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Executive function and visual attention in sport: a systematic review
No full textResearch has attested to the importance of three lower-order executive functions (EFs; inhibition, shifting, and updating) and visual attention (VA) for sport performance. However, there is limited research examining the association between EF and VA in sport. The present study systematically reviewed literature from Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Discover EBSCO that examined both EF and VA in sport following the PRISMA guidelines. Experiments that were full-texts published in English, contained original data, quantitatively measured EF and VA, and allowed for direct or inferred comments on the relationship between EF and VA were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-two experiments met the inclusion criteria. Results showed large discrepancies in the labelling of sporting expertise, that EF outcomes typically focus on response accuracy over response time, and that quiet eye and number and duration of fixations are popular VA variables. Though limited, studies comparing EF and VA directly indicated a positive relationship suggesting an important link between the two. In sum, more direct assessments of the association between EF and VA are needed to understand their respective and joint contribution to sport performance
Examining the occupational stress among supervisors in the hotel industry
No full textThe hotel industry has always been seen as vibrant, glamorous, and profitable. However, the novelty of working in the hotel industry is wearing off due to the demands and expectations from both the management and customers. The pressure to deliver high quality services and the expense to maintain the status quo in a hotel have become problematic. Employees are experiencing a wide range of issues including work related stress. Occupational stress as commonly known is one of the contributory factors connected to poor health, psychological and mental well-being. Using a qualitative data approach from 3-4-5-star hotels in Cyprus and the United Kingdom, the supervisors' pleasant demeanour shadowed by social, physical, and psychological issues is unveiled. By also unraveling occupational stress through the lenses of supervisors in the hotel industry, this study will help the hotel management to take appropriate action to address the occupational stress amongst employees which is a huge issue in the sector
A living tribute to Professor Marius Romme
No full textProfessor Marius Romme has been one of the most influential psychiatrists of his generation. He revolutionized the approach to working with people who hear voices. This Living Tribute to Marius features short accounts by many of those he has worked with over the decades from both professional and lived experience perspectives. Thanks to his work and all those who have worked with him, hearing voices is no longer dismissed as a symptom of schizophrenia requiring medication, but as something to be understood in the context of each person’s unique life history
Remarkable recoveries: An interpretation of recovery narratives using the CHIME model
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to review the 16 published non-student Recovery Heroes and Remarkable Lives accounts published in this journal, using the CHIME (Connection, Hope, Identity, Meaning and Empowerment) framework.All 16 accounts were rated independently by four researchers and evaluated in terms of whether each account met the five criteria for the CHIME model.All accounts met the criteria for the CHIME model, with the exception of one, which still met four of the five criteria. Evidence was presented which suggests that the model can be extended to C-CHIME, to incorporate creativity.While a certain level of subjectivity is required in deciding how each account meets the CHIME criteria, there were high levels of inter-rater reliability within the research team. Creativity had a central place in all the accounts.While a certain level of subjectivity is required in deciding how each account meets the CHIME criteria, there were high levels of inter-rater reliability within the research team. Creativity had a central place in all the accounts.The recovery model privileges both professional and lived experience perspectives on recovery. The current review highlights how much we can benefit from the wisdom contained in first person accounts.The recovery model privileges both professional and lived experience perspectives on recovery. The current review highlights how much we can benefit from the wisdom contained in first person accounts
The Football Association's Women’s Super League and female soccer fans: fan engagement and the importance of supporter clubs
No full textThe global soccer market has seen a growth in the professionalization of women’s teams and as a result, spectatorship and fandom have augmented. Women’s soccer was historically perceived as a taboo; however, stakeholder support has generated visibility and enhanced commercialization opportunities. The Football Association in England instituted the Women’s Super League (hereafter WSL) during 2010, and the first season commenced in 2011 with eight teams. Subsequently, in 2021 there were 12 professional women’s teams in the top-tier of the league and 11 teams in the championship. A qualitative case study approach is utilized, via the use of semi-structured interviews to explore the demographics and motives of women who watch soccer at the elite level and their socialization into fan communities. The study concludes by acquiring an understanding of the consumption of female soccer fans within the WSL and focuses upon the relationship between supporter clubs and fan socialization
Response to winter pressures in acute services: analysis from the Winter Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit
No full textBackground: There is increased demand for urgent and acute services during the winter months, placing pressure on acute medicine services caring for emergency medical admissions. Hospital services adopt measures aiming to compensate for the effects of this increased pressure. This study aimed to describe the measures adopted by acute medicine services to address service pressures during winter.Methods: A survey of acute hospitals was conducted during the Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit, a national day-of-care audit, on 30th January 2020. Survey questions were derived from national guidance.Acute medicine services at 93 hospitals in the United Kingdom completed the survey, evaluating service measures implemented to mitigate increased demand, as well as markers of increased pressure on services.Results: All acute internal medicine services had undertaken measures to prepare for increased demand, however there was marked variation in the combination of measures adopted. 81.7% of hospitals had expanded the number of medical inpatient beds available. 80.4% had added extra clinical staff. The specialty of the physicians assigned to provide care for extra inpatient beds varied. A quarter of units had reduced beds available for providing Same Day Emergency Care on the day of the survey. Patients had been waiting in corridors within the emergency medicine department in 56.3% of units.Conclusion: Winter pressure places considerable demand on acute services, and impacts the delivery of care.Although increased pressure on acute hospital services during winter is widely recognised, there is considerable variation in the approach to planning for these periods of increased deman
Teacher education in Scotland - riding out the recession?
No full textBackground: Teacher education in Scotland has developed its own trajectory for many years and this distinctiveness appears to have increased since the creation of the Scottish Parliament in 1999. Teachers' pay and conditions were addressed in 2001 by the agreement A teaching profession for the 21st century. This agreement led to a number of innovations in teacher education and development. More recently, there has been a report of the Review of Teacher Education in Scotland by Graham Donaldson and a committee is currently reviewing teachers' pay and conditions.Purpose: This article examines the extent to which the development of teacher education in Scotland has been affected by the global financial crisis and its impact on the provision of public services. Three policy contexts are explored in turn, those of politics and economics, education and teacher education, so that the analysis moves from the wider societal perspective towards the specifics of teacher education.Sources of evidence: The article draws on a close analysis of relevant policy documents, including those produced by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Scottish Government and the General Teaching Council for Scotland. Additionally reference is made where appropriate to a wide range of published research and to reports such as the Review of Teacher Education in Scotland.Main argument: The ways in which teacher education policy in Scotland is developing is a result of the interaction between history, culture and politics played out at a national level under the wider influence of UK, European and global affairs, both economic and political. There are real tensions in the current conjunction of policies and trends, which create major challenges for all those involved. The promotion of career-long professional learning and enhanced school autonomy proceed alongside the review of teachers' professional conditions (McCormac Review), high levels of intermittent employment among new teachers, fluctuations in student numbers and staffing in university Schools of Education, and contracting resource to support school-level curriculum development and continuing professional development. The social partnership achieved between employers and practitioners is under increasing strain; and relations of partnership between universities and schools are subject to increasing critical scrutiny. Teaching in a time of crisis creates new challenges, and the need for innovative approaches to enduring challenges, in the short and longer term.Conclusions: The longstanding commitment to explicit values in Scottish culture and education is all the more important in a context where pressures for accountability and efficiency are greater than ever
Using mentimeter to enhance learning and teaching in a large class
No full textMentimeter is a web-based Clicker, Audience Response System (ARS) or Student Response System (SRS) which allows students to answer digital questions using a mobile device. It has the potential to transform the classroom environment into a more interactive, engaging and inclusive one. In this paper, a brief literature review has been provided which addresses the benefits of using ARS including Mentimeter in a large class. Additionally, the mechanics behind how the workings of the Mentimeter, its features and applications have been evaluated in order to offer the instructors with the insights about using Mentimeter for their own practice. Finally, a case study has been explained where Mentimeter was used for the formative assessment. In the present study, a Mentimeter formative assessment model has been developed which can be implemented as a good practice in Higher Education (HE). A survey on perception of students about using Mentimeter has been assessed and from the results, it is evident that using Mentimeter has a positive impact on students’ attitude and performance, learning environment and technical aspects. These results will be further discussed by linking pedagogical theories and its benefits
Impact of Job Insecurity on Work–Life Balance during COVID-19 in India
No full textThe ongoing health crisis has impacted businesses worldwide, drastically reducing production, consumption and distribution of goods and services, leading to an economic downturn. An increasing unemployment rate has led to a surge in the sense of job insecurity among employees. Lack of job security has a direct impact on an employee’s health and work–life balance. This article focusses on the relationship between and impact of job insecurity on work–life balance, that is, to understand the impact of perceived job insecurity on working hours, employee’s health and reduced family time. Using a self-completed questionnaire, data was collected from 413 employees from different sectors like construction, banks, hospitals, hotels, schools, FMCG, telecommunication, etc., in India, which assisted in testing five hypotheses. The study found a positive relationship between job insecurity and health issues and work–life conflict. Additionally, job insecurity was negatively linked with job performance. Regression analysis showed mediating effects of work demand, work time, family time and family demand on the relationship of job insecurity with health issues, job performance and work–life conflict. However, the article also discusses various effective mechanisms to reduce job insecurity and ways to curb its negative impacts on various organizational and personal outcomes
Integrating rational and heuristic elements in executives’ decision-making processes in Qatar
No full textThis research used a theoretical model that included six decision-making styles to analyse the decision-making styles of executives in Qatar. Quantitative research techniques were used in this study, but these were supplemented with semi-structured interviews conducted with four top executive decision makers to provide an indication of decision-making in Qatari Executives, the covid 19 pandemic obstructed further interviews and detail thematic analysis. However, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was custom designed that contained six decision-making styles of the theoretical model that were identified from existing theory and empirical research: rational, heuristic, intuitive, dependent, avoidant, and spontaneous decision-making styles. A series of eleven dichotomous questions represented decision-making contexts at different levels and there were four demographic variables. The questionnaire was administered to 350 Qatari executives. Principal components analysis indicated that all the six decision-making styles were important to the Qatari executives with different level of agreement.The research findings confirm that decision-making is a multifaceted and multi-dimensional phenomenon, where the focus in decision-making varies from context to context: Qatari executives use a combination of decision-making styles in making important decisions. However, the research indicates that individuals, at times rely on shortcuts when making decisions. A mixed environment driven model to decision-making process is proposed. In this model, when problems that are more complex, and dynamic are coupled with a poor environment then more intuitive and heuristic processes are used and less rational. That contrasts with situations involving simple, stable scenarios that are coupled with a supportive environment where more rational and risk avoidant process are used, using less intuition and fewer heuristics.Age was not significantly correlated with any of the decision-making styles. Avoidant decision-making style had a positive significant correlation with number of years in the current business. Intuitive decision-making style had a positive significant correlation with level of Education and dependent decision-making style has positive significant correlation with both number of years in the current business and level of education. Spontaneous decision-making was not dependent on any of the eleven business contexts.Concerning different business contexts, immediate payment decisions slightly negatively impacted on all the six decision-making styles but not significantly. Avoidant decision-making style was negatively impacted by the day-to-day activities of the business and negatively impacted by short-term activities but positively impacted by long-term activities. Heuristic decision-making was impacted positively by short-term activities but negatively by the allocation of resources, the use of resources, how many people to deploy on the task, broad organisational issues, top executives, and strategic decisions. Rational decision making was significantly impacted on by the use of resources and how many people are deployed on tasks. Intuitive decision making was significantly impacted negative by short-term activities. Dependent decision-making was impacted negatively by how many people to deploy on tasks and broad organisational issues. Two of the eleven business concerns a) immediate payment decisions and b) managers across the organisation do not significantly impact on any of the decision-making styles