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3758 Clinical and cost-effectiveness of the UCL live well with Parkinson’s self-management toolkit—an RCT
No full textConjuring Away The Revolution: Parisian Popular Culture In Marx’s Writings On The French Second Republic
Get PDFThis thesis examines the ways in which Karl Marx employed contemporary Parisian popular culture in
his writings on the French Second Republic. It demonstrates how Marx drew upon the characters,
motifs and genres of popular entertainment in his explanation of the means by which the Second
Republic, created after a popular uprising in February 1848, was ‘conjured away’ by a coup d’état
conducted by the popularly elected president Louis-Napoléon in 1851. The thesis therefore considers
how Marx understood the role of popular culture in a period in which the popular was sharply
contested.
The first chapter discusses how the June Days informed Marx’s critique of the republican popular
culture associated with the February revolution and fostered by the Provisional Government. Chapter
Two examines Marx’s critique of the Montagne in the aftermath of their demonstration on 13 June
1849 and compares his techniques with those of popular anti-socialist satire.
Chapter Three explores Marx’s presentation of Louis-Napoléon as a phenomenon of popular culture,
asking to what extent Marx held the popular ‘Napoleonic legend’ responsible for his political triumph,
and comparing Marx’s depictions of fraudulent political performance to the longstanding concerns of
Parisian political satire. The final chapter discusses the extent to which Marx’s depiction of LouisNapoléon’s support in the lumpenproletariat and the Society of 10 December was informed by
contemporary melodrama. It demonstrates that this characterisation was both a critique of
Bonapartism and left republicanism. The above constitutes an examination of Marx’s critiques of the political content and implications of
contemporary popular culture. However, this thesis also suggests that Marx believed there to be
revolutionary potential immanent in these cultural forms
DOP078 Development of a bioengineered 3D model of gut barrier defence against Candida albicans invasion and inflammasome activation in Crohn’s Disease
No full textAnnual Research Review: Self-harm in young people.
No full textSelf-harm is defined as self-injury or self-poisoning, irrespective of the presence of suicidal intent. It includes both non-suicidal self-injury and attempted suicide. The lifetime prevalence of self-harm is approximately 20% in young people. The initial assessment for self-harm should contain an evaluation of risk, a safety plan and a therapeutic element, which should be focused on understanding the nature of self-harm, instilling hope and linking young people with follow-up treatment. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy should be offered to young people with severe self-harm. School-based interventions, such as the Youth Aware of Mental Health programme, could prevent self-harm in young people
Three versus six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy followed by avelumab maintenance as first-line treatment for advanced urothelial cancer: the phase II DISCUS trial.
No full textBACKGROUND: Six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy followed by avelumab continues to be used in some circumstances in advanced/metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). To investigate whether shorter chemotherapy duration improves quality of life (QoL) without worsening efficacy, this study compared three versus six cycles followed by avelumab. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This randomized phase II trial compared three versus six cycles (3C arm versus 6C arm) of chemotherapy followed by avelumab in patients receiving first-line treatment for mUC. This trial had co-primary endpoints of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), defined as change from baseline to cycle 6 on the global health status/QoL score, and superior overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate, and safety. Here, we report the final PRO analysis and interim OS. RESULTS: A total of 267 patients were randomized (133 to 3C arm, 134 to 6C arm). Forty-two percent received gemcitabine/cisplatin and 58% gemcitabine/carboplatin. Seventy-eight percent and 40% of patients completed three and six cycles as allocated. Seventy-four percent of patients received avelumab in the 3C arm, versus 56% in the 6C arm. The mean QoL change between baseline and cycle 6 was 0 [95% confidence interval (CI) -5.9 to 5.2] in the 3C arm versus -8.5 (95% CI -14.1 to -2.9) in the 6C arm, with a significant difference favouring 3C (+8.5 points, 95% CI 0.7-16.3, P = 0.016). Improvement in PRO scores was observed in 41% (3C arm) versus 24% (6C arm) of patients. OS was not significant (18.9 months in both arms [hazard ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% CI 0.72-1.86, P = 0.56]. Median PFS was 8.0 months (95% CI 6.7-11.9 months) in the 3C arm versus 9.0 months (95% CI 6.9-12.7 months) in the 6C arm (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.73-1.53). Median grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 11.9% (3C arm) versus 15.7% (6C arm). CONCLUSIONS: Three cycles of chemotherapy followed by maintenance avelumab is associated with better QoL than six cycles. Randomized trials with patient-focused outcomes exploring shorter duration of therapy are feasible (NCT06892860)
μ2 Tokenizer: Differentiable Multi-Scale Multi-Modal Tokenizer for Radiology Report Generation
No full textAutomated radiology report generation (RRG) aims to produce detailed textual reports from clinical imaging, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis and provision of management advice. RRG is complicated by two key challenges: (1) inherent complexity in extracting relevant information from imaging data under resource constraints, and (2) difficulty in objectively evaluating discrepancies between model-generated and expert-written reports. To address these challenges, we propose μ2LLM, a mu̲ltiscale mu̲ltimodal large language models for RRG tasks. The novel μ2Tokenizer, as an intermediate layer, integrates multi-modal features from the multiscale visual tokenizer and the text tokenizer, then enhances report generation quality through direct preference optimization (DPO), guided by GREEN-RedLlama. Experimental results on four large CT image-report medical datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms existing approaches, highlighting the potential of our fine-tuned μ2LLMs on limited data for RRG tasks. All code, data, and models will be publicly available in our official repository: https://github.com/Siyou-Li/u2Tokenizer
deadtrees.earth — An open-access and interactive database for centimeter-scale aerial imagery to uncover global tree mortality dynamics
Get PDFAssociation of comorbidities and socioeconomic deprivation among people who died from dementia in England between 2013 and 2023: analysis of death certificates.
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities of people who died from dementia between 2013 and 2023 in England. METHODS: We analysed death certificates reported in England from 2013 to 2023. We report the number, age, sex, country of origin and socioeconomic status of people who died with a dementia diagnosis recorded (as a primary or contributory cause); the dementia subtype diagnoses and recorded comorbidities. We tested the hypothesis that number of comorbid disorders would be higher in more deprived areas. RESULTS: There were 987 719 certificates in this period that recorded dementia as a cause of death, of which 693 663 (70.2%) recorded dementia as the primary cause of death. In total, 62.2% (n = 614 419) of those who died from dementia were women, 65% (n = 643 026) were aged 85+, and most (846 584, 85.7%) were born in England. Fifteen percent (n = 149 447) of included death certificates recorded dementia as sole cause of death; others included up to 10 other contributory conditions (median = 1; IQR:1-2), of which influenza and pneumonia (183 203; 18.5%), ischaemic heart diseases (114 871; 11.6%), cancers (107 444; 10.8%), hypertensive diseases (99 517; 10%) and diabetes (98 517; 10%) were the most common. After controlling for age and sex, death certificates of people living in areas with higher deprivation included a higher number of comorbidities (β = -0.04, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Policies to reduce inequities in dementia care need to account for the more complex health needs of people with dementia living in more deprived areas towards the end of life
