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PLA2G4E: Bridging Synaptic Function, Brain Maturation, and Neurological Disorders with Potential Resilience in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment
No full textAlzheimers disease (AD) is the primary cause of dementia in the rapidly growing elderly population, thereby posing a significant healthcare challenge. Indeed, despite of the recent approval of new drugs, to date AD has no curative treatment. In response to this problem, the investigation on an alternative therapeutic approach, focused on protective factors against AD, is gaining ground. Consequently, the identification of the genetic and environmental basis of cognitive resilience provides the opportunity not only to unveiling the mechanisms underlying this disease but also and most important, to identify innovative therapeutic strategies.
In this context, we evaluated the efficacy of two therapeutic interventions based on a lifestyle modification and a genetic protective factor. Specifically, on one side we demonstrated that the dietary DHA supplementation is capable of generating beneficial, albeit modest, effects in a preclinical AD model. On the other hand, we validated that a gene therapy involving PLA2G4E completely restores normal cognition in a 3rd generation AD mouse model. We then proceeded to delve into the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of PLA2G4E. We explored the role of this enzyme in neuronal and brain development by describing its physiological expression in both in vitro and in vivo models. We found that its peak expression is required during the critical period for synaptogenesis. Moreover, we assessed the effects of inhibiting PLA2G4E demonstrating that a reduction in dendritic arborization and spine density, ultimately affecting
neuronal function in vitro. On the other hand, complete knockout mice lacking PLA2G4E exhibited relevant behavioral alterations, particularly in memory function. These deficits were successfully reversed by overexpressing this enzyme, furtherly supporting the efficacy of a PLA2G4E-based gene therapy and expanding its potential to all neurological disorders coursing with synaptic degeneration
Química Farmacéutica I. Antibióticos. Parte 1, reacción 2: Síntesis de la quinolina. Procedimiento sintético
No full textTemas de la Asignatura Química Farmacéutica I de 3º de Farmacia
La formación académica de las enfermeras que desarrollan roles de práctica avanzada
No full textLa profesión enfermera, sin perder su esencia, está en continua evolución para poder afrontar y responder a los retos de salud de la población, en constante cambio. La enfermera de práctica avanzada (EPA) es un claro ejemplo de este desarrollo. El desempeño de roles avanzados conlleva una mayor responsabilidad, expansión y profundidad de la práctica enfermera, lo cual solo es posible con una formación adicional al grado (un máster o doctorado en enfermería) y una mayor pericia en la práctica clínica, en un área de especialización concreta.
La EPA esta intrínsecamente ligada al nivel de educación, es decir, un mayor desarrollo académico de la enfermera promueve el avance de una práctica autónoma.
Este artículo aborda la formación de las enfermeras de práctica avanzada y se centra en sus aspectos nucleares; proporcionando información detallada sobre las competencias, la estructura curricular, el plan de estudios y los componentes claves de los programas de formación. Finalmente, se hace una mención especial a la formación de roles avanzados en el ámbito de los cuidados críticos.The nursing profession, without losing its essence, is in continuous evolution in order to face and respond to the ever-changing health challenges of the population. Advanced Practice Nursing is a clear example of this development. The performance of advanced practice roles entails greater responsibility, expansion and depth of nursing practice, which is only possible with additional education beyond the bachelor's degree - a master's or doctoral degree in nursing - and greater expertise in clinical practice in a particular area of specialization.
Advanced practice nursing is intrinsically linked to the level of education since, further academic development of nursing promotes the advancement of autonomous practice. This article addresses the education of Advanced Practice Nurses, and focuses on its core aspects; providing detailed information on competencies, curricular structure, curriculum and key components of training programs. Finally, special mention is made of advanced role training in the critical care setting
Crecer en la Universidad. De la cualificación profesional al cultivo del carácter.
No full textEn el contexto español y de países que comparten su tradición cultural, es común considerar que la misión propia de la Universidad consiste en cualificar para el ejercicio de una profesión. Las titulaciones están diseñadas con esa finalidad. En la primera parte de este texto se plantea una reflexión crítica: se argumenta que el concepto de profesión suele reducirse a la capacidad técnica, olvidando que para ser un buen profesional también es necesario disponer de ciertas cualidades intelectuales y morales. Se propone, por ello, que la educación universitaria incluya tres dimensiones: técnica, intelectual y moral, de acuerdo con lo que recomiendan las investigaciones sobre el profesionalismo. En la segunda parte se presenta la dimensión vocacional que una profesión puede tener. Se argumenta que los estudiantes universitarios podrán descubrirla en la medida en que los propios profesores conciban su profesión como una vocación. Por último, se indica el modo en que una educación humanista contribuye a transformar la educación universitaria profesionalizante
Las primeras catedráticas de Universidad española (1953-1983)
No full textNúmero y prosopografía de las mujeres españolas que lograron sus cátedras universitarias desde 1953 (la primera) hasta 1983 (la última) durante la vigencia de la LOUE del gobierno franquista (1943)
Intervenciones de enfermería para mejorar la salud de adultos mayores con depresión.
No full textIntroducción: El 5,7 % de la población mayor de 60 años sufre depresión. La depresión se
caracteriza por episodios largos de tristeza absoluta, anhedonia seguido de problemas físicos y
emocionales, observable la mayor parte del día, al menos durante dos semanas. Las enfermeras,
por su cercanía con los pacientes, favorecen una valoración y diagnóstico precoz de síntomas.
Objetivo: Búsqueda de intervenciones de enfermería que mejoren la calidad de vida de los
ancianos mayores de 60 años con síntomas depresivos.
Metodología: Siguiendo una estructura de pregunta tipo PICo, se realizó una búsqueda de
literatura en PubMed, CINAHL y PsycINFO, estableciendo unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión
para la selección de artículos.
Resultados: Fueron incluidos un total de 21 artículos para la extracción de datos. Los resultados
fueron agrupados en cuatro áreas temáticas: Intervenciones para la salud y bienestar físico,
mental, emocional y social.
Conclusión: A través de la revisión se agrupan intervenciones de enfermería para la mejora del
bienestar y salud de ancianos destacando la autonomía de ABVD y terapias creativas. Esto abre
un nuevo área para el cuidado holístico y formación de enfermería. Se hace esencial mayor
investigación.Introduction: 5.7% of the population over the age of 60 suffer from depression. Depression is
characterised by prolonged episodes of absolute sadness, anhedonia followed by physical and
emotional problems, observable for most of the day, for at least two weeks. Nurses, due to their
closeness to the patients, favour an early assessment and diagnosis of symptoms.
Objective: To search for nursing interventions that improve the quality of life of older people over
60 years of age with depressive symptoms.
Methodology: Following a PICo type question structure, a literature search was conducted in
PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO, with inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of articles.
Results: A total of 21 articles were included for data extraction. The results were grouped into
four thematic areas: Interventions for physical, mental, emotional and social health and well-
being.
Conclusion: The review synthesises nursing interventions to improve of the well-being and
health of older people, highlighting ADL autonomy and creative therapies. This opens up a new
area of knowledge for holistic care and education. Further research is essential
Natural Selection, Scarcity and Evil: Reflections on the Fittingness of Evolution as a Divine Instrument of Creation
No full textIt is often claimed that our knowledge of the evolutionary process adds an extra dimension to the classical problem of natural evil and makes this problem worse. Especially the principle of natural selection is often portrayed as morally inappropriate or “unfitting” for a perfectly good God to use as a means for creating biological complexity. In this article, I argue that this common view is misconceived, and that natural selection is a wholly innocuous principle. The real source of evolutionary evils is the fact that resources in nature are scarce – a fact that was known long before Darwin. The problem of natural and evolutionary evil, therefore, is best construed as a question about why God permits scarcity in nature. I argue that recent research about the interrelation between competition and cooperation in the evolutionary process provides resources for answering this perennial question in a more satisfactory way than could be done before the advent of evolutionary theory
Extensiones de marcas de moda de lujo en el sector hospitalidad: El impacto de la creación de cafeterías y restaurantes en la percepción marca
No full textEsta tesis investiga cómo las marcas de moda de lujo expanden su oferta al sector de la
hospitalidad, especialmente a través de restaurantes y cafeterías. Se examinan las motivaciones
detrás de estas extensiones de marca y su impacto en la percepción y lealtad del consumidor hacia
la marca.
Para ello, la metodología incluye una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y un análisis
cuantitativo utilizando encuestas y herramientas estadísticas para analizar datos de una base de
consumidores diversa. El estudio muestra que estas marcas se adentran en la hospitalidad para
fortalecer la lealtad y las conexiones emocionales con los consumidores, además de diferenciarse
en un mercado competitivo. Sin embargo, el éxito de estas iniciativas depende en gran medida de
la capacidad de las marcas para mantener sus valores centrales de artesanía y exclusividad mientras
se integran en la industria de la hospitalidad. A pesar de la importancia de este fenómeno, existe
una notable falta de literatura específica sobre el tema, resaltando la relevancia de esta
investigación para llenar ese vacío en el conocimiento académico.
Los hallazgos clave revelan que las experiencias personales y la influencia social afectan
significativamente el comportamiento del consumidor hacia las extensiones de marca de lujo en la
hospitalidad. Estas no solo refuerzan la imagen de exclusividad y lujo de la marca, sino que
también fomentan una mayor lealtad hacia la misma y atraen nuevos segmentos de clientes. Sin
embargo, estas extensiones deben manejarse cuidadosamente para evitar la dilución de los valores
de exclusividad que definen a las marcas de lujo.This master’s thesis investigates how luxury fashion brands expand their offerings into the
hospitality sector, especially through restaurants and cafés. It examines the motivations behind
these brand extensions and their impact on consumer perception and brand loyalty.
To do so, the methodology includes a comprehensive literature review and quantitative
analysis using surveys and statistical tools to analyze data from a diverse consumer base. The study
shows that these brands venture into hospitality to strengthen loyalty and emotional connections
with consumers, as well as to differentiate themselves in a competitive market. However, the
success of these initiatives largely depends on the brands’ ability to maintain their core values of
craftsmanship and exclusivity while integrating into the hospitality industry. Despite the
significance of this phenomenon, there is a notable lack of specific literature on the subject,
highlighting the relevance of this research in filling that gap in academic knowledge.
Key findings reveal that personal experiences and social influence significantly affect
consumer behavior towards luxury brand extensions in hospitality. These not only enhance the
brand's image of exclusivity and luxury but also foster greater loyalty towards the brand and attract
new customer segments. However, these extensions must be managed carefully to avoid diluting
the exclusive values that define luxury brands
Development of a scale to gain insight into the experience of living with chronic heart failure: The UNAV-Experience of Living with Chronic Heart Failure Scale
No full textBackground. To date, there are no tools for the nursing staff to gain systematic insight on the experience lived by patients with chronic heart failure. The objective of this study was to develop a scale for this purpose. Methods. The study was conducted between January 2018 and December 2020 in three Spanish hospitals. The process described by DeVellis was used for the development of the scale. The items were built based on a phenomenological study and a systematic review of the literature. Next, feedback from a panel of experts was obtained, the scale was administered to a sample of patients with chronic heart failure, and a cognitive interview and an observational study were conducted to create the final version of the scale. Results. The first version of the scale had in seven domains and 76 items. After its evaluation by a panel of experts, it was reduced to a second version with six domains and 55 items. Following the administration of Version 2 to 17 patients (58.8% male, mean age 59.53, 70.6% classified as NYHA functional class II), five items were modified and two eliminated. Thus, the third version of the UNAV-CHF Experience Scale was composed of six domains and 53 items. Conclusions. This study presents the development of the UNAV-experience of living with chronic heart failure scale. It is an original and novel instrument that allows systematically explore this experience. A larger -scale study is necessary to confirm the validity of our scale