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Implementation of communication model and web services for cluster-based power system operation in smart grids
No full textThe penetration of distributed energy resources in distribution networks leads to the decentralisation of the power generation. This is contrary to the traditional centralized power generation where the power is fed from transmission systems. To cope with the impact of the decentralised power generation, clustering power systems approach (CPSA) is proposed. It is an approach that coexists operations of the distribution networks and the transmission systems by allowing the use of conventional control scheme and action of the transmission systems in the distribution networks. In addition, the CPSA is also aimed to realise the smart grid concept. Information and communication technology is hence applied to the CPSA. In this paper, a communication model and web services concept including its relevant technologies are proposed to enable power system operation based on the CPSA. The implementation of the communication model and web services for the CPSA is presented at the end
Curiosity and powerful learning
No full textThere is no more important goal for educators than enabling their students to develop the habit of enquiry and to embed a spirit of curiosity. Accomplishing this, as well as achieving high academic standards, is a task that seems to be beyond most jurisdictions, however well intentioned. For we are at a time in our educational history where there is a dominant culture of top down reform and external accountability. Nevertheless, David Hopkins and Wayne Craig did just this through using the ‘powerful learning’ framework they developed in the Northern Metropolitan Region of Victoria, Australia. In this contribution to the Education Today themed issue on “Understanding Achievement”, David and Wayne tell the story of how they achieved Curiosity and Powerful Learning for their students by working from the ‘inside – out’ and by building a systemic work culture that facilitated teacher leadership
Security constrained active and reactive optimal power management of microgrid in different market policies
No full textThis paper presents a multi-period unit commitment active and reactive power optimal management for microgrids under different market policies. The overall optimization problem is formulated by mixed integer quadratic programming by taking into considerations the environmental costs and the battery degradation cost against a comprehensive set of constraints. A typical low-voltage microgrid, which comprises of distributed generators, renewable energy resources, storage battery, and varieties of loads, are employed to implement and examine the proposed approach. The microgrid is comprehensively investigated with both grid-connected and isolated modes under minimum operation and emission cost and maximum overall profit policies. The results have revealed that the charging and discharging operations of storage battery typically reduce the total operation and emission costs and hence maximize overall profit, even considering the battery degradation
Effect of plastic deformation on compliance curve based crack closure measurement
No full textFatigue crack growth depends heavily on near tip stress-strain behavior controlled by many micromechanical and microstructural factors. Crack closure is widely used to rationalize crack growth behaviour under complex loading conditions. Reliable crack closure measurement is essential for enhanced damage tolerance design and remains a challenge to the industry. This paper focuses on the effect of plastic deformation ahead of a notch/crack on the non-linearity of compliance curves of 6082-T651 aluminium alloy specimens to highlight a potential issue in the conventional compliance curve based crack closure measurement technique. Experimental and numerical simulation results demonstrate that plastic deformation ahead of the notch will introduce non-linear stress-strain behavior in the absence of crack closure. It is proposed that the effect of crack tip plasticity on the non-linearity of the compliance curve be separated to obtain reliable crack closure measurement
Modelling and simulation of maximum power point tracking algorithms & review of MPPT techniques for PV applications
No full textThis paper focuses on the mathematical modelling and simulation of Maximum Power Point algorithms to investigate tracking efficiency at different atmospheric conditions. This paper will review existing Maximum Power Point Tracking approaches. A 60W PV panel is modelled in MATLAB since panel current is taken as the input for maximum power point tracking. This paper presents a simulation based comparative study between two most popular techniques perturb and observe (P&O) and incremental conductance (InCond) to optimize the energy conversion efficiency of PV system
Assessment and accountability: part 1 – assessment
No full textAssessment in clinical practice is a complex role undertaken by mentors and practice teachers. Therefore, this and the following two articles in this series will explore student assessment in clinical practice and the theoretical concepts that relate to assessment of learning and development. This article examines the importance of assessment and the role of mentors and practice teachers in this activity. Definitions and the purpose of assessment are analysed, in addition to various assessment methods used in clinical practice that relate to the third domain and outcomes of the Nursing and Midwifery Council’s Standards to Support Learning and Assessment in Practice on assessment and accountability
Leaving home: the challenges of Black-African international students prior to studying overseas
No full textMuch of the literature on international students centres on their experiences once they arrive in their host countries. This study explores the preparations of Black-African students for leaving their home countries to study abroad. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 50 Black-African students studying at one British university. The students spoke of the complex and frustrating process of obtaining visas and applying to university abroad as well as the tensions they felt in leaving their communities. These pressures were extensive and impacted their subsequent ability to adjust to life in their host institution. A greater understanding of the backgrounds of international students will enable higher education professionals to develop more culturally inclusive universities
Exploring the perceived and potential medicines optimisation role of pharmacy for young people with long-term conditions, through the case study of juvenile arthritis: Final report
No full textA solvent induced crystallisation method to imbue bioactive ingredients of neem oil into the compact structure of poly (ethylene terephthalate) polyester
No full textNeem oil, a natural antibacterial agent from neem tree (Azadarichtaindica) has been used to impart antibacterial activity to polyester fabrics. Solvent induced polymer modification method was used and that facilitated the easy entry of neem molecules into the compact structure of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyester. The polyester fabric was treated with trichloroacetic acid-methylene chloride (TCAMC) solvent system at room temperature prior to treatment with neem oil. The concentration of TCAMC and the treatment time were optimised. XRD and SEM results showed that the TCAMC treatment causes polymer modification and morphological changes in the PET polyester. Antibacterial activity of TCAMC pre-treated and neem-oil-treated polyester fabric was tested using AATCC qualitative and quantitative methods. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms were used to determine the antimicrobial activity. It was observed that the treated fabric registers substantial antimicrobial activity against both the Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and the Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and the effect increases with the increase in concentration of TCAMC treatment. The antibacterial effect remains substantial even after 25 launderings. A kinetic growth study involving the effect of antibacterial activity at various incubation times was carried out