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Overall Effects and Moderators of Rehabilitation in Patients With Wrist Fracture: A Systematic Review
Get PDFBackground & Aims: Wrist fractures constitute the most frequently occurring upper limb fracture. Many patients report persistent pain and functional limitations up to 18 months following wrist fracture. Identifying which patients are likely to gain the greatest benefit from rehabilitative treatment is an important research priority. This systematic review aimed to summarise effectiveness of rehabilitation after wrist fracture for pain and functional outcomes and identify potential effect moderators of rehabilitation.
Methods: A comprehensive search of seven databases (including MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PEDRO) was performed for randomised controlled trials involving adults >50years who sustained wrist fracture, and received one or more conservative treatments (e.g., exercise/manual therapy, lifestyle, diet or other advice). Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. Results of included trials were summarised in a narrative synthesis.
Results: 3225 titles were screened and 21 studies satisfying all eligibility criteria were reviewed. Over half of included studies (n=12) comprised physiotherapy and/or occupational therapy interventions. Rehabilitative exercise/manual therapy was generally found to improve function and reduce pain up to 1 year after wrist fracture. However, effects were small, and home exercises were found to be comparable to physiotherapist-led exercise therapy. Evidence for the effects of other non-exercise therapy (including electrotherapy, whirlpool) was equivocal and limited to the short-term (<3months). Only 2 studies explored potential moderators and did not show evidence of moderation by age, sex, or patient attitude of the effects of rehabilitation.
Conclusion: Effectiveness of current rehabilitation protocols after wrist fracture is limited; and evidence for effect moderators is lacking. Currently available trials are not large enough to produce data on sub-group effects with sufficient precision. To aid clinical practice and optimise effects of rehabilitation after wrist fracture, potential moderators need to be investigated in large trials or meta-analysis using individual participant data.
Prospero ID: CRD4201810776
Key words: Wrist fracture, distal radial fracture, rehabilitation, exercise therapy, moderator
'Archeology’
No full textForensic archeology has emerged as an independent discipline over the past four decades. It can be defined as a scientific discipline that uses archeological theory and methodology in a legal context. It combines archeological, criminalistic and criminological knowledge to search, localize, document, retrieve and interpret the forensic record (i.e., the sum of all archeologically retrieved forensic evidence) at a crime scene or place of incident. In the United States, it has a pronounced anthropological bias, but in the United Kingdom and elsewhere in Europe, it is more concerned with detection, excavation, and field skills. Practitioners now have a well-tested suite of methods to draw on during search and recovery operations, many of which have been developed from associated disciplines. With increased awareness of forensic archeology by law enforcement professionals and increased involvement, standards and competency testing are being developed to align the discipline with other areas of forensic science
I Just Pulled Myself Together and Realised I had to be Responsible: Adolescents’ Experiences of Having a Friend Who Self-Harms
Get PDFBackground Self-harm usually begins during adolescence and adolescents that self-harm most commonly confide in friends, yet to date, there is little research from the friend’s perspective.Objective This qualitative study explores adolescents’ experiences of what it is like to have a friend who self-harms by cutting and what this experience means for friendship, the wider peer group and psychological well-being.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with a community sample of eight females aged between 13 and 18 years, living in England. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse the data.ResultsFour superordinate themes emerged: desperately searching for meaning, I will be there at all costs, too hot to handle and identification. Adolescents were concerned about escalations in their friends’ behaviours and felt a sense of duty to help, but the majority experienced a dilemma as to whether to disclose to others and all reported some form of distress.Conclusions The results highlight the important, yet complex nature of friendship in this context. Friends play a key role in supporting adolescents who self-harm but need greater support managing this role and the effects. Schools/colleges should educate young people about self-harm to increase their knowledge and skills in relation to supporting a friend with this issue. Furthermore, they should promote environments for talking about mental health openly to give young people increased opportunities for help-seeking
The Pending Poverty Catastrophe in Stoke-on-Trent: How Benefit Cuts and the Cost of Living Crisis impacts on the poor
Get PDFThis report updates the research published in September 2021 assessing the impact of the benefit cuts and the withdrawal of the furlough schemes on poverty in Stoke-on-Trent. There has been the continual and worsening crisis of the economy, particularly in relation to the "cost of living" and it has not been possible to factor in the economic impacts of the international crisis and the war in Ukraine. The report draws on a unique data set provided by the Citizens Advice Staffordshire North and Stoke-on-Trent plus data provided by the Department for Work and Pensions, Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire Local Enterprise Partnership and a Stoke-on-Trent Foodbank
Obsolescence and Renewal
No full textAfterGlow - New Nordic Porcelain
The book is a documentation of the project ‘New Nordic Porcelain Forum’, which is a joint Nordic project that focuses on the Nordic tradition of porcelain production. It is an independent publication that describes the production of porcelain from an international, local, historical and artistic angle. It is intended that the project will strengthen the production of and co-operation on Nordic
contemporary ceramics, as well as focus on the important cultural heritage that is being lost. British artist Neil Brownsword was invited to explore in his text 'Obsolescence and Renewal' the impact of global economics in recent decades on Stoke-on-Trent's ceramic industry
ESC&CTRL
No full textVincent wakes up in an apartment in New York City with no recollection of having arrived there. Back in the UK, his girlfriend, Emily, has been murdered. Guided by mysterious phone calls which lead him to a series of clues, he soon suspects he has travelled to New York to find Emily’s killer.
Meanwhile, an explicit video Emily made is going viral. When she shared it with Davison in a private forum, she never expected him to upload it. But she’s only ever spoken to him online, and he might not be who he says he is.
Framed by footnotes and annotations written by Ike A. Mafar and author Steve Hollyman, Esc&Ctrl is a metafictional murder mystery examining the loss of identity in the virtual world of the Internet; a self-begetting novel for the 21st Century
NATO is revived, but challenges remain [Blog post]
No full textGeopolitics has returned to Europe in a devastating and destructive fashion. Most obviously, there is Russia’s armed attack on Ukraine. But it has also returned in the form of a deepening geopolitical challenge from China
Ethics, Bioarchaeology, and Scientific Publishing (Ética, Bioarqueología y Publicaciones Científicas: Un Estudio de Caso)
Get PDFThe excavation, analysis, curation, and restitution of archaeological human remains are associated with ethical challenges that those working within archaeology and heritage management should be aware of. However, the way ethical issues are acknowledged in scientific publications continues to be over-looked. This paper explores evidence for authors acquiring ethical approval for research that involves the analysis of human remains, when submitting their work for publication. Twelve journals that accept bioarchaeological research articles in Argentina and Chile were examined. Of the 119 bioarchaeology papers published between January 2016 and September 2021, only two (1.7%) acknowledged following ethical guidelines. None of the articles referred to ethical approval to conduct the research. While ethics committees may not be in place in some universities or curating institutions, journal publishers have an increasing responsibility to ensure research on archaeological human remains is conducted in an ethical manner. In light of these results, the present paper recommends ways in which authors may address this issue and how journal editors may strengthen their guidance relating to ethical requirement
The impact of banner advertisement placement for Arabic readers and advertising outcomes
Get PDFA main advantage of web advertising over other advertising mediums is its efficiency in driving purchase intentions, enabling consumers to jump from advertisement to purchase in a single click. This paper aims to explore the optimal advertisement placement for Arabic web pages by considering how advertising placement and page context affects advertising outcomes. This study is one of the first to examine the physiological and cognitive processes involved in the understanding of the effectiveness of ad placement in Arabic languages. The theoretical model suggests that advertising outcomes can be affected significantly by hemispheric context (how the two hemispheres of the brain process information on an image or text-oriented page) as well as hemispheric ad placement, pertaining to optimal left-right placement of image/text ads. Demographic and advertisement data was collected from participants during the study upon ensuring ethical approval for this. The data sample involved online testing of 320 Arabic readers who were shown one of eight different web page layouts, with each layout shown to 40 respondents. Results indicate that Arabic readers perform differently to English readers, since the former process text using both brain hemispheres, in comparison to other languages. The implications of this research are that placement and optimal banner advertisement design are highly dependent on the objectives of advertising
English Nationalism and its Ghost Towns
Get PDFIn order to understand today’s nationalism, we need to address the historical decline of working-class communities, the sense of loss brought by deindustrialisation and how working-class people have been denied a voice in society and politics. Discontent has manifested strongly in these deprived post-industrial areas, often branded as communities that have been left behind under neoliberal globalisation. Whilst more and more people are voicing their discontent with a system that fails to provide social security and economic stability, many researchers have branded them merely as racists, xenophobes and ill educated. Although prejudices are likely to play a part in all political outcomes, today’s dissatisfaction across the West cannot be reduced to mere emotion and intolerance.
This book therefore utilises on-the-ground research with working-class individuals in a Leave voting locale in Britain, exploring their discontent with politicians, the Labour Party, the European Union, immigration, refugees and the prolonged calls for a second referendum. It situates this sentiment towards society and politics within the decline of capitalism's post-war era and the loss of well-paid industrial jobs, increase in non-unionised service employment and the hollowing out of community spirit
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