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Kerogen-rich shales and coals: Key drivers of microbial life and carbon cycling in the deep biosphere
No full textDNA sequence data of DNA from kerogens after microbial enrichment. These data are for sequences of bacteria inhabiting laboratory microcosms of kerogens inoculated with a lab culture. They are sequences associated with incoulation of four primary kerogen types
Supporting data for "On the role of speech similarity in the detection of room acoustic differences"
No full textDataset supporting the study: McKenzie, T., Meyer-Kahlen, N., Schlecht S. J., "On the role of speech similarity in the detection of room acoustic differences", submitted to the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2025 The dataset includes: Binaural Room Impulse Responses (BRIRs) used in the experiment as sofa files. They can be loaded for example with sofar Used diffuse field equalization filter (kemarDiffEq.mat) Examples of listening test stimuli, created using source signals from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15034732. In the examples, a triplet "A," "B," and "C" would occur in one trial of the experiment. SS denotes "same speaker, same sentence," SD denotes "same speaker, different sentence," and DD stands for "different speaker, different sentence."Meyer-Kahlen, N., McKenzie, T., & Schlecht, S. J. (2025). Supporting data for "On the role of speech similarity in the detection of room acoustic differences" [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1551762
Breakpoint phenological responses in high-Arctic arthropods
No full textMany arthropod species show earlier seasonal activity trends with warming, but these responses cannot continue indefinitely. Beyond a threshold, phenological responses may no longer keep pace with climate change. While many studies estimate linear phenological responses to climate, few test for breakpoint responses. Here, across a 28-year time series, we examined linear and breakpoint responses to temperature and snowmelt across 15 arthropod taxa in seven plots from high-Arctic Greenland, a region experiencing pronounced warming. Our meta-analysis revealed support for a breakpoint response in two of six phenological driver and event combinations. This breakpoint response was found in the onset and peak of activity to the timing of snowmelt, where activity advanced with snowmelt until a threshold, after which the relationship levelled off. While we also found a breakpoint response in peak phenology to temperature, this disappeared when controlling for snowmelt in the model, underscoring the importance of considering multiple environmental cues to prevent incorrect inferences about plasticity limits. Most responses did not show evidence of a breakpoint in phenological response, and instead showed consistent phenological sensitivity to environmental cues across our study period. Our findings point to a need for a wider assessment of the prevalence of breakpoint phenological responses to climate change.Gerlich, Hannah Sørine; Holmstrup, Martin; Schmidt, Niels M. et al. (2025). Breakpoint phenological responses in high-Arctic arthropods [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8gtht770
The U2H map explains the effect of (sub)mesoscale currents on significant wave height statistics
Get PDFCurrents modulate the energy of surface gravity waves, leading to spatial inhomogeneities in significant wave height (SWH). Previous work indicates that the overall scale of the inhomogeneities is set by the scale of the currents, that the inhomogeneities are strongly anisotropic even for isotropic currents, and that the rotational and divergent components of the currents have sharply distinct effects. We explain these and other features of current-induced SWH inhomogeneities using the U2H map, a linear relation between SWH and currents deduced from wave-action conservation by making simplifying assumptions. We obtain a linear law relating the spectrum of SWH to the spectra of rotational and divergent kinetic energy of the current. This makes it possible to relate SWH statistics (such as variance and anisotropy) to the current statistics and wave properties including directional spreading
Community perspectives on health system responses and recovery efforts in the war-affected areas of Ukraine:Voices from the front line
Get PDFIncorporating communities’ views in health system recovery helps to ensure that related efforts are relevant, effective and sustainable. Based on a series of semi-structured qualitative interviews and focus group discussions, this report presents evidence of the views of people living and working close to the front line in Ukraine (in the Kherson, Mykolaiv and Zaporizhzhia oblasts) and of internally displaced persons (in the Dnipro, Mykolaiv and Poltava oblasts) in relation to their experiences of, and aspirations for, health system recovery
Adverse childhood experiences predict treatment drop out in adolescents and young adults with eating disorders
Get PDFObjective: Childhood adversity is associated with elevated risk of developing an eating disorder. The objective of the current study was to examine whether different types of childhood adversity, such as parental separation or abuse exposure, predicted treatment completion in a sample of adolescents and young adults with eating disorders. Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted at an eating disorders clinic in Calgary, Canada. Childhood adversity was measured using the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) scale. Eating disorders diagnoses were determined by physicians following a comprehensive assessment. Logistic regressions were performed with ACEs as predictors of likelihood to complete treatment and including diagnoses and age as covariates. Results: Data were analyzed for 128 patients aged 11–24. Higher ACE scores were associated with a reduced likelihood of completing treatment before and after adjusting for diagnosis and age (adjusted odds ratio = 0.76). Examining individual ACE items, people were less likely to complete treatment if they were exposed to verbal abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect, or if they witnessed intimate partner violence or substance abuse in the home. However, after adjusting for diagnosis, age, and other ACE exposures, no individual ACE was an independent predictor of treatment completion. Discussion: This study suggests that ACE exposure increases youth attrition from eating disorders treatment in a stepwise manner. Treatment programs for youth with eating disorders should focus additional effort on early intervention for youth who have dealt with childhood adversities, potentially by implementing trauma-informed practice into assessments and treatment.</p
Investigating the role of three screening measures to support clinical decision-making in adult autism assessments
Get PDFReferrals for autism diagnostic assessments in adults are increasing, with demand creating long waiting lists. Rigorously evaluated screening tools could serve to identify who is most likely to receive an autism diagnosis and contribute to clinical decision-making. We retrospectively examined individuals attending a specialist diagnostic assessment service in the UK over four years (2011-2014). Complete data on three screening measures were available for N = 422 referrals. These were the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test-Relatives' Questionnaire (CAST-RQ). 89% (n = 376) received an autism diagnosis. Positive screens on all three measures had a 98.3% likelihood of receiving an autism diagnosis, confirming findings from an independent clinic sample. We also examined the AQ subscale scores to establish their association with diagnostic outcome. While all people accepted onto the diagnostic assessment pathway should be offered an assessment, people who meet all three cut-offs could be offered a briefer assessment given the high likelihood that an autism diagnosis will be confirmed. Such triaging may lead to more efficient use of clinic time allowing referred individuals to be seen more quickly
The relationship between duration of untreated symptoms and clinical outcomes in first episode eating disorders
Get PDFThe relationship between duration of untreated symptoms and clinical outcomes in eating disorders (EDs) is not fully understood. We explored whether the duration of prodrome (DOP) or duration of untreated eating disorder (DUED) impacts clinical outcomes. Emerging adults (N = 236) aged 16–25 years, with an early-stage ED were recruited at the outset of treatment, completing a semi-structured interview to establish DOP and DUED. Clinical outcomes were measured at baseline and 12-months. DUED was positively correlated with binge eating (rs = .236, p < .001) and vomiting (rs = .131, p = .047) at baseline, and negatively correlated with BMI for anorexia nervosa at follow-up (rs [58] = -.26, p = .038). After subsequent regression analysis, the only significant finding was DUED as a predictor of the presence of binge eating at baseline. Future studies should examine symptom duration in more diverse samples.</p
The association of the rumen virome with methane emissions in dairy cattle
Get PDFEnteric methane production in ruminants is a major environmental concern, yet its association with the ruminal virome remains largely unexplored. Here, we conduct a bioinformatic analysis on previously published ruminal metagenomes from 448 Holstein cows to investigate the virome and its association with methane production. We identify 8933 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), including bacteriophages, archaeophages, megaviruses, and virophages. Differences between high- and low-emitting cows are observed. Low emitters show greater abundance (mean log-FC = 0.72, Padj ≤ 0.049) of some vOTUs infecting bacteria like Prevotella, whereas greater abundance (mean log-FC = 0.70, Padj ≤ 0.047) of archaeophages and megaviruses infecting Methanobrevibacter, ciliates, and fungi, all microorganisms linked to methane production, are observed in high emitters. Associations between viruses and microorganisms might suggest viruses influence methane emissions by modulating key microbial populations. Although mechanisms remain unclear, rumen viruses could serve as biomarkers for selecting low-emission animals or developing microbial interventions.</p
Genetic and Molecular Regulation of Beak Tip (Rhinotheca) Shape in Layer Hens
No full text## Access ## This dataset is held in the Edinburgh DataVault, directly accessible only to authorised University of Edinburgh staff. External users may request access to a copy of the data by contacting the Principal Investigator, Contact Person or Data Manager named on this page. University of Edinburgh users who wish to have direct access should consult the information about retrieving data from the DataVault at: https://www.ed.ac.uk/is/research-support/datavault.This DataVault contains primary datasets and analyses related to BBSRC Response Mode grant BB/X015904/1. The objectives of this project are: Objective 1. Establish two breeding groups of pure line layer hens with opposing beak shapes to use for embryo production and investigation. Objective 2. Identify the tissue, progenitor, and molecular landscapes of the rhinotheca during in ovo development. Objective 3. Establish an in vitro model of beak development through propagation and manipulation of keratinocyte-like cells that are derived from chicken primordial germ cells
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