6932 research outputs found
Sort by
Pescennina.
No full text64 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 26 cm.
"May 17, 2011."The goblin spider genus Pescennina Simon has been known only from females of its type species from Venezuela, whereas the more recently described genus Marsupopaea Cooke has been known only from males taken in Colombia. Discovery of the missing sexes, in both cases, indicates that these spiders belong to the Scaphiella complex; males have dorsal abdominal scuta that are absent in females. The presence, in the males of both type species, of a terminal, coiled embolus that can be held in an excavated "pouch" at the anterior edge of the sternum and is matched by coiled anterior ducts in the female genitalia, suggests that these taxa are congeneric. Marsupopaea is therefore newly synonymized with Pescennina, and its type species, M. sturmi Cooke, is placed as a junior synonym of P. cupida (Keyserling). Species of Pescennina occur widely in North, Central, and South America; many are apparently ant mimics, with color patterns (and sometimes a constricted abdomen) that enhance their antlike appearance. Although most of the species seem to be ground dwelling, with the extremely narrow geographic ranges typical of goblin spiders, at least four species inhabit the forest canopy, and at least one of those species is much more widespread. Males of the type species, P. epularis Simon, and females of P. cupida (Keyserling) are described for the first time; 16 new species are described: P. iviei, P. gertschi, P. sumidero, and P. ibarrai from Mexico; P. murphyorum from Nicaragua and Costa Rica; P. viquezi from Costa Rica; P. laselva from Costa Rica and Panama; P. fusca from Panama; P. arborea from Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador; P. magdalena and P. sasaima from Colombia; P. orellana from Ecuador; P. piura and P. loreto from Peru; P. grismadoi from Bolivia; and P. otti from southern Brazil
Don Juan and the Guale uprising of 1597.
No full text154 p. : maps.In the late fall of 1597, Guale Indians murdered five Franciscan friars stationed in their territory and razed their missions to the ground. The 1597 Guale Uprising, or Juanillo's Revolt as it is often called, brought the missionization of Guale to an abrupt end and threatened Florida's new governor with the most significant crisis of his term. To date, interpretations of the uprising emphasize the primacy of a young Indian from Tolomato named Juanillo, the heir to Guale's paramount chieftaincy. According to most versions of the uprising story, Tolomato's resident friar publicly reprimanded Juanillo for practicing polygamy. In his anger, Juanillo gathered his forces and launched a series of violent assaults on all five of Guale territory's Franciscan missions, leaving all but one of the province's friars dead. Through a series of newly translated primary sources, many of which have never appeared in print, this volume presents the most comprehensive examination of the 1597 uprising and its aftermath. It seeks to move beyond the two central questions that have dominated the historiography of the uprising, namely who killed the five friars and why, neither of which can be answered with any certainty. Instead, this work aims to use the episode as the background for a detailed examination of Spanish Florida at the turn of the 17th century. Viewed collectively, these sources not only challenge current representations of the uprising, they also shed light on the complex nature of Spanish-Indian relations in early colonial Florida
New species of Mesoplia (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from Mesoamerica.
No full text36 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 26 cm.This paper investigates the bionomics of the cleptoparasitic bee Mesoplia sapphirina Melo and Rocha-Filho, sp. nov. (described in the appendix), and of its ground-nesting host Centris flavofasciata Friese found along the Pacific coast of Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. We explore the host-nest searching behavior, egg deposition, and hospicidal behavior of M. sapphirina. Anatomical accounts of its egg, first, second, and fifth larval instars are presented and compared with published descriptions of other ericrocidine taxa. Nests of the host bee as well as its egg and method of eclosion are also described
Plateosaurus.
No full text58 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.The nearly complete, disarticulated skull of AMNH FARB 6810, a specimen of the basal sauropodomorph Plateosaurus collected in 1925 from the Norian (late Triassic) strata of the Knollenmergel beds of Trossingen (Germany), is redescribed. This study supports referral of AMNH FARB 6810 to P. erlenbergiensis on the basis of the following characters: occipital condyle above level of parasphenoid; basisphenoid with transverse, subvertical lamina extending between basipterygoid processes, with ventrally projecting median process; and peglike process projecting medially from the middle of the palatine. Furthermore, P. longiceps is regarded a junior synonym of P. erlenbergiensis because the type specimen of the latter is diagnostic (displaying the above-noted apomorphies of the braincase and palatine) and, chronologically, P. erlenbergiensis has priority over P. longiceps
Revision of Orobothriurus Maury, 1976.
No full text90 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 26 cm.The systematics of the Andean scorpion genus, Orobothriurus Maury, 1976 (Bothriuridae Simon, 1880), is revised. New locality records, obtained during recent field expeditions, distribution maps, and a key to identification of the 15 known species, are provided. Six new species are described: Orobothriurus calchaqui, n. sp., from northwestern Argentina; Orobothriurus compagnuccii, n. sp., from the central Andes of Argentina; Orobothriurus huascaran, n. sp., from central Peru; Orobothriurus quewerukana, n. sp., from southern Peru and northern Chile; Orobothriurus ramirezi, n. sp., from central Chile; and Orobothriurus tamarugal, n. sp., from northern Chile. The known distribution of Orobothriurus and the altitude record for scorpions are discussed. The world's altitude record for a scorpion, previously reported as 5550 m, is demonstrated to be 4910 m
Sokatra, a new side-necked turtle (late Cretaceous, Madagascar) and the diversification of the main groups of Pelomedusoides. (American Museum novitates, no. 3728)
No full text28 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.Sokatra antitra, n. gen. et sp., is a new side-necked turtle from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, northwestern Madagascar. Sokatra antitra is based on a series of incomplete skulls: a partial skull that lacks the premaxillae and some of the basicranium, a partial skull that has a complete ear region and partial basicranium, and other isolated specimens, including dentaries. Although this species exhibits some features of the North African and Brazilian Euraxemydidae, it does not belong to this family, but instead it is the sister taxon of the magnafamily Podocnemidera of Gaffney et al. (2006, 2011). Characters of Sokatra uniting it with the magnafamily Podocnemidera are: quadratebasisphenoid contact, ventral covering of processus interfenestralis of opisthotic, and at least half of prootic covered ventrally. The laterally open foramen jugulare posterius and the distinct accessory ridge on the maxilla are characteristic, but not unique, features shared with members of the Euraxemydidae. The presence of a small wall posterior to the columellae auris and medial to the incisura columellae auris and the formation of the foramen posterius canalis carotici interni by both the prootic and quadrate are unique to Sokatra. In a PAUP analysis using the character matrix from Gaffney et al. (2006), Sokatra resolves as: (Pelomedusidae, Araripemys (Sokatra (Euraxemydidae (Bothremydidae, Podocnemididae)))). The deep phylogenetic roots of Sokatra indicates the presence of its lineage on Madagascar prior to the beginning of the late Cretaceous
Paradysderina and Semidysderina.
No full text121 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.A new genus, Paradysderina, is established for a speciose group of Andean goblin spiders belonging to the Dysderina complex. Members of Paradysderina resemble those of Scaphidysderina Platnick and Dupérré in having the dorsal abdominal scutum of females either greatly reduced or entirely absent, but lack the highly crenulated sternum characteristic of Scaphidysderina and have instead a distinctively flattened, rugose sternal surface. Males of various species of Paradysderina show a wide range of remarkable autapomorphies, including projections at the sides of the clypeus and various kinds of excavations and projections on or between the chelicerae. Several species share the highly unusual occurrence of asymmetry between the left and right male pedipalps; in some species the asymmetry involves the size of the palpal bulb, but in those and other cases, the embolus structure also differs consistently between the two sides, to such an extent that if the left and right palps were studied in isolation, they would be considered to belong to different species. Dysderina globosa (Keyserling) from Colombia and D. montana (Keyserling) from Peru are transferred to Paradysderina, and their males are described for the first time. A total of 52 new species are described, including 26 from Peru (P. watrousi, P. consuelo, P. excavata, P. silvae, P. malkini, P. maldonado, P. asymmetrica, P. apurimac, P. convencion, P. macho, P. tambopata, P. schizo, P. wygodzinskyi, P. newtoni, P. thayerae, P. carpish, P. rothae, P. tabaconas, P. sauce, P. piura, P. tambo, P. fatima, P. bagua, P. yasua, P. loreto, and P. pithecia), 15 from Ecuador (P. zamora, P. lostayos, P. puyo, P. hermani, P. yanayacu, P. baehrae, P. righty, P. centro, P. fusiscuta, P. lefty, P. vlad, P. yasuni, P. dracula, P. pecki, and P. sucumbios), and 11 from Colombia (P. imir, P. pinzoni, P. leticia, P. pira, P. vaupes, P. huila, P. chingaza, P. boyaca, P. carrizal, P. monstrosa, and P. chinacota); P. loreto is also recorded from far western Amazonas, Brazil. A second new genus, Semidysderina, is established for species that share with Scaphidysderina and Paradysderina the absence of a dorsal scutum in females and a spinneret scutum in both sexes, but differ in having a groove connecting the posterior spiracles. Six new species of Semidysderina are described from Colombia (S. lagila, S. kochalkai, S. donachui, S. marta, S. mulleri, and S. sturmi). At least four of these species, from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, are remarkable for the retention of a distinct seam between the male palpal cymbium and bulb
The goblin spider genus Aprusia Simon, 1893 (Araneae, Oonopidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3706)
No full text21 p. : ill., map ; 26 cm.
"February 3, 2011."The South Asian goblin spider genus Aprusia Simon (Araneae: Oonopidae) consists of five species and is found in southwestern India and Sri Lanka. Although the type species A. strenuous Simon is known only from two juvenile syntypes, new topotypical material from Sri Lanka allowed a redefinition of the genus and species. Ischnothyreus vestigator Simon, also from Sri Lanka, is transferred to Aprusia based on recently collected topotypical specimens. The female is described for the first time. Three new species are described: A. veddah Grismado and Deeleman, A. kataragama Grismado and Deeleman (both from Sri Lanka), and A. kerala Grismado and Deeleman (from southwestern India). The genus is recognized by the relatively small to medium-sized dorsal scutum on the abdomen of both sexes, the strong macrosetae on the forelegs and by the conformation of the male palp, with the cymbium and bulb fused and a tiny, slightly sclerotized embolus
Nopsides.
No full text18 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.
"April 15, 2011."The caponiid spider genus Nopsides Chamberlin was established on the basis of juvenile specimens from Isla Cerralvo in the Gulf of California. Adult males and females of the type (and only known) species, N. ceralbonus Chamberlin, are described for the first time, and the species is newly recorded from the Mexican mainland as well as the Baja peninsula. These animals are nopines (i.e., have subsegmented tarsi), can easily be recognized by their unique eye pattern (with four eyes in two widely separated rows), and are notable for the modifications of the inferior claws. In both sexes, the inferior claw is greatly elongated on legs I and II, but is missing entirely on legs III and IV. A single juvenile specimen, reportedly taken in Peru, shares these somatic characters and suggests that the genus might be more widespread. In a supplement, the genus Amrishoonops Makhan and Ezzatpanah is placed as a junior synonym of the anapid genus Pseudanapis Simon