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Tutors’ assessment practices and students’ situated learning in higher education: chalk and cheese
No full textThis article uses situated learning theory to consider current tutor assessment and feedback practices in relation to learning practices employed by students outside the overt curriculum. The case is made that an emphasis on constructive alignment and explicitly articulating assessment requirements within curricula may be misplaced. Outside of the overt curriculum students appear to be interdependent learners, participating in communities of practice and learning networks, where sense-making occurs through negotiation and there is identity development. Such negotiation may translate curriculum requirements articulated by tutors into unexpected meanings. Hence, tutors’ efforts might be better placed on developing students’ ability to self-assess and to effectively evaluate and negotiate information, rather than primarily on their own delivery of the curriculum content and feedback. Tutors cannot be fully effective if they fail to consider students’ learning outside the overt curriculum, and ways to facilitate such learning processes are suggested together with future research directions
An Investigation into the Impact of Rooting Android Device on User Data Integrity
Get PDFThe available commercial and freeware mobile forensics tools heavily rely on a rooted mobile device for them to extract data. The potential effects of rooting the device before extraction could pose a threat to the forensic integrity rendering the acquisition process flawed.
An endeavour was made in compiling of this paper investigating the impact of rooting android mobile devices on user data integrity. The research examines and analyses data from an android Samsung phone. A framework has been developed to illustrate measures and steps to be observed in the extraction of data from mobile devices
JoinSTNassistant Framework: An Agile Holistic Framework for Assisting Decision in Healthcare Facilities to Join Saudi Telemedicine Network
No full textIn 2011, the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health (MOH) launched the Saudi
Telemedicine Network (STN) as the first national project for telemedicine in the KSA, which is planned to be completed by 2020. The benefits associated with the STN will only be realised through its successful implementation within the Healthcare Facilities (HCFs) across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). There is a high failure rate of implementation projects of telemedicine within other countries (approximately 75% globally, and 90% in developing countries). Furthermore, there is high failure rate of implementation projects of complex Health Information Technology (HIT) systems within HCFs of the KSA (roughly 80%). These dramatic statistics demonstrate the great need for a suitable framework to assist the STN implementation and increase the likelihood of its successful implementation. Prior studies have asserted that there could
not be a one-size-fits-all framework that could be applicable and used by all countries for assisting the implementation of telemedicine. To the best of our knowledge, there is not any existing framework that has been specifically developed for assisting the STN implementation.
Thus, this research is aimed at developing a novel, agile, holistic framework, referred to as “JoinSTNassistant Framework”, aimed to assist HCFs across the KSA regarding their organisational decision to join the STN. It must be ensured that this JoinSTNassistant Framework is theoretically rigorous, as well as relevant specifically to the context and the needs of the KSA, its HCFs, and the STN roadmap. Therefore, the JoinSTNassistant Framework has been developed through three-sequential phases. The First Phase of development defines and applies the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the JoinSTNassistant Framework. In this First Phase, 56-selected studies from an extensive literature review were analysed. The Second and Third phases of development reflect the practical and pragmatic requirements of the JoinSTNassistant Framework. These two phases must be considered as two stages of validation of the findings of the First Phase, involving as many potential users as possible in the development of the Framework, so as to ensure that it reflects their expectations and meets their needs. The Second Phase of development involved interviews with 81 strategic-level decision makers of HCFs within the KSA. The Third Phase implemented an even higher level of validation, involving as many as 905 potential users, forming a representative sample size of the decision makers of all HCFs across the KSA. In addition, a web-based application (i.e., Portal) for the JoinSTNassistant Framework, referred to as “JoinSTNassistant Portal” was developed for modifying and adjusting the JoinSTNassistant Framework in order to be applicable for each one of HCFs across the KSA, for assisting and guiding them in reaching a decision to join the STN. This research is part of the STN project and is collaborating with the National eHealth Strategy and Change Management Office in the MOH of KSA, and with the STN agency, who is the sponsor and the owner of the STN project
Complementarity of individual-level and community-level health promotion programmes: A longitudinal and qualitative study of empowerment
No full textHealth inequalities are the result of social inequalities and a major concern in the UK. In 1986 the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion committed to tackling such health inequalities and defined health promotion as ‘the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health’, with the concept of empowerment at the centre. Health promotion approaches can be broadly categorised into top-down and bottom-up programmes. Tensions between these exist and the value of a balanced approach has been recognised. However, it is not well understood if and how participants of programmes that take such different approaches experience empowerment and, if they could complement one another.
This research was set in Stoke-on-Trent, a city with considerable health challenges and inequalities. Two ‘real world’ health promotion programmes were considered: (i) The Lifestyle Service (LS), a top-down individual-level programme; and (ii) My Community Matters (MCM), a bottom-up, community-level programme. Each was studied using longitudinal qualitative methods. Baseline interviews (n=23, LS; n=28, MCM) were analysed using thematic analysis. At one year, follow-up interviews were analysed using comparative analysis and following constructivist grounded theory (n=13, LS; n=17, MCM).
For the LS, the thematic analysis revealed three master themes at baseline (past experiences, expectations, and barriers), and a model with three categories at follow-up (identification, planning, and action). The LS was primarily experienced with a providing role similar to person-centred approaches. For MCM, the thematic analysis revealed two master themes at baseline (community deterioration and perspectives towards community improvement), and at follow-up a model with four categories (power influences, community deciding, acting, and consequences). This programme was experienced with a providing role by ‘disengaged’ residents, but with a role of enabling action by ‘engaged’ residents.
This provides novel insight into participant experiences of empowerment through individual- and community-level health programmes with recommendations of how such approaches can better collaborate and complement one another as part of an overall effort to improve health and reduce health inequalities
Finite element modelling of the foot for clinical application: A systematic review
No full textOver the last two decades finite element modelling has been widely used to give new insight on foot and footwear biomechanics. However its actual contribution for the improvement of the therapeutic outcome of different pathological conditions of the foot, such as the diabetic foot, remains relatively limited. This is mainly because finite element modelling is only been used within the research domain. Clinically applicable finite element modelling can open the way for novel diagnostic techniques and novel methods for treatment planning/optimisation which would significantly enhance clinical practice.
In this context this review aims to provide an overview of modelling techniques in the field of foot and footwear biomechanics and to investigate their applicability in a clinical setting.
Even though no integrated modelling system exists that could be directly used in the clinic and considerable progress is still required, current literature includes a comprehensive toolbox for future work towards clinically applicable finite element modelling. The key challenges include collecting the information that is needed for geometry design, the assignment of material properties and loading on a patient-specific basis and in a cost-effective and non-invasive way. The ultimate challenge for the implementation of any computational system into clinical practice is to ensure that it can produce reliable results for any person that belongs in the population for which it was developed. Consequently this highlights the need for thorough and extensive validation of each individual step of the modelling process as well as for the overall validation of the final integrated system
Exercise as an adjunct treatment for postpartum depression for women living in an inner city—A pilot study
Get PDFTo examine the effectiveness of exercise in the management of postpartum depression, women living in an inner-city, who were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (Perinatal Version) (SCID-PN), were randomly assigned to an exercise group (N = 12) or control group (N = 12). A focus group was carried out to explore women's views of the trial. There were no significant differences between the two groups for SCID-PN. Although women who had engaged in the exercise viewed it positively (based on focus group data), low adherence to exercise meant that significant improvements in postpartum depression were not found
Identifying predictors of students' perception of and engagement with assessment feedback
Get PDFHigher education students’ perception of and level of engagement with the feedback they receive has gained increasing attention in the literature to identify areas which require educators’ attention. However, predictors of students' perception and engagement have yet to be identified. To address this, a survey measuring students’ views and practices regarding feedback was completed. Characteristics of the individual student (gender, age and whether English is their first language) the learning environment (student living on or off campus) and course related variables (year of study of the course and whether the second subject was the same or a different discipline) were analysed to assess whether these variables predict students’ perception and engagement with feedback. Multivariate analysis established that the only significant predictor variable was year of study of the course thus identifying a key predictor whilst ruling out numerous potential predictors. As the only significant predictor of students' relationship with feedback was their year of study, further analyses were conducted to establish which specific areas of perception of and engagement with feedback change as a function of this
Fingermarks (friction ridge skin marks)
No full textFieldhouse, S (2017) The Scenes of Crime Handbook. In: The Scenes of Crime Handbook. WA Group, Essex, pp. 72-75
A STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL EVIDENTIAL VALUE OF PERFUMES, ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE
No full textPerfumes and other fragranced products are abundant in our environment and are therefore likely to be abundant in a crime scene environment. They have properties which make them ideally suited to chemical detection and analysis but are currently underutilised as a potential source of evidence and intelligence. This work provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that such products have the potential to be forensically useful when analysed using modern analytical instrumentation.
Gas Chromatography (GC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were each evaluated for their ability to distinguish between perfumes, deodorants and antiperspirants.
GC analysis proved to be straightforward and provided sufficient detail to distinguish between products using visual pattern matching and statistical tools such as principal component analysis. FTIR was also able to discriminate between products with some success but it was felt that HPLC produced results with insufficient product detail to distinguish between perfumes.
Using GC as the primary analytical technique, further experiments explored the most appropriate ways to store samples, recover liquid deposits from a crime scene and analyse a suspect or victim’s garments. It was also demonstrated that the change in composition of perfumes with evaporation follows a predictable pattern with forensically significant implications. This research has also established vital groundwork for future study into individual chemical profiles and lifestyle indicators
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