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A qualitative study exploring barriers and facilitators in deceased organ donation process among transplant coordinators in India
Get PDFAlthough India's organ donation rate is less than 1 per million population, significant disparities exist between the regions and centres within the country, leading to varying consent rates among different organ donation centres. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the experience of transplant coordinators and their barriers and facilitators in the deceased organ donation process across various organ donation centres in India. A phenomenological study using interviews was conducted among fourteen transplant coordinators purposefully recruited from public and private organ donation centres in India, with experience between six years and more than a decade. Audio recordings were transcribed and analysed using framework analysis. Five themes were identified namely: (1) supportive management policies, (2) infrastructure for the deceased organ donation process, (3) delays in the processing time, (4) active involvement in the identification process, and (5) explaining the concept of brain death. The study identifies that implementation priorities include strengthening teamwork, streamlining processes, optimising infrastructure for sensitive discussions, efficient donor identification, and empathetic handling of donor families' grief stages. Collaborating with law enforcement, applying successful medico-legal strategies, improving family communication, and clarifying brain death concepts ethically and legally can boost consent rates, fostering informed decisions and possibly achieving self-sufficiency in deceased organ donation
A bibliometric review of customer engagement in the international domain:reviewing the past and the present
Get PDFThis study addresses/examines how the conceptual structure of customer engagement in the international context has changed since its emergence. These layers of analysis will assist researchers to uncover the historical basis, and identify the changes in the knowledge structure of customer engagement research in the international business domain. Our bibliometric analysis included 151 customer engagement articles. We employed cluster visualization (VOS) along with text mining to classify the most important and informative research in customer engagement in the international context
Reimagining higher education: building the Informal Sofa Network - a flipped approach to widening participation student engagement
No full textWhile the flipped classroom model is expected to enhance the learning experience in the social sciences, its implementation requires careful consideration of various factors. Educators must critically evaluate whether flipped learning is consistent with their environment and student demographics, ensuring that it complements, rather than replaces, effective instructional practices. This chapter Reimagining Higher Education - Building the informal ‘Sofa Network’ - a flipped approach to teaching and learning, will explore how a new approach and proposed model based in ‘informal - unstructured learning opportunity’ could be adapted to enhance widening participation student experience and engagement
Factors influencing the integration of traditional medicine and mainstream medicine in mental health services in West Africa: a systematic review using narrative synthesis
Get PDFThis study explored the enablers and obstacles to the integration of traditional medicine and mainstream medicine in mental health services in West Africa. This study is a systematic review conducted in accordance with the relevant parts of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses. Keywords searches were done in databases, and other reference lists were also searched. The Rainbow model of integrated care and a thematic analysis framework were used to account for the factors influencing the integration of traditional medicine and mainstream medicine in mental health services in West Africa. A total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria after the evaluation of 6413 articles from databases and reference lists. The themes of: policy and implementation; different conceptualisation of mental health/referrals; trust issues, and education and training, were enablers or obstacles of integration depending on how they worked to facilitate or hinder integration. There was an indication of little integration of TM and MM at the macro, meso and micro levels in mental health services in West Africa. Though the study does cover all the West African states evenly, it is recommended that policy-makers and stakeholders interested in integration should ensure integration activities, especially policies, cut across all the levels of the rainbow model of integrated care and are planned and aligned at the macro, meso and micro levels instead of using ad hoc measures, informal initiatives or placing TM services in MM mental health services, which do not amount to integration
The basis for indigenous peoples’ rights in international investment agreements
No full textThis chapter discusses the absence and limitations of indigenous peoples’ free prior and informed consent (FPIC) and land and cultural rights in international investment agreements (IIAs), and will address in detail the rationale behind adopting an indigenous peoples’ rights methodology to assess international investment law rules. This methodology is a conceptual framework that is utilised in this chapter to examine the extent to which the rules of IIAs are coherent with the protection and promotion of indigenous peoples’ FPIC and land and cultural rights. At the most important level, it has been argued in this chapter that it is a prerequisite for the coherence of the international investment law system that it recognises indigenous peoples’ FPIC and land and cultural rights. This chapter will show how adopting an explicit indigenous peoples’ rights approach in the analysis of international investment law can increase and enhance indigenous peoples’ FPIC and land and cultural rights in the context of the international investment law system. Indigenous peoples’ rights approach in this context is a framework based on international law standards directed to protecting and promoting indigenous FPIC and land and cultural rights
Successful co-production can help tackle inequalities in maternal health outcomes
No full textThe experience from this project in an ethnically diverse socially disadvantaged community in England showed the power of co-production in fostering inclusivity, engagement, shared understanding and a fair balance of power while developing solutions to tackle maternal health inequalities. While co-production approaches are helpful in ensuring that women from ethnically diverse and socially disadvantaged backgrounds have a voice in their care to maximise positive health outcomes for themselves and their babies, the project demonstrated that the success of the approach depends on a number of factors both in the underlying ethos and the methodology
Acceptability of a remotely delivered sedentary behaviour intervention to improve sarcopenia and maintain independent living in older adults with frailty:a mixed-methods study
Get PDFBackground: Sarcopenia is a leading cause of functional decline, loss of independence, premature mortality, and frailty in older adults. Reducing and breaking up sedentary behaviour is associated with positive sarcopenia and frailty outcomes. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, engagement and experiences of a remotely delivered sedentary behaviour intervention to improve sarcopenia and independent living in older adults with frailty. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study. In-depth qualitative semi-structed interviews were conducted with a subset (N = 15) of participants with frailty (aged 74 ± 6 years) who had participated in the Frail-LESS (LEss Sitting and Sarcopenia in Frail older adults) intervention aimed at reducing sedentary behaviour. The interviews explored acceptability of the intervention overall and its individual components (a psychoeducation workbook, wrist-worn activity tracker, health coaching, online peer support and tailored feedback on sitting, standing and stepping). Process evaluation questionnaires with closed and scaled questions explored intervention engagement, fidelity and experiences. Results: Overall acceptability of the intervention was good with most participants perceiving the intervention to have supported them in reducing and/or breaking up their sedentary behaviour. The wrist-worn activity tracker and health coaching appeared to be the most acceptable and useful components, with high levels of engagement. There was attendance at 104 of 150 health coaching sessions offered and 92% of participants reported using the wrist-worn activity tracker. There was a mixed response regarding acceptability of, and engagement with, the psychoeducation workbook, tailored feedback, and online peer support. Conclusions: The Frail-LESS intervention had good levels of acceptability and engagement for some components. The findings of the study can inform modifications to the intervention to optimise acceptability and engagement in a future definitive randomised controlled trial. Trial registration: The trial was registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN17158017).</p
Video-conferencing speaking tests: an investigation of context validity related to test administration
Get PDFFace-to-face speaking assessment provides the benefit of eliciting a broad interactional construct, but at the cost of being logistically complex, resource-intensive and difficult to manage. Advances in video-conferencing (VC) technology now make it possible to engage in online interaction more successfully than previously, thus reducing dependence upon physical proximity between the examiner-interlocutor and the candidate(s). It is therefore not surprising that such technology is seen as a valuable assessment tool in geographically remote and politically unstable areas of the world, or indeed in contexts affected by the social distancing required during the recent Covid-19 pandemic. However, the administrative conditions under which the test takes place, one of the key contextual parameters of the VC-delivered test, , is often overlooked, despite its potentially significant influence on candidates’ performance and therefore overall test validity (Weir 2005). In this chapter, we report on investigations into administrative features of a VC-delivered high-stakes speaking test, including aspects of examiner behaviour and the effectiveness of examiner training for the VC test delivery. The chapter ends with a discussion of how administrative settings and the management of speaking tests play a key role in ensuring the context validity of VC speaking tests. It also offers suggestions for the operationalisation of a VC IELTS Speaking test, as well as broader implications for test administration and examiner training in other VC tests
An investigation of malware and the systems used to detect and identify malware
No full textNumerous malware has studied and fortifications throughout decades. New research shows that hazardous software is being created quickly. Frequent network and Internet use spreads and improves this software. To enhance computer security, researchers and manufacturers are developing effective anti-malware programs. This article thoroughly discusses malware infestation and anti-malware software advances. Thus, it gives the current malware system developer detection reference.</p
QCF-YOLO:a lightweight model of surface defect detection for quick-connect fittings
No full textIn response to the current enterprise needs for edge deployment of defect detection models within the "Cloud-Edge-Device Collaborative Architecture"and the challenge of low detection accuracy for minor defects in quick-connect fittings (QCFs), this article proposes an intelligent lightweight detection model for QCF defects based on YOLOv8 (QCF-YOLO). First, we replace the standard convolution and CSP bottleneck with two convolutions-fast (C2f) modules in the backbone network with GhostConv and C3Ghost modules, and reducing the number of channels in the Neck network. This modification effectively decreases the model's parameter size, facilitating deployment on embedded devices. Second, to counteract accuracy loss from reducing parameter size, we incorporate DySample in the feature fusion network. This operator effectively restores detailed information in low-resolution maps, boosting feature expression capability. Additionally, to enhance the detection accuracy of minor defects, we introduce a P2 small target detection head in the detection component, which can capture more details, to improve detection accuracy for minor defects. Finally, we have established a defect detection experimental platform for QCFs to evaluate the feasibility of model deployment. Compared to other mainstream detection models, the proposed QCF-YOLO model demonstrates advantages in high precision, low parameter size, and rapid detection speed, achieving a mean average precision (mAP) of up to 95.5%, a model parameter size of only 1.187 M, and a frame rate of up to 69.8 frames/s. This model effectively meets the real-time detection requirements of enterprises and is deployed on the NVIDIA Jetson TX2 development board to prepare for the construction of a cloud-side collaborative architecture.</p
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