Tomas Bata University in Zlín
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Experimental study of the bending behaviour of the neovius porous structure made additively from aluminium alloy
Get PDFPorous materials bring components not only direct advantages in the form of lightening of constructions, saving of production materials, or improvement of physical properties, but also secondary advantages, which are manifested as a result of their daily use, e.g., in aviation and the automotive industry, which is manifested in saving fuel and, thus, environmental protection. The aim of this article is to examine the influence of the volume ratio of a complex porous structure, the so-called Neovius, on bending properties. Samples with five different relative weights of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 50% (+/- 1%) were fabricated from AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy by Direct Laser Metal Sintering (DLMS) technology. A three-point bending test until specimen failure was performed at ambient temperature on a Zwick/Roell 1456 universal testing machine. The dependences of the bending forces on the deflection were recorded. The maximum stresses, energy absorption, and ductility indexes were calculated to compare the bending behavior of beams filled with this type of complex cellular structure. The results showed that Neovius, with a relative weight of 50%, was much more brittle compared to the other samples, while the Neovius structure, with a relative weight of 30%, appeared to be the most suitable structure for bent components among those tested. This study is a contribution not only to the development of the space and aviation industry but also to the expansion of the knowledge base in the field of material sciences. This know-how can also provide a basis for defining boundary conditions in the simulation of behavior and numerical analyses of 3D-printed lightweight components.Ministry of Education, MOE; Ministerstvo školstva, vedy, výskumu a športu Slovenskej republiky: APVV-19-0550; Kultúrna a Edukacná Grantová Agentúra MŠVVaŠ SR, KEGA: 005TUKE-4/2021, 032TUKE-4/2022, SK-CN-21-0046Ministry of education, science, research and sport of the Slovak Republic [APVV-19-0550, KEGA 005TUKE-4/2021]; [KEGA 032TUKE-4/2022]; [SK-CN-21-0046
Key motivational factors behind Asian immigrant entrepreneurship: A causal relationship analysis employing the DEMATEL approach for Germany
Get PDFResearch background:Immigrant entrepreneurship remains a key issue for researchers, politicians, and policymakers. It has been widely discussed from different angles among various researchers in recent studies — particularly in Europe. However, there is a lack of studies to present the motivation of the causal relationship between immigrant entrepreneurs.
Purpose of the article: This study aims to fill the gap and analyze the causal relationship between the motivations of Asian immigrant entrepreneurs in Germany.
Methods: The study was conducted through a face-to-face interview using a predesigned questionnaire from Asian business owners in Germany and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach was applied to analyze the data.
Findings & value added: The results show that capital acquisition, employment, financial problems in the family, and existence opportunities in the market are the factors that have higher priority, and may highly impact the Asian immigrant entrepreneurial decision. On the other hand, relatives or social networks remain the lowest priority factor that encourages Asian immigrants towards self-employment. The study has also found that entrepreneurship in the family, the state support policy for immigrants, low level of education, unfamiliarity with the local language, and dissatisfaction with the previous job belong to the cause group. However, some of the motivating factors relate to the effect group, such as capital acquisition, opportunity in the market, immigrant community ties or social networks, unemployment, and financial problems in the family. The most affected factor among the effect group is unem-ployment, while immigrant community ties or social network is the least affected factor. This study includes a novel interpretation of the DEMATEL approach that researchers have not yet addressed; therefore, it is highly relevant for policymakers, especially those interested in migration studies. Finding out the main driving forces behind Asian immigrant entrepreneurs in a developed European nation like Germany and how these drivers affect cause-and-effect interactions between them are the contributions that add value to the field
Wpływ ratingów aplikacji bankowości mobilnej na dochody z usług bankowych w Wietnamie
No full textBased on the relationship between fintech and bank performance and the role of mobile ap- plications in bank operations, we investigate the impact of mobile banking application (MBA) ratings on bank service income. The quarterly data from the 15 biggest Vietnamese commer- cial banks in 2019-2020 were extracted from the public financial statements and the Google Play Store. The Generalized Least Squares method is applied to process the proposed regression models. We find a positive impact of MBA ratings on bank service income. We additionally ex- plore the MBA quality of a large bank that does not meet customer expectations and how the in- teraction between MBA ratings and leverage harms bank service income. Finally, users gener- ally appreciate the MBA quality, and COVID-19 does not affect the link between MBA ratings and bank service income. The study provides novel knowledge on customer behavior through MBA ratings and their effect on bank service income in an emerging country.[IGA/FaME/2022/001
How service operations, perceived benefit, and psychological ownership enhance customer retention in retail - evidence in Vietnam supermarkets
Get PDFIn a world with enormous opportunities and challenges from the 4.0 revolution and the lingering COVID-19 pandemic, customer retention is more important than ever for retailers. While marketing and advertising can be more or less limited during the pandemic, retailers pay more attention to the supply and service operations of products as salvage to satisfy the essential demands of customers. However, few scholars discuss the effects of service operations on customer retention in retail because it is lower consumer awareness and challenging to measure accurately and adequately. Therefore, with the foundation of commitment-trust theory, this study examines service operations' direct and indirect effects on customer retention through perceived benefit in omnichannel retailers. Simultaneously, it assesses how psychological ownership affects customer retention and moderates the effect of perceived benefit on customer retention in the Vietnamese supermarket as empirical evidence. The combination of a qualitative method (with 32 in-depth interviews) and a quantitative method (through a survey conducted with 374 shoppers) is implemented. Partial least-squares structural equation modelling with SmartPLS software is utilized for data analysis and hypothesis testing. From the findings, the study offers an operations perspective and a customer view of how to store service operations contribute to customer perception of benefits and customer retention. Interestingly, the study discovered that psychological ownership is not only a critical antecedent of customer retention but also enhances the effect of perceived benefit on customer retention as its moderating role.Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve ZlíněInternal Grant Agency of FaME, Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FaME/2022/006
Chaos in popular metaheuristic optimizers - a bibliographic analysis
No full textThis paper presents an overview of the history and recent efforts in combining chaos theory and evolutionary computation techniques. Various algorithms from the evolutionary computation domain, also known as metaheuristic algorithms, have been successfully enhanced with chaotic components in the past. Numerous ways to incorporate chaos have been examined, and many impressive results have been reported. Implementations of discrete chaotic maps such as Lozi, Henon, and logistic map as generators of chaotic pseudo-random sequences for controlling evolution operators in metaheuristics have achieved significant popularity. In this survey, we focus on the research field itself and perform a bibliographical analysis to show how broad and active is nowadays the research field of chaos-enhanced metaheuristics and what are some of the most recent works published.Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University [IGA/CebiaTech/2023/004
A conceptual framework for integrating TPB with context-relevant variables to predict e-learning success during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the digitalization of some aspects of our lives including education. However, as we witness a phenomenal rise in the demand for online learning, the decision to migrate to online learning platforms is dependent on the learner's preparedness to embrace it. The objective of this study is to conceptualize a framework that measures the tendency of learners to adopt online learning in an era characterised by so many disruptions. To do this, we adopt document analysis on databases such as SCOPUS, Web of Science, EBSCO and Google Scholar using Boolean search engines; AND, OR, NOT, *, (), '''', +, -, . mainly on current scientific manuscripts through the use of the keywords "e-learning", "theory of planned behaviour", "Covid 19", "distance learning", "environmental factors" and "academic technology adoption". Subsequently, we integrate the theory of planned behaviour with other context-relevant variables as the bases of the study, and conceptualise a framework to predict e-learning success in the covid-19 era. This study contributes to the scientific body of knowledge on e-learning, particularly from the perspective of a forced mass adoption of e-learning occasioned by a global pandemic
Occurrence of biogenic amines in wines from the Central European region (Zone B) and evaluation of their safety
Get PDFThe decarboxylation of the corresponding amino acids by microorganisms leads to the formation of biogenic amines (BAs). From a toxicological point of view, BAs can cause undesirable physiological effects in sensitive individuals, particularly if their metabolism is blocked or genetically altered. The current study aimed to monitor and evaluate the content of eight biogenic amines (BAs) in 232 samples of wines (white, rose, red) produced in the Central European region (Zone B). White wines (180 samples), rose wines (17 samples), and red wines (35 samples) were analyzed. High-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a ultraviolet-visible diode array detector (UV/VIS DAD) was applied to identify and quantify the BAs present in wines. In general, histamine (HIS), tyramine (TYM), putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), phenylethylamine (PEA), spermine (SPN) and spermidine (SPD) were detected in all tested wine samples. Tryptamine (TRM) was not present in any of the samples examined. In white and red wines, SPD, TYM, and PUT were most often detected. Regarding rose wines, the three major BAs were SPN, TYM, and CAD. The BA content in red wines was generally higher than in rose and white wines. However, HIS concentrations above the recommended limit of 10 mg/L were detected in 9% of the red wine samples. In addition, alarming levels of PUT, HIS, TYM, and PEA, with serious potential impact on consumer health, were recorded in two red wine samples. On the whole, the presence and concentrations of BAs in wine should be constantly evaluated, primarily because alcohol intensifies the hazardous effects of BAs.Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně: IGA/FT/2023/007Ministry of Defense of the Czech Republic; internal grant project of Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FT/2023/007
Loneliness and mental health in response to early and late COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study of Czech adults aged 50 and over
Get PDFThe unpredictable spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, national lockdowns, and public health measures implemented in the Czech Republic had a negative effect on older adults' mental health and loneliness. The 2,631 older adults in 2020 and 2,083 older adults in 2021 used in this study formed a nationally representative sample of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Almost every third older adult experienced feelings of loneliness in both stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. Loneliness increased in 2021 in those individuals who reported their physical health as poor, who felt nervous, sad or depressed, and who had ever left their home since the outbreak. According to age-related drivers of loneliness, feelings of loneliness were prevalent (40% vs. 45%) among younger retirees in both waves. In both data sets, declared feelings of sadness or depression were the strongest sustainable predictor of loneliness (2020 and 2021 models, OR = 3.69; 95% CI [2.90, 4.69] and OR = 2.55; [1.97, 3.30]). Being a woman and feeling nervous equated with a higher likelihood of feeling lonely compared to counterparts. Policy makers should therefore aim to carefully improve psychosocial and health-related consequences faced by this vulnerable population during the pandemic and beyond.National Institute on Aging, NIA: HHSN271201300071C, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_AG025169, RAG052527A, U01_AG09740-13S2, Y1-AG-4553-01; Seventh Framework Programme, FP7: 211909, 227822, 261982, 283646; Sixth Framework Programme, FP6: CIT4-CT-2006-028812, CIT5-CT-2005-028857, RII-CT-2006-062193; Fifth Framework Programme, FP5: QLK6-CT-2001-00360; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, MPG; Horizon 2020: 101015924, 654221, 676536, 823782, 870628, VS 2015/0195, VS 2016/0135, VS 2018/0285, VS 2019/0332, VS 2020/0313European Commission, DG RTD [QLK6-CT-2001-00360, SHARE-I3: RII-CT-2006-062193, COMPARE: CIT5-CT-2005-028857, SHARELIFE: CIT4-CT-2006-028812, 211909, 227822, 261982, 283646]; Horizon 2020 [676536, 870628, 654221, 823782, 101015924]; DG Employment, Social Affairs Inclusion [VS 2015/0195, VS 2016/0135, VS 2018/0285, VS 2019/0332, VS 2020/0313]; German Ministry of Education and Research; Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science; U.S. National Institute on Aging [U01_AG09740-13S2, P01_AG005842, P01_AG08291, P30_AG12815, R21_ AG025169, Y1-AG-4553-01, IAG_BSR06-11, OGHA_04-064, HHSN271201300071C, RAG052527A
Design, techno-economic evaluation, and optimisation of renewable methanol plant model: Finland case study
Get PDFThe current global energy crisis, emphasises the need to simultaneously reduce fossil energy consumption, accelerate renewable energy development, and mitigate global warming, which may arise from situations of dirtier fuel usage. Consequently, this work highlights how captured carbon dioxide from fossil power and manufacturing plants, together with hydrogen purportedly produced via water electrolysis (powered by residual energy from fossil and renewable power plants), can be used to synthesize methanol. Therefore, a methanol plant model was proposed and designed. Multivariable regressions for the plant model were developed and optimised. Furthermore, deduced optimal were used to develop a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) kinetic equivalent to the Gibbs reaction model used in the simulation. Also, the plant cost analysis was performed at the optimal, and hydrogen cost was found to constitute the highest manufacturing cost component, hence the costdetermining factor of the plant. Finally, cost-to-size models for various cost components were also deduced.IGA/CebiaTech/2023/004; U.S. Department of Energy, USDOE; Anhui University of Technology, AHUT; Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve ZlíněDepartment of Energy; Internal Grant Agency [IGA/CebiaTech/2023/004]; Tomas Bata Universit
Information systems and technologies for the safe operation of airports
No full textAlthough air transport is one of the youngest transport sectors, it is developing the fastest than other modes of transport. Aircraft are reaching ever higher speeds and carrying more passengers. These positive aspects are mainly influenced by modern information and communication systems, rapid technical development of ground equipment, automation of air traffic control, and the professional level of flight personnel. The article analyzes and compares the most frequently used information and communication systems at the airport. It maps the history of their development and generally describes their function and connection. It mentions their benefits and possible negatives and weaknesses. The following is an overview of cyber-attacks on airports around the world. The conclusion is a recommendation for the prevention of the mentioned weaknesses, taking into account the current situation of increased cyber-attacks in general and the exacerbation of the situation due to the ongoing military conflict in Ukraine. © 2022 IEEE.CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/16_018/0002381; Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně: IGA / FAI / 2022/00