghostly encounter in her rural hometown and realizes its significance to her own dealings with death. The off-the-beaten-path physical settings in each story, and the way the characters move through them, provide the backdrop for each protagonist to work through—or fall further into—their conflicts
Medicine During The Nazi Period and the Holocaust: Myths, Historical Evidence and Implications for Medical Ethics and Professionalism
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Recording of Network-Wide Intracellular Activity and Mapping of Synaptic Connections Using Microhole Electrode Arrays
No full textNetwork-wide parallelization of neuronal intracellular recording and quantification of synaptic connections and their strengths is a challenge still open in neuroscience, with a mapping limit of ~300 connections. Here, we report a 4,096 microhole electrode array on a semiconductor chip for parallel intracellular recording and synaptic connectivity mapping of rat neuronal cultures using electroporation. The microholes are etched from a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor chip, and the final surface is coated with platinum black to increase roughness and the neuronal interface. The microhole array allows up to 90% average intracellular coupling rate with high coupling fidelity, generating network-wide intracellular recording data containing synaptic signals, and allows regaining intracellular coupling on the same neurons. We extract 70,000+ plausible synaptic connections amongst 2,000+ neurons, and catalogue them into inhibitory, weak/uneventful excitatory, strong/eventful excitatory chemical synaptic connections, and electrical synaptic connections, with an estimated overall error rate of around 5%. The reported scale of chemical and electrical synaptic mapping combines the advantages of patch clamp and extracellular multi-electrode array recordings, providing valuable insights into large-scale neural connectivity.Chemistry and Chemical BiologyEngineering and Applied SciencesPhysicsAccepted Manuscrip
Enabling Precision Medicine for TP53 Wild Type Endometrial Carcinoma Patients Through Validation of a Companion Diagnostic for Selinexor
No full textPrevalence of endometrial cancer (EC) in women has risen globally over the past several decades. EC is a major health concern due to risk factors spanning across common stages within a woman’s lifespan, such as hormonal birth control usage, pregnancy complications, obesity, aging, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tumors, chemotherapy treatment, and menopausal hormone therapy. Prognosis is poor for patients who develop advanced and recurrent EC; therefore, prompt and dynamic clinical intervention is crucial for positive patient outcomes. One such clinical intervention technique is the use of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) to provide molecular insight into the underlying oncogenic drivers of each individual’s unique cancer. Companion diagnostic tests utilize CGP to generate a medical data report that provides clinically actionable information about a patient’s genomic profile, enabling oncologists to develop a personalized, more targeted treatment strategy for each patient. The following research provides evidence that FoundationOne®CDx (F1CDx®), Foundation Medicine’s FDA-approved qualitative next-generation sequencing-based in vitro CGP assay for solid tumors, is a safe and reliable companion diagnostic for tumor protein p53 (TP53) wild type (WT) EC patients as a means to qualify for selinexor administration. Through analytical validation studies, F1CDx did not produce false-positive TP53 results, demonstrated reproducibility for each targeted TP53 variant with ≥95% confidence, and maintained precision in identifying TP53 alterations across differing variables. These results therefore demonstrate that F1CDx is safe and effective to facilitate improved treatment decisions for EC patients by enabling access to selinexor
Exploring teachers perceptions and a priori needs for designing smart classrooms: A case from Brazil
No full textAn Examination of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and its Association with Mood Disorders and Physical Activity in Former Professional American-Style Football (ASF) Players.
No full textAlthough attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been described extensively in the general population and sport-related research, it has seldom been examined in professional athletes, particularly former professional American-style football (ASF) players. In addition, research has frequently described mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, as common co-occurring conditions with ADHD and has found that physical activity can improve symptoms in all three conditions. The purpose of this study is to examine and report on ADHD in a population where it has not been thoroughly investigated previously—in former ASF players—using self-reported survey data collected by the Football Players Health Study. In addition to describing ADHD in this former ASF player population, this work will investigate the association between demographic, football-related, and health characteristics and ADHD diagnoses. This research will explore the association between physical activity and mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, specifically in those with reported ADHD. Among 4,067 former professional ASF players (aged 51.5 (SD=14.4) years; 38.9% Black), 10.1% reported being told they have ADHD. Among the 409 who reported having ADHD (aged 46.2 (SD=13.4) years; 33.0% Black), 42.7% reported taking ADHD medication and 59.4% met the recommended physical activity standards. In those with self-reported ADHD, 49.0% and 42.2% met the criteria for anxiety and depression, respectively, and among 3,658 former ASF players without ADHD, 20.4% and 18.7% met criteria for anxiety and depression, respectively. Using logistic regression models, it was found that self-identifying as Black, being separated/divorced, and having anxiety, sleep apnea, and sleep deprivation were significantly associated with ADHD diagnoses. When controlling for age, race, marital status, sleep apnea, and sleep deprivation, physical activity was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of having anxiety and having depression, specifically in those with reported ADHD. Although physical activity was negatively associated with anxiety and depression in these former players with ADHD, further research is needed to explore the relationship between physical activity and symptoms of ADHD, depression, and anxiety—something that was outside of the scope of this research. Given the limited research on ADHD among populations such as professional athletes, there is a pressing need for increased focus and investigation in this area to understand how sport influences the lives of individuals with ADHD and to identify potential areas of improvement for these athletes
Computerizing Diagnosis: Minds, Medicine and Machines in Twentieth Century America
No full textVersion of Recor
