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Empowering sustainability education with AI: a resounding success at the ANTF Symposium 2025
No full textMy NTF project (SET with AI) is far more than just a training program; it's a dynamic platform meticulously designed to empower universities to embed sustainability, digital innovation, and crucial climate action directly into their core teaching and learning strategies. In an era where environmental consciousness and technological prowess are paramount, equipping the next generation with these essential skills isn't just beneficial it's imperative. SET provides academics and students with the practical tools and strategic framework to achieve this transformation
Enriching a sustainable future with AI: why carbon literacy is crucial for academia and business
Get PDFContemporary research in business, and sustainability consistently highlights the critical role of informed decision-making and integrated sustainability practices (Dong, et al., 2024). My own research, focusing on social cost of carbon and sustainability education, underscores how robust business practices can enable businesses to be more sustainable. This academic lens provides a powerful argument for Carbon Literacy. Without a foundational understanding of carbon impacts, businesses struggle to accurately measure, report, and ultimately reduce their emissions effectively (European Commission, 2023). Academic research increasingly emphasizes the need for transparency and accountability in environmental performance, and Carbon Literacy equips professionals with the analytical skills to engage meaningfully with carbon accounting and reporting frameworks (Pindyck, 2019). It fosters a culture where sustainability is not a trendy initiative but an integral part of strategic planning and operational execution, supported by data-driven insights (Larrinaga & Bebbington, 2021)
Integrating the university library into teaching and learning: why and how
No full textWhere is the library positioned within your institutional structure? Steve Briggs makes the case for integrating it into the teaching and learning unit
Jinty Nelson in thirteen articles
Get PDFThis collection gathers thirteen contributions by a number of historians, friends, colleagues and/or students of Jinty’s, who were asked to pick their favourite article by her and say a few words about it for an event held in her memory on 15 January 2025 at King’s College London. We offer this collection in print now for a wider audience not so much because it has any claim to be exhaustive or authoritative, but because taken all together these pieces seemed to add up to a useful retrospective on Jinty’s work, its wider context, and its impact on the field over the decades. We hope that, for those who know her work well already, this may be an opportunity to remember some of her classic (and a few less classic) articles, while at the same time serving as an accessible introduction to her research for anyone who knew her without necessarily knowing about her field, as well as for a new and younger generation of readers.</p
Tailoring 2D and 3D interference structures via multi-parameter control in a 3+1 beam laser interference system
No full textAchieving precise 3D geometric control in Laser Interference Lithography (LIL) is vital. This study simulates a 3+1 beam LIL system, exploring how wave vector, polarization, and phase modulation impact 2D/3D pattern symmetry and morphology. We found phase shifts translate patterns, polarization rotation reshapes motifs, and wave vector changes alter lattice symmetry. Thus, wave vector governs periodicity/symmetry, polarization controls morphology, and phase tunes position. This decoupled parameter control in 3+1 LIL allows fabrication of programmable structures for advanced photonics and materials.</p
A study of noble metal films in periodic structures in relation to excitation wavelength for SERS
No full textSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has established itself as a highly sensitive technique for biochemical detection. Despite significant research progress, most SERS substrates with single-resonant plasmonic nanostructures on planar surfaces are plagued by narrowband operational constraints in SERS performance. Herein, we design a simple periodic hexagonal nanostructure to explore the impacts of noble metal film parameters on surface plasmon distribution and electric field intensity. By studying the role of noble metals in SERS structures, we derive a method for designing nanostructures tailored to target excitation wavelengths. Periodic hexagonal nanostructures fabricated via ICP etching are employed to validate the findings, achieving relatively high detection sensitivity at excitation wavelengths of 532 nm and 633 nm, respectively.</p
Macrovascular complications:peripheral arterial disease
No full textLower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a leading cause of vascular mortality and morbidity, only surpassed by coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. Age and smoking are the main risk factors for developing PAD. Moreover, smoking is directly associated to the severity of PAD and it affects the prognosis of revascularization interventions. The prevalence of PAD in older people in high-income countries increases with age. CAD is a major cause of mortality in older adults and, even more relevant, is a leading cause of functional decline. Optimised medical treatment brings substantial benefits to older patients with CAD, whether treated conservatively or after revascularisation. Cerebrovascular disease poses a considerable threat, with individuals contending with diabetes exhibiting an increased risk of experiencing a spectrum of cerebrovascular complications, including stroke and cerebral small vessel disease. Ageing and hypertension are the major risk factors for stroke, together with other traditional cardiovascular factors.</p
Operationalizing Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) with muscle strength and power:predicting adverse events in older adults from the ilsirente study
Get PDFBackground and aims: The present study examined associations between Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) indexes operationalized according to lower limb muscle strength and power and the incidence of adverse events in older community-dwellers. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of octogenarians who lived in the mountain community of the Sirente geographic area in Central Italy. Participants completed the SPPB under standardized conditions. Lower limb muscle power was estimated according to results from the 5-time sit-to-stand (5STS) test using validated equations. Then, four SPPB indexes were created by replacing 5STS test results with muscle power measures. Outcomes were assessed 24 months after baseline and included falls, fractures, and death. Results: Data of 255 older adults (mean age: 85.8 ± 4.8 years; women: 67.0%) were examined. Binary regression analysis indicated that conventional SPPB was significantly associated with the incidence of falls (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.841, [95% confidence interval [CI]] = 0.758, 0.934), fractures (OR = 0.837, 95%CI = 0.702, 0.998), and death (hazard ratio = 0.961, 95%CI = 0.934, 0.999). However, no significant results were found when SPPB was operationalized according to muscle power parameters. Area under the curve (AUC) results indicated that SPPB indexes had lower accuracy for distinguishing participants at higher risk of negative events. Discussion and conclusions: Results of the present study indicate that conventional SPPB, but not SPPB indexes operationalized according to lower limb muscle power, was significantly associated with the incidence of negative events in older adults. However, SPPB indexes were not good to identify older adults at higher risk of experiencing negative events.</p
PV+TESLA: a secure integrated approach to reduce message verification delay in V2V networks
No full textVehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) broadcast communication plays a crucial role in ensuring road safety in Intelligent Transport System (ITS) domain, but ensuring the authenticity and integrity of exchanged messages used by safety applications presents challenges. While the Timed Efficient Stream Loss-tolerant Authentication (TESLA) offers low computation overhead as it is primarily built on symmetric cryptographic primitives like MAC and hash chain technique, its inherent authentication delay may exceed the tolerable latency for future safety applications. To address these issues, we propose the Prompt Verification (PV) model, a modified version of TESLA which eliminates authentication delay by broadcasting the verification key with the message. Although the PV model provides benefits such as faster message verification and prevention of memory-based DoS attacks, it introduces a vulnerability exploitable by malicious users. To mitigate this vulnerability, we conduct a comprehensive analysis, evaluating its significance through a developed threat model and risk analysis framework. Our findings underscore the substantial risk posed by impersonation attacks, which could endanger lives and property. To counter these risks, we propose to integrate PV with TESLA, complemented by RSSI based message consistency checking scheme (RMCCS) for enhanced lightweight false message detection. Simulation results demonstrate an 85% reduction in authentication delays compared with standard TESLA and existing schemes, along with increased resilience against impersonation attacks. The PV+TESLA model, integrated with RMCCS, offers a robust solution for securing safety messages in V2V broadcast communication systems, showcasing its practical viability and effectiveness.</p
Towards software defined networking in corporate and data-centre IoT environments
No full textAs large enterprises and data-centres embrace agile workflows by the implementation of virtualisation and cloud technologies, they demand greater flexibility of the underlying infrastructure. Conventional Internet Protocol (IP) networks have proven adequate in the past, but fail to offer rapid configuration and programmability features due to their bundled data and control planes. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is aimed to address this issue with a centralised controlled architecture. In this paper, we first explore SDN products currently available in the market, followed by a critical analysis of SDN implementation, and comparison with existing network technologies. This leads to a summary of the implications surrounding SDN encompassing cost, security, and reliability.</p
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