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Phonological change of vowel length in Farsi
Get PDFThere are six vowels in the modern Farsi. Generally it is claimed that vowel length is not a phonemic characteristic in this language. On the other hand, many of the researchers show that the deletion of glottal consonants in the coda cluster is followed by a compensatory lengthening in Farsi. The purpose of this paper is to analyze minimal pairs having contrast only in vowel length. Forty words were collected for this purpose. These words are arranged into monosyllabous minimal pairs. It\u27s argued that glottal consonants are analogically deleted in coda. This phonetic process causes vowel lengthening. Hereby, many words are equally except of their vowel length. This leads to the existence of minimal pairs with different vowel length. Conclusion is that vowels are under progressing change and probably vowel length will be one of the phonemic features of the vowels in Farsi
Understanding Terrorism in the context of Global Security
Get PDFTerrorism being a complex phenomenon, is an alarming kind of violence, threat, a method to combat or a strategy to achieve certain goals aiming to induce a state of fear in the victim, which is ruthless and does not confirm to humanitarian norms where publicity becomes an essential factor in the terrorist strategy indulging killing of innocent and destruction of much valuable property thereby creating wide panic and gripping the remotest part of the world. Thus, the fight against terrorism has not only become a primordial concern for all the nations but also for research study in the context of global security under the impact of globalization
Business Process Reengineering and Organizational Structure: – A Case Study of Indian Commercial Banks
Get PDFBusiness Process Reengineering is an innovative technique which is used to induce the radical change in the organization set up. The goal of the technique is to achieve an optimum level of effectiveness and efficiency. The paper strives to study the relationship between BPR and Organizational Structure with special reference to State Bank of India. For the said purpose a sample of 250 employees was chosen randomly from various branches of SBI with J&K State. A self designed instrument was used to collect data from the respondents. The data was analyzed by using Correlation, t-test and regression analysis. The results reveal that there exists a significant relationship between BPR and OS. Also, the modified OS after implementing BPR is more effective and competitive
Rural Green Marketing: Challenges and Opportunities in India
Get PDFThis study has been conducted on the basis of green marketing challenges and opportunities in rural India. Even though no consumer product has a zero effect on the environment in production the requisites green product and environmental product are used commonly to depict those that attempt to save from harm or improve the natural environment by conserving energy and/or resources and sinking or eliminating use of toxic agents, pollution, and waste .Green marketing is the marketing of products or services that are hypothetically supposed to be environmentally safe. This thought has enabled for the re-marketing and packaging of existing products which formerly based to such strategy. Moreover, the development of Green marketing has opened the door of opportunity for companies to co-brand their products into divide line, lauding the green-friendliness of some while ignoring that of others. Such Marketing process will be explained as a direct result run in the minds of the Rural Consumer. As a result of this markets have increased their rate of positioning and targeting of rural consumers who are nervous about the environment. These same consumers through their anxiety are developing in integrating environmental issues into their purchasing decisions through their combination into the process and satisfied of the marketing strategy for whatever product may be required for rural consumers. This paper explains how markets have enlarged their opportunities of green marketing in rural India and why companies are adopting future of green marketing. This paper identifies challenges which are important to keep away from green marketing myopia and explain the innovative technique of green marketing in rural India
AMERICA FOR THE EUROPEAN: A study of Kafka’s novel Amerika
Get PDFMy article has tried to present a deep study of the novel Amerika, written by the Prague born writer, Franz Kafka, this being the first of the three novels that this novelist, belonging to the period of the Hitler regime, wrote. Therefore being helplessly relegated to the margin was an idea that was extremely familiar for this Jewish writer who died early due to tuberculosis. The article takes up the issue of marginality and assimilation as it traces closely, the experiences of a very young, and initially naïve protagonist, in the alien continent\country- America. Also examined in the article is the idea of menace which the protagonist sometimes encounters. I have also tried to probe into the psychology of a character, which has been thrown, unprepared, into a new world, that too by way of punishment
Re-discovering English as an Oriental weapon in post independent India: Chutneyfication of the western tongue through textual and verbal discourses
Get PDFIn the contemporary era, English language performs a crucial role in global transformation and exchange. Diversification and modification of the language has not only diminished the age-old occidental/oriental dichotomies but has caused a complete erasure of the cartographical divisions of nation-state across the world. This language through a continuous process of colonial and marketing exchanges has become the primary source of universal contact. The acceptance and impact of English varies from nation to nation. English may have been introduced as a formal communicative procedure in Europe, but in the continents of Africa, Asia, America or Australia the language was introduced as a powerful colonial discourse and it is still flourishing as a neo-imperialistic discourse in several countries. This paper highlights the function of English in post-independent India, imploring the gradual transcendence of the language from mere colonialism to globalism. The language has been re-explored and re-discovered as an anti-colonial weapon to escape from the colonial shadow and establish universally distinct language identity. Most fascinating aspect about India is that English has been mimicked and molded on the basis of distinctive language communities spread across different states. Indianized version of English is not a centrally complete concept, but exists through its regional differences. Shedding its capitalist and colonialist identity, today English has emerged as a successful anti-colonial weapon in India to encounter all forms of imperialism or neo-imperialism
The Reception of Classical Persian Poetry in Anglophone World: Problems and Solutions
Get PDFThe impact of Persian literature on world culture and literature is undeniable. Persian poets such as Firdowsi, Sa’di, Hafiz, Rumi and Khayyam who deal with universal themes beyond a particular place and time are among the most widely-known literary figures of the world; their works are translated into different languages. Despite the fact that there are different translations of Persian literature in English, it is still not clear whether Persian literature has gained its appropriate place in the world. We study the reception of Persian literature in general and classical Persian poetry in particular in Britain and The United States to see whether it is rightly introduced to these countries or not. A close study of the reception of Persian poetry in Anglophone world in general and in Britain and The United States in particular reveals that while Persian literature is introduced and taught in these countries, it is still far from being truly known there. Those who have been familiar with Persian literature have mainly known it through translations by western scholars, and this has led to problems and misconceptions. As Edward Said argues in Orientalism, the orient is never truly depicted by the west. The best way would be to have Persian scholars of English literature translate Persian works into English
FACTORS INFLUENCING E-CRM IN AIRLINES IN J& K
Get PDFToday every organisation is acting in a dynamic environment and in a world characterised by turbulent change and fierce competition due to technological advancement and the knowledge based economy, an organization must always ready to adapt and transform themselves so as to be able to confront the shifting needs of the new environment, more demanding customers, smarter workers, anticipating ability to changes, accelerating the development of new products, processes and services, changing technologies and customer expectations, businesses have realised the importance of Customer Relationship Management in acquiring new customers, retain existing ones and maximize their lifetime value. The wide spread availability of the internet across the world has led airlines to use their corporate web-sites to bypass travel intermediaries and focus on online communication, information and transaction. The paper considers five dimensions of Web site quality-usability, web site design, service quality, information quality and enjoyment on a sample of 150 respondents from four airlines namely, Air India, Spicejet, Indigo and Jet Airways. Respondents consisted of 40 employed, 80 business men and 30 students. Overall, the majority of respondents are frequent, experienced Internet users and likely to be relatively good judges of Web quality. Analysis of results shows that customers priority about airlines website are changing. As the self-service, no-frills and low-cost trend for air travel has grown in recent years, so consumers have been driven less by service quality and more by easy access to good information packaged in an entertaining and fun "wrapper\u27. More over the airlines have pursued different strategies for their Web sites over the period of study .Air India rated badly for service quality and Jet Airways and Spice jet scored high on service and information quality. The paper suggests that careful management and selection of subjects to be placed on web site can retain the customers and reduce switching intentions
Alternating the Paradigm of Oblivion? Oil and the 21st Century Scramble for Africa
Get PDFIt is axiomatic that Africa is presently the epicenter of the 21st century scramble by extra-continental powers; which are being celebrated for, in one way or the other, assisting Africa out of oblivion in global affairs, particularly after the Cold War. The major reason for this act being the extra-African desires for some bits of the mineral resources with which the continent is endowed and the continent’s market. This experience is already making the continent to feel extra-important in and/or to global politics, thus acting like a pigmy that thinks himself a giant. Without much ado, oil is at the front burner of the current scramble; and extant literature has claimed that the deepening presence and interests of extra-regional powers portend good omen for the continent. As such, there are claims that certain African units are witnessing about 7% GDP growth on annual basis. Beyond this however, are certain nefarious happenings, which to a large extent, are the concomitants of or are deepened by the 21st century scramble for Africa. In view of this, the study seeks to understand the prevailing groundswell of anomie before the current scramble; analyse the scramble so as to expose the hidden menu of desires, both of the major powers and their multinational companies; and to investigate the unfolding attendants that are entrenching Africa’s feet in the quagmire of crisis
Internet usage in Social Science Research: A Study of University of Kashmir (J&K)
Get PDFThe internet considered as the electronic mobile library in cyberspace provides an almost universal infrastructure for accessing the information with almost global reach. The statistics reveal that most Internet users in India are aged between 15 -34 years; thus this age group encompasses Indian higher education students who are normally of ages between 19 and 34 years. Internet and online communication have proliferated since the early 1990’s and the positive implications of this achievement are clearly witnessed in the field of research. Internet is being brought into more and more usage by researchers and it plays indispensable role in the scientific world. Advances in computer technology have enabled the Internet to serve as a platform not merely to seek information, but also to exchange ideas and knowledge with other users, and obtain expert opinions via email, teleconferencing, chatting and other avenues. Internet also plays a significant role in the presentation and publication of research. In the process of data collection, internet proves more economical in terms of time and money and it can reach large stock of population very easily no matter at what distance people are surfing the internet.
The present study was conducted at University of Kashmir in the State of Jammu and Kashmir where from a sample of 100 research scholars was selected through random sampling method from different departments in the faculty of social sciences. Surveys were conducted to get information by in-depth interviews/discussions, focus group discussions, questionnaires and observations. The variables selected were use of internet, frequency of internet use, place of internet access, purpose of using internet and impact of internet on research