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Editorial: Comparative and evolutionary analyses of organelle genomes
Get PDFThis Research Topic focuses on studies of organelle genomes, which has been a highly active area of research during the last years. Our focus on organelle genomes fulfills their potential to perform full-scale comparisons for non-model species. This is because they are typically smaller than nuclear genomes, and modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatic approaches often allow researchers to reliably assemble and annotate them. Dozens of approaches have been published describing ways to perform assemblies and annotations of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, and how to create alignments for phylogenetic analyses. Comparisons of chloroplast genomes are especially important for lineages of plants with unusual lifestyles, such as parasitic plants
Spatio-temporal patterns of rainfall variability in Bangladesh
Get PDFBangladesh is experiencing a more rapid warming trend compared to the global average, facing significant climate-related risks. This study gave a comprehensive assessment of rainfall variability across the whole Bangladesh during 1989–2022. Annual rainfall in Bangladesh exhibited significant decreasing trends and high oscillation patterns. The multi-scale SPI and SPEI analysis revealed that Bangladesh experienced severe droughts in 1995, 1999, 2018, 2021 and 2022. The DFA revealed that rainfall evolution exhibited significant long-term positive correlation in almost Bangladesh. These results will support policymakers in Bangladesh to develop suitable strategies in mitigating climate change impacts
Barriers and facilitators towards deceased organ donation:a qualitative study among three major religious groups in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine the barriers and facilitators of the public toward deceased organ donation in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India, from three major religious groups, Hinduism, Islamism, and Christianity. Twenty-five focus groups were conducted (n = 87) stratified by study region, religion, sex, and age. Data were analysed using framework analysis. The results revealed that individuals were primarily willing to donate their organs. However, their religious views regarding death, after-life beliefs, funeral ritual practices, and lack of knowledge regarding their religion's position toward deceased organ donation created tension and ambiguity in the decision-making. However, younger age groups (18-30 years) appeared more open and positive toward deceased organ donation. The conclusion demands a clear need for religious leaders and stakeholders to address their religion's stance, which creates tension and ambiguity in any uncertainties surrounding cultural and religious-based views among the Indian population
Attachment insecurity, bullying victimisation in the workplace, and the experience of burnout
Get PDFIntroduction Although burnout is perhaps the most frequently reported work-related correlate of attachment insecurity, the role of mitigating variables in that link is less well researched. Objective The paper investigates the mediational role of workplace bullying and perceived social support in the link between attachment insecurity and burnout. It was hypothesised that insecurely attached employees would develop burnout via three pathways: (a) by becoming the victims of workplace bullying, (b) by perceiving relatively low support from managers and colleagues due to their attachment insecurity, and (c) by perceiving lower support from managers and colleagues due to them having been bullied. Method Two hundred and twenty-two employees from various completed the following questionnaires: Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire – Revised, Revised Negative Acts Questionnaire, Social Support Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey. Results SEM analysis suggested that the two models tested had a good fit, indicating different pathways from bullying to burnout depending on type of attachment insecurity. Conclusion Findings could inform interventions empowering victims of bullying and help organisations deal with this serious problem
Subchronic exposure to low-level lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium mixtures altered cell cycle and increased oxidative stress pathways in human LO‑2 hepatocytes but did not cause malignant transformation
No full textHuman exposures to rare earth elements are increasing with expanded use in aerospace, precision instruments, and new energy batteries, materials, and fertilizers. Individually these elements have low toxicity, although few investigations have examined the health effects of longer-term mixture exposures. We used the LO-2 cell line to examine the effects of graded exposures to lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium (LCY) mixtures at 1-, 100-, and 1000-fold their human background levels (0.31 μg/L La, 0.25 μg/L Ce, and 0.12 μg/L Y) on cell cycle, oxidative stress, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (NRF2) pathway biomarkers, assessing responses every 10 passages up to 100 passages. Cell migration, concanavalin A, malignant transformation, and tumorigenesis in nude mice were also examined. Mixed LCY exposures activated oxidative stress and the NRF2 pathway by the 30th passage and increased the proportion of cells in the S phase and cell cycle-specific biomarkers by the 40th passage. LCY exposures did not cause malignant transformation of hepatocytes or induced tumorigenesis in nude mice but enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and agglutination. Importantly, LCY mixtures with longer-term exposure activated the NRF2 pathway and altered the hepatocyte cell cycle at doses far below those used in previous toxicological studies. The consequences of LCY mixtures for public health merit further study
Multi-omics analysis of peach-like aroma formation in fruits of wild strawberry (Fragaria nilgerrensis)
Get PDFThe unique fruity aroma of strawberries enhances their appeal to consumers. Fragaria nilgerrensis, a wild strawberry distributed in Southwest China and known for its distinctive peach-like aroma, represents a valuable resource for improving the fragrance of cultivated strawberries. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the peach-like aroma biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic data across four developmental stages of F. nilgerrensis fruits to construct a detailed profile of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the associated gene expression alterations during fruit maturation. Our findings reveal that γ-decalactone, δ-decalactone, and γ-undecalactone are the primary compounds responsible for the pronounced peach-like aroma, with their levels showing a significant correlation with the activity of the FngFAD2 enzyme. The silencing of the FngFAD2 gene through tobacco rattle viral (TRV) induction resulted in notable reductions in both the peach-like aroma and lactone content in the fruit. In addition, integrating dual luciferase assays, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and subcellular localization experiments, we also identified three transcription factors (FngDOF1.2, FngWRKY3, and FngWRI1) that enhance FngFAD2 expression. These findings elucidate the molecular regulatory network involved in the complex developmental process of peach-like flavor in strawberry fruits. Additionally, our research also provides a foundation for the utilization of the wild strawberry as well as improving the flavor and quality of cultivated strawberries
Differences in team sport players’ repeated sprint performance, physiology and biomechanics between temperate and hot environments
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