Tomas Bata University in Zlín
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Hotels' green leadership and employee pro-environmental behaviour, the role of value congruence and moral consciousness: evidence from symmetrical and asymmetrical approaches
No full textThe study uses person-organisation fit and norm activation theory to develop conceptual models to clarify the green leadership (GL) non-homogenous effect on employee pro-environmental behavior (PEB) in the hospitality industry. Two psychosocial antecedents, value congruence (VC) and moral consciousness (MC) were the mediators in elucidating the unexplained variations between GL and employees' PEB outcomes. The models were tested using partial least square-structural equation modeling to explain the unidimensional effect and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to clarify the diverse causal configurations sufficient to predict hotel workers' PEB. The study collected data from managers and employees in the Ghanaian hotel industry. The study findings strengthen the interactive role MC plays in employee behavioral outcomes and confirm its importance in stimulating PEB among employees in the hospitality sector. Results from the fsQCA affirm that solely using unifinality approaches for GL and PEB studies may be inadequate to provide a complete understanding of a proposed model. With the unifinality analysis, MC constituted the only variable mediating the GL and PEB relationship. Under the fsQCA, VC and MC became sufficient conditions underpinning GL's impact on employees' PEB. The study concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.[IGA/FaME/2023/006
Effect of pre-shear on flow-induced crystallization of branched polypropylene
No full textIn this work, the effect of pre-shearing time on the crystallization of long-chain branched polypropylene (LCB-PP) subjected to simultaneous cooling and shearing was investigated using a polarized optical microscope equipped with a parallel-plate shear device and a photodetector. Crystallinity and orientation were evaluated using small-angle X-ray scattering, wide-angle X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform IR instrument. Increasing the pre-shear time was found to decrease crystallization temperature, crystallinity and orientation (reaching practically constant values at long pre-shear times), suggesting that increasing the pre-shear time causes the chain branches to be more aligned along the backbone, reducing their efficiency, the LCB-PP melt becomes less elastic and the flow-induced crystallization is minimized. This effect is significant because the crystallization temperature has decreased from 137.0°C to 122.8°C due to pre-shear with followed mixed shear and temperature induced crystallization compared to the crystallization temperature of 118.5°C achieved at purely thermally induced crystallization conditions.Grantová Agentura České Republiky, GA ČR, (21-09174S)Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [21-09174S
Determinants of profit repatriation: Evidence from the Czech Republic and OECD countries as a group
No full textThe paper examines the determinants of FDI profit repatriation in the Czech Republic and OECD countries as a group from 2013 to 2019. By applying the Lintner model about repatriation decisions at the national level, the paper finds the following findings. Firstly, the repatriation rate in the Czech Republic is higher than in most OECD countries. Secondly, financial development and investment opportunities negatively affect the payout ratio of OECD countries as a group, while the appreciation of host countries' currency and higher effective rates positively affect the payout ratio of OECD countries as a group. However, in the case of the Czech Republic, two factors that cause a higher payout ratio are financial development and anti-corruption enforcement. It implies that the Czech Republic should improve its financial market development and reduce the level of corruption to keep the profit from FDI in the country.Tomas Bata University in Zlin, TBU; Technologická Agentura České Republiky, (RO/2022/04, TL03000319)Technological Agency of the Czech Republic (TA CR) [TL03000319]; Faculty of Management and Economic, Tomas Bata University in Zlin [RO/2022/04
Mechanisms of cognitive trust development in artificial intelligence among front line employees: An empirical examination from a developing economy
Get PDFDrawing upon insights from the trust literature, we conducted two empirical surveys with the front-line employees of firms in Pakistan investigating the factors influencing cognitive trust in artificial intelligence (AI). Study1 consisted of 46 in-depth interviews aimed at exploring factors influencing cognitive trust. Based on the findings of Study 1, we developed a framework to enhance employees’ cognitive trust in AI. We then conducted a quantitative survey (study 2) with 314 employees to validate the proposed model. The findings suggest that AI features positively influence the cognitive trust of employees, while work routine disruptions have negative impact on cognitive trust in AI. The effectiveness of data governance was also found to facilitate employees' trust in data governance and subsequently, employees' cognitive trust in AI. We contribute to the technology trust literature, especial in developing economics. We discuss the implications of our findings for both research and practice.Internal Grant Agency, Tomas Bata University in Zelin, Czech Republic [IGA/FaME/2022/008
Quantifying of objective poverty in the districts of the Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak Republic)
Get PDFPoverty, as a multispectral phenomenon caused by severe material depriving of the population, is now becoming one of the most watched socio-economic phenomena. Its scale and severity continue to increase in social consequences. The aim of the paper is to quantify and visualize the extent and level of poverty risk in the selected districts in Slovakia based on selected indicators and to compare their rates in 2015, 2019, and 2021. The methodology of the pilot case study is based on a multi-criteria assessment of the poverty rate in a statistically unprocessed territorial unit (district) through 19 objective indicators in three domains: socio-demographic, economic performance, and infrastructure. Metfessel allocation, Fuller, and Saaty methods were used for its evaluation. It is gratifying that the at-risk-of-poverty rate expressed by the synthesis of 19 indicators has decreased in all districts. In 2019, the poverty level decreased by 2.61 points (21.17%) compared to 2015 (23.78%). In 2021, the problem worsened again, and the poverty rate increased by 2.03 points to 23.2%. The Banská Bystrica region is characterized by low economic activity, reflected in the second lowest employment and the second highest unemployment rates, where up to 48.5% of the unemployed are under 35. The paper contributes to the growing debates on the inequality in living conditions, poverty, and marginalization, the scale and severity of which continue to increase in social consequences
The influence of TikTok on young generation in Vietnam
No full textThe Internet and its growth throughout these near decades have been unbelievable. Especially social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat, or in this case, TikTok has out-grown some of the mainstream media like television, radio, or newspaper. TikTok is a multinational social media platform that mainly focuses on short clips and videos, which is open for anyone to post on the platform, somewhat like YouTube. TikTok videos vary from entertainment, sport, informational, fashion or even cooking videos. The platform allows their videos to spread to all continents, leading to the spreading quickly of any “viral” video. At first sign, the platform seems to be an entertainment platform with no age restriction, due to the claim of the content restriction policy of TikTok. However, there are some downsides to this social media platform that people are slowly coming to realize, and these downsides are affecting the younger generation who use this platform almost every day. This research examines both positive and negative aspects of this social platform and the effects which it has on the younger generation in Vietnam. The research uses both qualitative and quantitative methods, which contain a list of questionnaires and open-ended questions. The purpose of the research is to make clear the influence of TikTok on the youth of Vietnam, which helps to form an opinion on whether the application is suitable for this generation.Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlín
A strategic roadmap to overcome blockchain technology barriers for sustainable construction: A deep learning-based dual-stage SEM-ANN approach
No full textThe adoption of blockchain technology in the sustainable construction industry in India is slow. Existing literature in this area has primarily focused on the potential applications of blockchain technology in construction but little attention is given to the barriers, impeding its adoption. This study fills this research gap by identifying the most significant barriers to adopting blockchain technology for India's sustainable construction industry. The collected data were analyzed via a two-stage PLS-SEM-artificial-neural-network (ANN) predictive analytical approach. In total, 722 construction stakeholder surveys were conducted, and the final model of barriers to adopting blockchain technology for sustainable construction was statistically validated. This study's findings suggest that significant organizational, technological, cultural, legal, security and government barriers limit the adoption of blockchain technology for sustainable construction in India. These findings also imply that effective legislative processes and economic incentives are crucial for ensuring blockchain technology integration into sustainable construction and for efficient implementation of practices. As a further step, a roadmap is developed to support decision-makers in overcoming these barriers in the short, medium, and long terms. Finally, multitiered strategies that construction mapping, sustainability, and integration should be adopted to ensure the successful integration of BT into sustainable construction practices in India
Application of physical-chemical approaches for encapsulation of active substances in pharmaceutical and food industries
Get PDFBackground: Encapsulation is a valuable method used to protect active substances and enhance their physico-chemical properties. It can also be used as protection from unpleasant scents and flavors or adverse environmental conditions.
Methods: In this comprehensive review, we highlight the methods commonly utilized in the food and pharmaceutical industries, along with recent applications of these methods.
Results: Through an analysis of numerous articles published in the last decade, we summarize the key methods and physico-chemical properties that are frequently considered with encapsulation techniques.
Conclusion: Encapsulation has demonstrated effectiveness and versatility in multiple industries, such as food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceuticals. Moreover, the selection of appropriate encapsulation methods is critical for the effective encapsulation of specific active compounds. Therefore, constant efforts are being made to develop novel encapsulation methods and coating materials for better encapsulation efficiency and to improve properties for specific use.Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, UPInternal Student Grant Agency of the Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic [IGA_PrF_2023_024
Attitude towards peer-to-peer accommodation: Evidence from tourists in the Philippines
No full textThe study responds to the paucity of understanding of tourists' attitudes toward peer-to-peer (P2P) accommo-dation services in less-developed economies. By gaining insights into the extant literature, the study proposes and tests a research model that accents the impact of perceived economic benefits, social incentives, and trust on consumers' attitudes towards P2P accommodation. Notably, it also explores the potential attitudinal effect of the new materialist lifestyle. Data were collected through a web-based survey involving 112 consumers aware of P2P accommodation with prior domestic tourism experience in the Philippines. Partial least squares structural equation modelling technique was employed for data analysis. The findings reveal that only eco-nomic benefits and trust perceptions can predict consumers' attitudes towards P2P accommodation services. Considering this, accommodation providers should continue to emphasize the economic value of their services to expand the customer base. Additionally, platform and accommodation providers can also enhance trust -building initiatives to reduce consumers' risk perceptions potentially aggravated by the ongoing pandemic.Univerzita Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně: IGA/ FaME/2021/003, IGA/FaME/2022/007Internal Grant Agency of FaME through Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FaME/2021/003, IGA/FaME/2022/007
Corporate social responsibility promotes organisation citizenship and pro-environmental behaviours: The employee's perspective
No full textBackground: Organisations in the contemporary workplace lack meaningful work and life, resulting in psychological and physical pain for workers. Employees seek organisations that align their daily work activities with society. Partially limited research exists on the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee work-related attitudes, especially with the mediating mechanism of employee work meaningfulness (EWM) and organisation identification (OID) in developing country contexts such as Pakistan. This study has used Social Learning Theory (SLT) and Social Identification Theory (SIT).
Methods: Data were collected through a sample of 154 employees in two waves from multiple sectors in Karachi, Pakistan, using non-probability, purposive sampling. The PLS-SEM, along with IBM-SPSS, was run for data analysis.
Results: The results demonstrated that Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a significant positive relationship with employee work-related attitudes. CSR affects organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) and pro-environmental behaviours (PEB) through the mediation mechanism of employee work meaningfulness (EWM) and organisational identification (OID).
Conclusion: This study contributes to the nascent literature by establishing that EWM and OID mediate the effect of CSR on OCB and PEB. Furthermore, this study utilizes two primary theoretical lenses and provides a novel contribution to the current literature. Finally, this study provides valuable insights to policymakers, businesses, and society.5-6/2022-23/ FaME/006, IGA/FaME/2023/012Internal Grant Agency of FaME TBU [IGA/FaME/2023/012, FSR-FORD 5-6/2022-23/FaME/006