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Relational epistemic safety: what young people facing harm in their communities want and need from professionals tasked with helping them
Get PDFWhen young people are harmed beyond their families, what kinds of professional relationships help to keep them safe? Contextual Safeguarding is an approach to creating safety in community and school contexts that asks how changes can be made in the environment to create safer contexts. However, (mis)interpretations of the approach have given rise to practice devoid of relationships with the young people affected by professional decisions, and which override their rights and ways of knowing. We draw on consultations with young people about what they need from professional relationships when they experience extra-familial harm – called the Young People's Relationship Framework (YPRF). We then use this to analyse three pilot studies of multi-agency practice aimed at creating safety in extra-familial contexts. The findings show that, for a relational orientation to be achieved, professionals need to be guided by how young people know the world. We argue that this requires professionals to undergo a process of ‘undoing’: giving up privileged ways of knowing and making decisions, leading to what we have termed relational epistemic safety. We offer this to support professionals in developing relationships with young people who experience extra-familial harm that are characterised by equality and respect
Unleashing innovation through internal branding and resident involvement
No full textThis chapter aims to explore of how residents are influencing their place brands through diverse acts of entrepreneurship by investigating (1) the impact of residents’ entrepreneurial acts on internal place branding in shaping a place’s identity, culture, and reputation and (2) the opportunities associated with residents’ entrepreneurship acts
Promoting workplace retention during global crises:an international survey of the preventive role of psychological support among victims of social discrimination in long-term care facilities
Get PDFThis international cross-sectional survey examined the potential role of organizational psychological support in mitigating the association between experiencing social discrimination against long-term care (LTC) facilities' healthcare professionals (HCPs) and their intention to stay in the current workplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included a convenience sample of 2,143 HCPs (nurses [21.5 %], nurse aids or residential care workers [40.1 %], social workers [12.1 %], and others [26.4 %]) working at 223 LTC facilities in 13 countries/regions. About 37.5 % of the participants reported experiencing social discrimination, and the percentage ranged from 15.3 % to 77.9 % across countries/regions. Controlling for socio-demographic and work-related variables, experiencing social discrimination was significantly associated with a lower intention to stay, whereas receiving psychological support showed a statistically significant positive association (p-value=0.015 and <0.001, respectively). The interaction term between social discrimination and psychological support showed a statistically significant positive association with the intention to stay, indicating a moderating role of the psychological support
Multiscale impacts of land environmental features and planning on apartment resale prices in Jinan City, China
Get PDFAs a typical city with a population of 5 to 10 million in China, Jinan has undergone significant increases in land supply during the past decade, resulting in substantial volatility in apartment sale/resale market prices. In this study, we investigated all second-hand apartment transactions from 826 communities of Jinan city and explored the multiscale impacts of land environmental features and planning on apartment resale prices throughout the city. Specifically, central and eastern regions had significantly positive impacts on apartment resale prices, while western regions had significantly negative impacts; education resources had consistently positive impacts throughout the city while shopping, business buildings, and medical resources had insignificant impacts; subway stations had insignificant impacts and bus stations had significant effects only in congestion points and northeastern edges. Our results revealed the formation mechanisms and spatial heterogeneity of apartment resale prices in Jinan. Our work will not only help in the decision making of potential apartment purchasers, but will also be conducive to enhancing the spatial justice of local governments in land supply and planning policies
Spatial patterns and evolution features of marine cold spells in the Arabian Sea during the past three decades
Get PDFMarine Cold Spell (MCS) events are cold sea states with potentially devastating impacts on marine environments and ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed different MCS types with various severe categories in the Arabian Sea during 1994–2023. We found that all four types of MCS events shared a similar spatial pattern in terms of frequency, mean duration, mean intensity, and total days, but the frequency of 1-MCS events had a sharply decreasing trend compared with any other type of MCS events, indicating that ocean warming mainly led to the significant disappearance of short-period MCS events. Moreover, the MCS events in offshore Somalia had the highest occurring frequency, longest duration, largest intensity, and maximal total days, and were significantly different from those in other regions of the Arabian Sea. This is originated from that the cold–warm changes of the Somali current make larger fluctuations in the sea surface temperatures of the waters off Somalia, enhancing the occurring probability of MCS events, especially during the summers
The acceptability of alcohol screening and brief intervention for older adults in community venues
Get PDFEvidence supports the effectiveness of alcohol brief interventions (ABI) in health-care settings but the acceptability of conducting ABIs in wider community venues such as supermarkets, hospital atriums and train stations remains unclear. This study examines the acceptability of conducting ABIs for older adults in community settings. ABIs were conducted in community venues in five sites across the United Kingdom as part of the Drink Wise, Age Well program. ABIs used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption to measure alcohol use, with personalised feedback delivered in relation to alcohol intake. Data on age, gender, ethnicity, alcohol use and intention to change drinking was collected. Qualitative interviews to explore the acceptability of delivering ABIs within community venues were conducted with a sub-set of ABI recipients (n = 16) and practitioners (n = 12). Data were analysed using Framework Analysis. A total of 3999 people received an ABI. Fifty-eight percent of ABI recipients were female. The largest age group was 50-54 years (28%). Almost 80% (n = 3180) of ABI recipients were drinking at hazardous levels. Of hazardous drinkers that were asked (n = 2726), 40% reported intentions to change their drinking. Qualitative analysis indicted that ABIs conducted in community venues were acceptable and considered to be valuable in raising awareness of alcohol-related risks. Community venues represent a promising context to engage older people in alcohol intervention, with the potential to lead to reductions in alcohol consumption
Editorial: Comparative and evolutionary analyses of organelle genomes
Get PDFThis Research Topic focuses on studies of organelle genomes, which has been a highly active area of research during the last years. Our focus on organelle genomes fulfills their potential to perform full-scale comparisons for non-model species. This is because they are typically smaller than nuclear genomes, and modern sequencing techniques and bioinformatic approaches often allow researchers to reliably assemble and annotate them. Dozens of approaches have been published describing ways to perform assemblies and annotations of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, and how to create alignments for phylogenetic analyses. Comparisons of chloroplast genomes are especially important for lineages of plants with unusual lifestyles, such as parasitic plants
Health and social care professionals experience, views and responses toward people who use new psychoactive substances in different mental health and addiction services.
No full textTitle: Healthcare professional’s experiences, views and responses of People Who Use New Psychoactive Substances in different Mental Health and Addiction Healthcare Services. Authors: Dr David Solomon, Professor Jeffrey Grierson, Associate Professor Lauren Godier-McBard, Associate Professor Amira Guirguis. Background New psychoactive Substances (NPS) cause harm to both the physical and mental health of people who use NPS (PWUNPS). Health and social care professionals working in mental health and drug and alcohol settings experience daily challenges surrounding the identification of NPS types, and related symptoms resulting from NPS. Although a limitation of research exists surrounding how Hcps manage PWUNPS, more research is needed on Hcps views, responses, and experiences across different healthcare services (HCSs) surrounding their engagements with PWUNPS. Aim (s) Exploring the experiences, views, and responses of health and social care professionals in contact with people who use new psychoactive substances. Sampling Method: Purposive sampling Methods: A Sequential Explanatory Design was carried out in three different service type provisions namely statutory, non-statutory, and private sectors across five mental health and drug and alcohol HCSs. Specific Analytical approach: Descriptive Statistics and Thematic Analysis. Main Findings In total, 92 Hcps took part in the survey across five different HCSs. Most Hcps were female (n=47) in comparison to male Hcps (n=3) and some Hcps (n=2) did not disclose. 45% of Hcps reported no assessment or procedures were in place for PWUNPS and views were predominately neutral towards PWUNPS and engagement experiences were deemed neutral. The phase 2, (n=14 ) semi-structured interviews results identified 5 common themes associated with Hcps experiences and responses toward PWUNPS including organisational issues, assessment, stigma, harm minimisation and a symptoms as contributing factors toward Hcps experiences surrounding the management of PWUNPS. Discussion/ Conclusions Hcps frequently meet PWUNPS across different HCSs presenting with various health-related co-morbidity. Organisational issues impacted the engagements, access and funding toward treating PWUNPS. HCSs need to integrate specific NPS trainings for Hcps across the different HCS sectors is recommended to reduce the harms associated with NPS use. This study demonstrates the potential of implementing newer assessment, policy, and a Harm Minimisation approach toward PWUNPS across different HCSs
Barriers and facilitators towards deceased organ donation:a qualitative study among three major religious groups in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine the barriers and facilitators of the public toward deceased organ donation in Chandigarh, and Chennai, India, from three major religious groups, Hinduism, Islamism, and Christianity. Twenty-five focus groups were conducted (n = 87) stratified by study region, religion, sex, and age. Data were analysed using framework analysis. The results revealed that individuals were primarily willing to donate their organs. However, their religious views regarding death, after-life beliefs, funeral ritual practices, and lack of knowledge regarding their religion's position toward deceased organ donation created tension and ambiguity in the decision-making. However, younger age groups (18-30 years) appeared more open and positive toward deceased organ donation. The conclusion demands a clear need for religious leaders and stakeholders to address their religion's stance, which creates tension and ambiguity in any uncertainties surrounding cultural and religious-based views among the Indian population
Reviewing perceptions and attitudes towards the existing Misuse of Drugs Act 1971: public perceptions of drug legislation
Get PDFReviewing perceptions and attitudes towards the existing Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. PROSPERO 2024 CRD42024608647 The key aim of this systematic review is to explore the attitudes and perceptions of existing Misuse of Drugs Use Act (MDA, 1971) and consequences and policy implications
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