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Migration and Entrepreneurship in the Global Context Case Studies, Processes and Practices
No full textEntrepreneurship education An evaluation of tertiary institutions in Zambia
No full textThe study examined entrepreneurship education in tertiary institutions in Zambiaand propose an entrepreneurship education framework. With the highunemployment levels among graduates, colleges, universities and thegovernment recognise that it is imperative to prepare students withentrepreneurial skills that can be utilised to establish businesses and be valuablein formal employment in the changing Zambian economy. The study was basedon the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to assess college students’ intentionto start their own business, and the entrepreneurship programme being offered inselected colleges in Zambia. A mixed method approach was used to studyentrepreneurship education in a multiple case study of five colleges in threelocations in Zambia (North, Central and South). The study involved a review ofentrepreneurship education literature, the survey of college students through aquestionnaire and conducting interviews of academic staff in selected collegesand small and medium sized enterprise owners. Data was analysedquantitatively and qualitatively.Subsequently, the key results of the study indicated that the entrepreneurshipeducation in tertiary institutions in Zambia is not fit for the purpose of developingstudents venture in business. The number of students that venture in business isinadequate mostly like due to theoretical methodological approach being used,inappropriately qualified teaching staff, insufficient financial, businessdevelopment, and technological measures, and entrepreneurship education isnot well structured and comprehensive at the tertiary institutions in Zambia.The study makes contribution to knowledge by provide worthwhile literature onentrepreneurship education in the Zambian context in terms of assessing thestrength of entrepreneurship intentions of students to start a business; thecommon approach used in teaching entrepreneurship among tertiary students inZambia; competence of entrepreneurship trainers at tertiary institutions;availability of financial, business development, regulatory and businessdevelopment support. The study inform practice by recommending anentrepreneurship education framework that can guide students at tertiaryinstitutions to establish start-up enterprises to contribute to the growth of theprivate sector and increase job opportunities for the youth in Zambia
Addiction recovery stories: Dee Hartley in conversation with Lisa Ogilvie
No full textPurpose The purpose of this paper is to examine recovery through lived experience. It is part of a series that explores candid accounts of addiction and recovery to identify important components in the recovery process. Design/methodology/approach The G-CHIME model comprises six elements important to addiction recovery (growth, connectedness, hope, identity, meaning in life and empowerment). It provides a standard against which to consider addiction recovery, having been used in this series, as well as in the design of interventions that improve well-being and strengthen recovery. In this paper, a first-hand account is presented, followed by a semi-structured e-interview with the author of the account. Narrative analysis is used to explore the account and interview through the G-CHIME model. Findings This paper shows that addiction recovery is a remarkable process that can be effectively explained using the G-CHIME model. The significance of each component in the model is apparent from the account and e-interview presented. Originality/value Each account of recovery in this series is unique, and as yet, untold
Carbon fibres: Effect of various thermo-oxidative environments on structural and performance damage, both alone and in composites
No full textThis study examines the effects of heat and fire on the physical, mechanical and electrical properties of carbon fibre and those in carbon fibre reinforced composites (CFRCs). Carbon fibres were exposed to controlled heating (thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a tube furnace) in inert and air (oxygenated) environments and simulated fire (cone calorimetry at 35–75 kW m−2 and jet fire (propane burner) of 116 kW m−2) atmospheres. In inert atmospheres there was a minimal effect on the properties of carbon fibres, but in an oxygenated environment, significant oxidation began at temperatures ≥550 °C, resulting in a reduction in fibre diameter, which reduced further with increasing temperature and exposure duration. Tensile strength and electrical conductivity of carbon fibre decreased with reduction in fibre diameter. CFRCs exposed to 75 kW m−2 in a cone calorimeter and direct flame in a propane burner (116 kW m−2) showed varying degrees of oxidation in CFRC plies, with surface ply fibres experiencing more oxidation and consequent reductions in fibre diameter and tensile properties compared to fibres in underlying plies, where oxidation was limited due to restricted oxygen availability. Fibres exposed to the propane burner exhibited notable damage, including pitting and internal oxidation. Despite this, the overall electrical properties of residual carbon fibres did not significantly decrease, indicating that they still pose an electrical hazard if exposed during a high heat or fire event
Attitudes of medical doctors and experiences of trans and non-binary people in the Greek healthcare system A mixed methods approach
No full textResearch in Europe supports that trans and non-binary people face stigma anddiscrimination in all aspects of their everyday lives. Still, there are no similar studiesconducted in Greece, related statistics and research findings are outdated. This studyexamines the experiences of transgender (trans) and non-binary individuals withmedical professionals in Greece. The study's objectives are to investigate medicaldoctors' attitudes towards transgender and non-binary individuals, explore theseindividuals' subjective experiences with healthcare professionals, and contribute dataon their health outcomes. The methodology consists of a mixed methods approach. Asurvey, including demographic questions and items on LGBT+ education andattitudes, was distributed online to 248 medical doctors. The data were analyzed usingmultiple regression to assess attitudes and experiences of discrimination, violence,and harassment towards transgender individuals. The analysis showed significanttransphobic attitudes. Semi-structured interviews of trans and non-binary people wereconducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. The study delves into the strugglesof trans and non-binary individuals in Greece's healthcare, highlighting discriminationand medical biases that lead to poor health outcomes. It notably emphasizes theunderexplored experiences of non-binary people, bridging a gap in the existingresearch
Comparative analysis of machine and deep learning techniques for credit card fraud prediction in the financial sector
No full textCredit card fraud is one of the most common forms of fraud in the financial industry. Machine learning and deep learning models have been widely used to predict this fraud, but there are still several challenges to predicting credit card fraud transactions. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive and comparative analysis of modern machine learning, deep learning, hybrid, and transformer models for predicting credit card fraud, with a focus on determining a best-fit model that can effectively and efficiently reduce the financial losses associated with fraud for individuals, businesses, and the entire economy amongst the state of-the art modern techniques. SMOTE and ADASYN oversampling techniques are applied to mitigate class imbalance before the model is trained and their performance evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score metrics. Ensemble methods random forest and XGBoost emerge as top performers, benefiting from operating on diverse decision trees. However, deep learning models like BiLSTM show comparable results, automatically extracting valuable features; this led to the hybridization of the three models
Creating Sensor System for Safe Motor Navigation: HOMESWEET
No full text’HOMESWEET’ is a deep learning model created with the YOLO object detection algorithm that has been trained to detect certain human physical states that could result in road accidents and deaths. The model achieved an accuracy score of 83% and a Precision rate of over 90% but had a fairly modest Recall rate of just over 70%.The model can be deployed in various other applications as it was able to detect not only facial cues but other micro-expressions and gesticulations that lead to the various states; in particular, in this research, it was created to detect fatigue, drowsiness and lack of total concentration while driving
Positive Education in Higher Education
No full textAbstract
The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the student mental health crisis in Higher Education (HE), and how resilience and grit, two important positive psychological constructs, can be beneficial for university students’ success and wellbeing. As part of a discussion around some of the current approaches to intervening in wellbeing in universities, the chapter provides evidence for the use of PPIs for wellbeing in university students, alongside some of the challenges of implementing these in HE. It also provides an overview of the Thriving Students Framework and presents a case for a multicomponent approach to monitoring and improving educational success. In particular, a wellbeing framework that, alongside resilience, also recognises the importance of strengths, persistence in the face of difficulty, a growth mindset, self-control and mental wellbeing; Academic Tenacity. The implications of utilising this framework for educational attainment in university students are discussed. The Bolton Uni-Stride Scale (BUSS), a single short measure of academic tenacity that combines the attributes enabling measurement and intervention to support university students to thrive, is also presented for educators to use
Performance analysis of a gas turbine engine with intercooling and regeneration process - Part 1
No full textAuxiliary systems, such as regeneration and intercooling, have been integrated with the primary gas generator to improve power production and fuel economy in modern gas turbine power plants. Implementing these techniques in turbine engines is challenging due to size, weight, and complex flow patterns. A solution is to use a turboprop engine with a smaller mass flow rate and simpler gas paths. The current study involves the numerical analysis of performance parameters namely, specific power (SP), thermal efficiency (eta), and enthalpy based specific fuel consumption (EBSFC) of a turboprop engine using thermodynamic parameters namely, pressure ratio (PR), nozzle pressure ratio (NPR), turbine inlet temperature (TIT), regeneration efficiency (R), and intercooling efficiency (E). The results prove that the introduction of regeneration and intercooling showed significant improvement in the power developed, and reduced fuel consumption
Scottish Crofting and an Alternative to Capitalism
No full textSmall-scale farming communities in Scotland engaged in a combination of food sovereignty, agroecology, or land sovereignty are, to some extent, offering an alternative to capitalism. These strategies have not only made them more resilient to the recent crises of capitalism but have done so by reducing their dependency upon it. During these crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, they were not only more able to sustain themselves when long food supply chains collapsed but they also increased their autonomy and sustainability through an increased demand for local food networks. What is more, in certain areas, these strategies have transformed social relations and, at times, revealed unalienated practices such as gift economies. This research was conducted over a 15-month period and primarily consisted of seasonal interviews with 14 small-scale food producers in Scotland. This paper will examine the manner in which the agricultural practices of these communities offer a glimpse of what an alternative to capitalism might look like through an analysis that draws on the work of James C. Scott, Marcell Mauss and John Holloway