Tomas Bata University in Zlín
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The importance of accountability for knowledge sharing: The role of knowledge-oriented leadership
Get PDFThis study investigates the interaction of artifacts of accountability, perceived accountability, and knowledge sharing. We further examine the moderation of knowledge-oriented leadership in the relationship between perceived accountability and knowledge sharing. Data were collected from 345 sales employees from pharmaceutical organizations in Pakistan, and we used Smart PLS-SEM to test the model and the proposed hypotheses. The results suggest that identifiability, expectation evaluation, awareness of monitoring, and social presence awareness are positively related to perceived accountability, which leads to knowledge sharing. However, the results do not support the positive moderation of knowledge-oriented leadership in the relationship between perceived accountability and knowledge sharing; in fact, they suggest a negative moderation. This study contributes to accountability theory and contextual leadership theory by examining the interaction of contextual leadership and accountability in the context of knowledge sharing as a desired outcome. We argue that contextual leadership vague the existence of perceived accountability, and this is an important theoretical contribution that will help and guide scholars to conduct future research in order to take the knowledge level to an upper level. Furthermore, it is also useful for the organizational manager that how they can encourage knowledge sharing among employees using the information systems and the accountability concepts.Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University in Zlin funds [IGA/FaME/2022/008, IGA/FaME/2024/009
Effect of carbon black and curing system on rubber–metal interface strength of automotive components
Get PDFRubber-metal parts inside the car require rubber compounds capable of ensuring optimal function and maximum service life without interface delamination. From this perspective, the strength of the bond which is created by the chemical interaction of rubber and metal by an adhesive is decisive for ensuring the functionality of the entire compound. It is dependent not only on the choice of the right adhesive but also on the rubber compound ingredients and their amount. Here, the influence of different types of carbon blacks as well as different curing systems in combination with a commonly used adhesive is described. The durability of the metal-adhesive-rubber bond is characterized by a specially designed shear strength analysis under quasi-static loading, whereas a significant influence of the structure of the carbon black has shown. It has also been observed that the presence of monosulphidic bonds has a positive effect on the shear strength.National Technical Library in Prague; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT, (RP/CPS/2022/006)Ministerstvo Scaron;kolstv, Mldezcaron;e a Tecaron;lovchov
Polyester networks based on Tulipalin A and ε-caprolactone and activation of the Thioether groups by incorporation of trialkylsulfonium salts
No full textLinear and star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone-co-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) P(CL-co-MBL) copolyesters with a pendant functional double bond of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (MBL) comonomer were used as polymeric precursor for organo-gels formation. Crosslinking was carried out by light-initiated thia-Michael reaction using 1,5-pentanedithiol (PDT) and pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETK). Double bond conversion and the content of free thiol groups in the obtained networks was followed and rationally estimated using confocal Raman spectroscopy. The gel content and the crosslinking density varied based on MBL comonomer and crosslinker content and were highest for slight thiol to double bond excess (SH/vinyl; 2/1 molar ratio) while decreasing with further thiol excess. These parameters were more pronounced by the replacement of linear PDT with the star-shaped PETK crosslinker. The thermal and rheological properties investigation of the obtained materials was performed employing DSC, TGA and using frequency and temperature sweeps rheological measurements. Shear moduli in the range 0.14 up to 0.93 MPa were obtained due to different content of MBL in pre-polymer and crosslinker in network formation. The strength was caused by the crystalline phase of the PCL segments up to a temperature of 50°C. Formed thioether bond within the network were not reversible up to 150°C as it was found based on temperature sweep rheology. Following, the activation and conversion of thioether bonds within the obtained materials into trialkylsulfonium salts was attained through the alkylation using butyl brosylate. The dynamic nature of the transalkylation at elevated temperature 150°C allowed network rearrangement, which was proved by stress relaxation experiment and investigation of the self-healing capabilities.Slovenská Akadémia Vied, SAV; Ministerstvo školstva, vedy, výskumu a športu Slovenskej republiky; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; Vedecká Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR a SAV, VEGA, (2/0168/21); Agentúra na Podporu Výskumu a Vývoja, APVV, (APVV‐18‐0420); DKRVO, (RP/CPS/2022/003); European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST, (CA18220)European Regional Development Fund [313021 T081]; Slovak Academy of Sciences, ITMS; Research & Innovation Operational Program - ERDF [VEGA 2/0168/21]; Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic [APVV-18-0420]; APVV agency [RP/CPS/2022/003]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [CA18220]; COST Action FUR4Sustain-European network of FURan based chemicals and materials FOR a Sustainable development; COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology
The relationship between biases and entrepreneurial Decision-Making. Evidence from Italian and Czech SMEs
No full textThe present article analyzes how heuristic-driven biases (Overconfidence, Availability, and Anchoring) affect Entrepreneurial Decision Making (EDM) and identifies the role of SMEs in these relationships. Furthermore, it highlights the influence of organizational and contextual factors, which have rarely been investigated in the past. Employing a survey distributed to 316 entrepreneurs from SMEs in Italy and the Czech Republic, three separate regression models were constructed. These models aimed to investigate the impact of cognitive distortions on EDM and the influence of SME characteristics, such as the size or age of the company, in an intercultural context. The study addresses a gap in current research by going beyond individual and psychological aspects of decision-making. By focusing on organizational and contextual factors, it offers a more complete understanding of the influences on entrepreneurial decisions. The intercultural perspective, examining SMEs in both Italy and the Czech Republic, adds significant value to the study. As shown in the results, Overconfidence and Anchoring biases are likely to affect EDM in both Italian and Czech SMEs. Nationality does not play a role in these relationships, indicating its insignificance. On the other hand, the size and age of SMEs mitigate the influence of both biases on decision-making. The findings offer an in-depth comprehension of cognitive biases’ dynamics within EDM in SMEs, emphasizing the importance for organizations to factor in structural characteristics alongside the biases themselves when planning and managing their decision-making processes
Preparation of gold nanoparticles using polysaccharide dialdehydes and study of their catalytic activity
Get PDFGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) find application in various areas depending on their properties, shape and size distribution, which are mainly influenced by the preparation conditions. Moreover, due to the trend in recent years, toxic reducing and stabilizing agents are being abandoned during the synthesis of AuNPs, and alternative substances for one-pot green synthesis are being sought. Examples of such substances are polysaccharides, which are non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. In addition, they have the advantage that they can serve as reducing and stabilizing agents simultaneously during the reaction. Nevertheless, polysaccharides are structurally highly diverse compounds with a wide range of molecular weights and often non-stoichiometric composition. By selective oxidation of polysaccharides, these problems can be at least partially eliminated, and we can control the molecular weight, degree of oxidation and overall resulting properties of polysaccharides. Therefore, our work focused on preparing gold nanoparticles using the dialdehyde polysaccharides, specifically dialdehyde dextran (DADXA), dialdehyde hyaluronan (DAH), dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) and dialdehyde alginate (DAAL). After synthesis, the AuNPs were characterized, and their catalytic efficiency was tested on the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. According to the study, all samples were found to be suitable catalysts for this reaction, with the best results obtained for AuDADXA, with initial TOF 37.1 min-1 and k = 0.78 min-1,.Grantová Agentura České Republiky, GA ČR, (23-07361S); Tomas Bata University in Zlín, TBU, (IGA/CPS/2023/006)Czech Science Foundation [23-07361S]; Internal Grant Agency of TBU project [IGA/CPS/2023/006
A chemical interpretation for the post-reversion upturn in the natural rubber/accelerated sulfur system based on the viscoelastic properties and cross-link density measurements
Get PDFThe curing cycle of natural rubber (NR) with a conventional accelerated sulfur system (CV) generally exhibits three phases. The induction phase, the crosslinking phase, and the reversion phase. Prolonged curing of NR/CV system even at a temperature of 150 °C can show reversion. Many research reports are available in the literature with reference to the reversion behavior and the subsequent network modifications of natural rubber with accelerated sulfur. However, the literature regarding post-reversion curing behavior is scanty. This article describes the post-reversion upturn of natural rubber with a conventional accelerator sulfur system at a higher curing temperature. A network rebuilding after collapsing the initially formed network due to reversion was identified as the primary reason for the post-reversion upturn. The dynamic rheological testing capability of the Rubber Process Analyzer (RPA) was employed to characterize the network formed during curing, reversion and post-reversion phases. The cure-strain sweep data from the RPA indicated that the shear storage modulus (G′) of the broken network increased due to the post-reversion upturn. The chemical crosslink densities of the samples were also found to increase due to the upturn curing behavior. From these experimental results and the information conceived from the previous literature, two plausible mechanisms have been proposed to interpret the post-reversion upturn cure behavior.Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy, MŠMT; National Technical Library in Prague; DKRVO, (RP/CPS/2022/006)Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic; [-DKRVO (RP/CPS/2022/006)
Enduring inequality: Long-term trends and factors in participation in adult education and learning among older adults
Get PDFNon-formal adult education and learning (NAE) is widely recognized as enhancing the quality of life and promoting active aging. Despite the empirically demonstrated benefits, older adults rank among one of the populations participating the least in NAE. Although several studies have highlighted the negative effect of aging on involvement in NAE, factors causing long-term changes in participation have not been explored directly. As a result, the significance of microsocial characteristics and their transformation over time has been overlooked. This article explores key microsocial factors leading to non/participation in NAE among adults aged 50 to 69 years along with changes in these factors for the 14-year period of 2006 to 2019. The research was conducted using the Czech Republic's Labor Force Survey dataset (N = 114,345). The results show that all microsocial factors play an essential role in determining participation in NAE, thus a strong relationship between the social origins (cumulative disadvantage) of older adults and their participation was confirmed. In addition, the impact of most factors has proved consistent over time, not strengthening since 2009. One exception was level of education, which showed a rapid increase in participation in NAE in the respondents who identified themselves as low-educated
Проширивање УТАУТ модела како би се разумеле препреке дигитализацији МСП
No full textDigitalization has been identified as a core growth driver for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in this digital era. This study investigates the drivers and barriers aligned with the tendency of owner-managers of SMEs to adopt digitalization. A conceptual framework is developed that extends the unified theory of acceptance and technology (UTAUT) with an anxiety-digitalized environment as a moderating factor of SME owner-managers' intention to adopt digitalization. A quantitative methodology is used to gauge responses from 89 respondents (owner-managers). Additionally, the variance-based structural equation modelling approach (PLS-SEM) is used to analyse and validate the proposed model. Results show that attitude positively mediates the relationship between performance expectancy and intention to adopt digitalization. However, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions were found to negatively influence attitude and intention to adopt digitalization. On the contrary, the results obtained did not confirm the significance of an anxiety-digitalized environment in moderation analyses. Consequently, the overall structural model accounted for 51.1% of the variance in the intention to adopt digitalization among SMEs. This study has theoretically and practically contributed to understanding owner-managers' intent to adopt digitalization of SMEs in the Czech Republic.5-6 /2021-23/FaME/003; G A / F a M E / 2 0 2 0 / 0 0 7, IGA/FaME/2021/003Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University -Czech Republic; [MVF - SG- 22110036]; [5-6/2021-23/FaME/003]; [IGA/FaME/2 0 2 0/0 0 7; IGA/FaME/2021/003
Metrological evaluation of heterogeneous surfaces obtained by water jet cutting technology using artificial intelligence elements
Get PDFThis paper deals with the design and construction of a neural network for predicting the results of roughness parameters for heterogeneous surfaces. At the same time, it demonstrates that other statistical methods, especially regression analysis, fail in this respect, and their results cannot be used reliably. The samples produced using waterjet cutting were used to obtain the necessary data for constructing the neural network. Its heterogeneity characterizes this surface. This paper describes these samples, the parameters of their creation, the laboratory measurements, the complete construction of the neural network and the subsequent comparison of the results with regression functions. This paper aims to design a functional neural network that will best describe the roughness pattern of the surface under study. This neural network will predict this waveform based on the input variables and prove that this advanced statistical method completely exceeds the capabilities and predictive value of conventional regression analyses. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Supply chain risk management in dairy industry of the Czech Republic
Get PDFFood production is one of the key sectors of the food industry in the Czech Republic and the European Union. Its direct link to the primary agricultural sector is also crucial, from which it takes inputs, which it further processes and markets. A necessary condition for this process is the quality and safety of the commodity produced. The businesses must demonstrate food quality and safety through an effective system of traceability and traceability of these criteria. These conditions significantly affect aspects of production and logistics. The paper is focused on the dairy industry. This industry forms an essential part of the entire agri-food chain. Processes in enterprises of this type are specified in that several regulations affect production and logistics operations. Raw materials and products are perishable. On the other hand, the customer expects a quality and safe product at the right time. The paper's main aim was the identification of risks in individual phases of the dairy industry logistics processes. The area of purchasing, production, and the transport was examined in particular. The secondary aim was to expand theoretical knowledge of dairy management. Expert studies and scientific articles in this area are insufficient.[RVO/FLKR/2021/03]; [RVO/FLKR/2022/04