6932 research outputs found
Sort by
Revision of Slaterocoris Wagner
Get PDF290 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. "Issued June 24, 2011."The North American genus Slaterocoris Wagner is revised and now contains 32 species. The new genus Josephinus is erected to accommodate three Mexican species, the type species, Slaterocoris reinhardi Carvalho and Schaffner, 1973, along with Scalponotatus albicornis Kelton, 1970, and Scalponotatus capitatus Kelton, 1970. Slaterocoris argenteoides, S. clavatus, S. elongatus, S. maculatus, and S. tanydexios from southern Mexico are described as new. The new combinations Slaterocoris punctatus (Distant, 1893) [Jornandes] and Slaterocoris subalbicans (Distant, 1893) [Jornandes] are proposed resulting in two subjective junior synonyms of Slaterocoris for the monotypic genera, Guerrerocoris Carvalho and China, 1959 and Amulacoris Carvalho and China, 1959, respectively. A review of the genus Scalponotatus Kelton, 1969, provides a new diagnosis and description of the genus and the type species, S. maturus Kelton, 1969, and a checklist of the nine species included in the newly conceived genus. Based on examination of the holotypes, the new combinations, Scalponotatus dissimulans (Distant, 1893) [Jornandes] and Jornandes sinaloensis (Carvalho and Costa, 1992) [Scalponotatus] are proposed. The following 23 new specific subjective synonymies are proposed (senior synonym first): Slaterocoris alpinus Kelton, 1968 = Slaterocoris schaffneri Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris ambrosiae (Knight, 1938) [Strongylocoris] = Slaterocoris arizonensis Knight, 1970, Slaterocoris bispinosus Knight, 1970, Slaterocoris ovatus Knight, 1970, and Slaterocoris severini Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris apache Kelton, 1968 = Slaterocoris bifidus Knight, 1970 and Slaterocoris burkei Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris breviatus (Knight, 1938) [Strongylocoris] = Slaterocoris minimus Knight, 1970 and Slaterocoris rarus Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris flavipes Kelton, 1968 = Slaterocoris sculleni Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris longipennis Knight, 1968 = Slaterocoris knowltoni Knight, 1970 and Slaterocoris utahensis Knight, 1968; Slaterocoris mohri (Knight, 1941) [Strongylocoris] = Slaterocoris fuscicornis Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris punctatus (Distant, 1893) = Slaterocoris grandis Kelton, 1970; Slaterocoris robustus (Uhler, 1895) [Stiphrosoma] = Slaterocoris nevadensis Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris rubrofemoratus Knight, 1968 = Slaterocoris nicholi Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris sheridani Knight, 1968 = Slaterocoris basicornis Knight, 1970, Slaterocoris custeri Knight, 1970, Slaterocoris dakotae Knight, 1970, Slaterocoris texanus Knight, 1970, and Slaterocoris woodgatei Knight, 1970; Slaterocoris stygicus (Say, 1832) [Capsus] = Slaterocoris getzendaneri Knight, 1970. The ambiguous lectotype designations (Kelton, 1968) for Stiphrosoma atrata Uhler, 1894, Stiphrosoma croceipes Uhler, 1893, and Stiphrosoma robusta Uhler, 1895, are stabilized. A neotype is designated for the lost primary type of Capsus stygicus Say, 1832. Revised diagnoses, redescriptions, color digital habitus photographs, line drawings of the legs for each species, and scanning micrographs of dorsal vestiture and sculpturation for most species are provided. Line drawings of the male genitalia of most species and the female genitalia of representative species-group taxa are included. Scanning micrographs are used to document diagnostic features of the genera. Maps and label records are provided to portray the distributions of all species. Where known, host-plant records are presented. Keys to Josephinus and Slaterocoris and their included species are offered to facilitate identification. A phylogenetic analysis is conducted for 32 ingroup and seven outgroup taxa resulting in the informal assignment of most of the species of Slaterocoris into six species groups
Mahakala anatomy and phylogeny.
No full text66 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.The dromaeosaurid Mahakala omnogovae is known from a unique specimen from the late Cretaceous deposits of the Djadokhta Formation at Tögrögiin Shiree, Ömnögov Aimag, Mongolia. The holotype specimen is comprised of a well-preserved but partial skull and a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. Mahakala omnogovae is included in a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Coelurosauria using a dataset, which reflects a greatly expanded character set and taxon-sampling regime. Several interesting features of Mahakala omnogovae have implications for deinonychosaurian and avialan character evolution and for understanding patterns of size variation and size change within paravian theropods. These morphologies include the shape of the iliac blade, the triangular obturator process of the ischium, and the evolution of the subarctometatarsalian condition. We present an expanded diagnosis of Mahakala omnogovae which included following unique combination of characters (autapomorphies noted by *): a ledgelike depression at the confluence of metotic strut and posterior tympanic recess on the anterior face of the paroccipital process*, a posteriorly tapering scapula; a shortened forelimb (humerus 50% femur length); a strongly compressed and anteroposteriorly broad ulna tapering posteriorly to a narrow edge*; elongate lateral crest on the posterodistal femur*; anterior caudal vertebrae with subhorizontal, laterally directed prezygapophyses*; a prominent supratrochanteric process; and the absence of a cuppedicus fossa
Temnocyonine radiation.
No full text153 p. : ill., maps ; 26 cm.This study describes and summarizes the Temnocyoninae (Mammalia, Carnivora), a subfamily of amphicyonid carnivores of considerable diversity and singular comorphology within Cenozoic faunas of North America. In temnocyonines, we see the first carnivorans to occupy an ecological niche as large cursorial predators. The subfamily is confined to the Arikareean NALMA, ranging in age from the latest early Oligocene to the early Miocene. Distributed from the Pacific Northwest to the Great Plains and Florida, there are four genera (Temnocyon, Mammacyon, Delotrochanter n. gen., Rudiocyon n. gen.) and 12 species, of which eight are newly described (Temnocyon subferox, T. fingeruti, T. macrogenys; Rudiocyon amplidens; Mammacyon ferocior; Delotrochanter petersoni, D. oryktes, D. major). Among the specimens examined are eight skulls, three with intact basicranial morphology that establish the presence of a plesiomorphic arctoid auditory region in the subfamily. Temnocyonine dentitions and postcranial skeletons reveal a blend of morphological characteristics not previously nor subsequently seen among the Carnivora. From a stem species, Temnocyon altigenis, there evolve both large hypercarnivorous (Temnocyon) and durophagous forms (Mammacyon, Delotrochanter); these genera share a derived dentition that defines the Temnocyoninae. Delotrochanter oryktes n. sp., an early Miocene species, was found in a den, suggesting a possible burrowing capability and sheltering of offspring. The John Day basin of Oregon and the central Great Plains (western Nebraska, southeast Wyoming) are the source of most temnocyonine fossils; a few have been found in southern California and Florida, indicative of a continent-wide distribution. Temnocyonines have often been confused with canids, however their basicranial anatomy places them securely within the Amphicyonidae. First discovered in the 1870s, only [about] 30 individuals comprise the entire record of the subfamily. Many were found in proximity to radioisotopically calibrated tuffs and ignimbrites and/or were closely associated with mammals of established biochronologic age. Thus, most species can be placed in a temporal context. With rare exception, the fossils represent isolated occurrences, hence estimates of variation within a population are lacking. Cursorial postcranial features characterize several lineages (Mammacyon, Delotrochanter) and probably were present in other temnocyonines known only from dental remains. Late Oligocene Mammacyon ferocior and early Miocene Delotrochanter oryktes evolved uniquely configured crushing cheek teeth and cursorial limbs, combining distinctive dental and skeletal traits in a manner not seen in any living carnivore. These species are interpreted as large durophagous predators with craniodental characteristics that parallel living hyaenids (Crocuta crocuta) and postcranial adaptations approaching those of cursorial canids such as the wolf (Canis lupus). Expansion of semiarid grasslands and savanna during the late Oligocene and early Miocene in the central Great Plains seems to have favored the evolution of these wide-ranging durophagous amphicyonid carnivores. Analysis of the jaws of temnocyonines employing Therrien's method of beam analysis demonstrates pronounced bending strength focused beneath the crushing dental battery in the molar region. Similarly, the canines and mandibular symphysis manifest an ability to resist strong parasagittal, transverse, and torsional forces occurring during prey capture and feeding. Temnocyonines share a pronounced similarity in dentition with European haplocyonine beardogs, which doubtless are their sister group among the Amphicyonidae. Some haplocyonines also show cursorial tendencies. Examination of European material, however, reveals subtle dental distinctions indicating that the evolution of the two subfamilies proceeded separately yet in parallel in Europe and North America
New genus Molotra
No full text69 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map ; 26 cm.A new oonopid genus endemic to Madagascar, Molotra, is proposed and its six included species are newly described and illustrated: M. molotra, the type species, M. ninae, M. katarinae, M. suzannae, M. tsingy, and M. milloti. Molotra is defined on the basis of its unusual genitalia. The male has the palpal bulb terminating in broad, liplike lobes, unlike any previously described in Oonopidae. The female is equally unusual in lacking an apparent receptaculum, although the genitalia otherwise resemble those of silhouettelloid genera. The species of Molotra form three distinct groups based on somatic and genitalic characters. The M. molotra group includes four large, strongly spined species. The remaining two are morphologically distinct and known only from males. M. tsingy is a small species with unusual palpi that are complex, contorted, and with a resting position along the sternocoxal boundary, instead of an anterior sternal cavity. M. milloti is a very bristly species that differs somatically from other Molotra but has genitalia similar to the M. molotra group. Molotra is known only from Madagascar where the three species groups are strongly disjunct. The M. molotra group occurs in higher elevation forests (1000-1300 m) in northeastern Madagascar, M. tsingy is from low elevation karst (150 m) of the southwest, whereas M. milloti is from a coastal locality in the northwest
Mesobdella lineata.
No full text11 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.
"April 22, 2011."Mesobdella lineata, a small terrestrial species of leech from southern Africa, originally placed in the family Haemadipsidae, is redescribed based on internal and external morphological characters of the holotype and of additional material collected in 1975. The placement of this species in the South American genus Mesobdella on the basis of seemingly triannulate midbody somites is found to be erroneous as midbody somites are five-annulate. Mesobdella lineata has neither the midventral nephridial pore, a synapomorphy of Xerobdellidae, nor the posteriolateral auricles of Haemadipsidae. With a caudal sucker that is wider than the four most posterior somites of the body, eight teeth per jaw, micromorphic median reproductive structures, and no postanal annuli, this species is placed in the mammalophilic family Praobdellidae. A morphological matrix of 32 characters was analyzed with parsimony and implied weighting. The new genus Parapraobdella is warranted to accommodate the unique combination of characters of the species that is morphologically similar to Neotropical representatives of the family
Scaphidysderina.
No full text51 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 26 cm.
"April 28, 2011."Dysderina Simon is one of the largest of the classical genera of goblin spiders, containing numerous species that have been associated only because they are heavily scutate gamasomorphines with long, paired spines on the ventral surface of the anterior tibiae and metatarsi. The Old World species that have been assigned to the genus are wildly misplaced, and the New World fauna constitutes a complex of over 225 species belonging to at least nine genera. The northern Andes house a highly diverse fauna, both of Dysderina itself and of closely related genera. The new genus Scaphidysderina is established for one of those related but distinct Andean groups, characterized by a crenulated sternum and by the reduction or loss of the dorsal abdominal scutum in females. Seventeen new species are described from Peru (S. manu, S. pagoreni, S. scutata, S. cajamarca), Ecuador (S. tayos, S. loja, S. molleturo, S. tapiai, S. pinocchio, S. palenque, S. tandapi, S. napo, S. baerti, S. cotopaxi, S. andersoni), and Colombia (S. hormigai, S. iguaque). Males of several species show remarkable modifications of the chilum and chelicerae; the chilum is sometimes enlarged to form a conspicuous snout, and the chelicerae often bear a heavily sclerotized, dorsally directed spine. A second new genus, Costarina, is established to contain the most commonly encountered species that have been misplaced in Dysderina; Dysderina plena O. P.-Cambridge, from Mexico, is chosen as the type species, and 15 additional taxa, all described from Central America by Chickering, are transferred from Dysderina to Costarina: D. abdita, D. belinda, D. concinna, D. dura, D. humphreyi, D. improvisa, D. intempina, D. meridina, D. obtina, D. potena, D. recondita, D. rigida, D. seclusa, D. silvatica, and D. watina
Funnel-eared bats (Chiroptera, Natalidae)
No full text140 p. : ill. (some col.), maps.
"Issued June 3, 2011."For much of the last third of the 20th century, the diversity of funnel-eared bats (family Natalidae) was underestimated. Although as many as four genera and 11 species were recognized by the mid 20th century, by the 1980s the family was traditionally listed as comprising a single genus of four or five species. In the past decade, the taxonomy of Natalidae has been updated by the discovery of new extant and fossil taxa, the rediscovery of taxa thought to be extinct, and the revalidation of old synonyms at the genus and species levels on the basis of new morphological and molecular evidence. Here, I provide a complete taxonomic revision of Natalidae based on the examination of all taxa described thus far within the family. Thirteen species are recognized here, including an extinct form. New diagnoses, descriptions, and illustrations are provided for each species, including summaries of published information on their natural history, discussions of their conservation status, and an illustrated identification key. The Natalidae appears to be an adaptively diverse clade of bats with distinct ecomorphs in terms of food acquisition, food processing, and mating systems
Vietnamese species of Spathius Nees.
No full text26 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.The species of the genus Spathius Nees without the first radiomedial vein in the forewing and the status of the subgenera Antespathius Belokobylskij and Ambispathius Belokobylskij of this genus are discussed. Six new species from the species groups S. antennalis Szépligeti and S. rusticulus Wilkinson and the subgenus Ambispathius Belokobylskij from Vietnam are described and illustrated: S. alahamatus, n. sp., S. maichauensisn, n. sp., S. pacoensis, n. sp., S. sterlingi, n. sp., S. subanervus, n. sp., and S. tramlapus, n. sp. A key to Spathius species characterized by reduction of the first radiomedial vein in the forewing is provided
Immatures of exomalopsine bees with notes on nesting biology and a tribal key to mature larvae of noncorbiculate, nonparasitic Apinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae). (American Museum novitates, no. 3726)
No full text52 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.This paper describes the eggs/mature oocytes (including ovarian statistics), mature larvae, and pupae of bees belonging to the Exomalopsini, furthering our understanding of the anatomical and behavioral diversity of included taxa. The mature larva is the life stage best represented with the following treated: Anthophorula (Anthophorula) completa (Cockerell), Anthophorula (Anthophorisca) chionura (Cockerell), Anthophorula (Anthophorisca) consobrina (Timberlake), Anthophorula (Anthophorisca) nitens (Cockerell)*, Anthophorula (Anthophorisca) sidae (Cockerell)*, Anthophorula (Isomalopsis) uncicornis González-Vaquero & Roig-Alsina, Eremapis parvula Ogloblin, Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) auropilosa Spinola, Exomalopsis (Exomalopsis) bruesi Cockerell*, Exomalopsis (Stilbomalopsis) solani Cockerell*, Exomalopsis (Stilbomalopsis) solidaginis Cockerell, Chilimalopsis parvula Toro*, and Teratognatha modesta Ogloblin*. Pupae of those species bearing an asterisk (*) are also described. Most specimens were collected in association with studies of nesting biologies. Although some biologies were reported in earlier papers, those of the following species are included as the terminal section herein: Anthophorula (Anthophorula) completa (Cockerell), Anthophorula (Isomalopsis) uncicornis González-Vaquero and Roig-Alsina, Eremapis parvula Ogloblin, Chilimalopsis parvula Toro, and Teratognatha modesta Ogloblin. A preliminary key to mature larvae of the nonparasitic apine tribes (exclusive of the corbiculate tribes) is appended
Leucophoropterini
No full text159 p. : ill. (some col.), maps ; 26 cm.The Leucophoropterini (Miridae: Phylinae) is an Indo-Australian group including 23 genera and 104 species. Diagnoses are provided for all genera of Leucophoropterini. All genera and species of Australian fauna are revised and redescribed to complement earlier detailed study of Schuh for the Indo-Pacific fauna. Additional new taxa from Papua New Guinea are described and a key to the currently recognized genera is provided, as are keys to the species of Ausejanus, n. gen., and Blesingia Carvalho and Gross. Previously described genera include: Abuyogocoris Schuh (4 species), Aitkenia Carvalho and Gross (2 species, 1 described as new), Arafuramiris Schuh (7 species, 3 described as new), Biromiris Schuh (6 species, 3 described as new), Blesingia Carvalho and Gross (7 species, 5 as new combinations), Collessicoris Carvalho and Gross (1 species), Ctypomiris Schuh (3 species, 1 described as new), Gulacapsus Schuh (4 species, 1 described as new), Leucophoroptera Poppius (5 species, 2 described as new), Papuamimus Schuh (2 species), Pseudohallodapocoris Schuh (3 species), Sejanus Distant (29 species), Solomonomimus Schuh (1 species), Trichocephalocapsus Schuh (2 species), and Waterhouseana Carvalho (2 species, 1 described as new) are revised. New genera include: Ausejanus (18 species, 7 described as new and 11 as new combinations), Austrodapus (1 species, described as new), Johnstonsonius (1 species, described as new), Missanos (1 species, described as new), Neaitkenia (2 species, new combinations), Neoleucophoroptera (2 species, new combinations), Papuamiroides (1 species, described as new), and Transleucophoroptera (1 species, new combination). Pseudoleucophoroptera Schuh is synonymized with Blesingia Carvalho and Gross. The following species synonymies are created (junior synonyms first): Sejanus brunneus Carvalho and Gross = Ausejanus tasmaniae (Carvalho and Gross), Sejanus intermedius Carvalho and Gross = Ausejanus albisignatus (Knight), Sejanus melaleucae Carvalho and Gross = Ausejanus mcdonaldi (Carvalho and Gross), Sejanus rosei Carvalho and Gross = Sejanus palumae Carvalho and Gross, and Leucophoroptera nitidior Carvalho and Gross = Blesingia elegans Carvalho and Gross 5 Blesingia latezonata Carvalho and Gross = Leucophoroptera quadrimaculata Poppius. The genera Dilatops Weirauch, Karoocapsus Schuh, Lasiolabops Poppius, Myrmicopsella Poppius, Porophoroptera Carvalho and Gross, Schuhistes Menard, and Tytthus Fieber are removed from the Leucophoropterini. Sejanus species S. biniguni Schuh, S. fasciatus Carvalho and Gross, S. fijiensis Schuh, S. hongkong Schuh, S. leai Carvalho and Gross, S. novecaledonicus Schuh, S. occidentalis Carvalho and Gross, S. ruber Carvalho and Gross, S. rubricatus Carvalho and Gross, and S. trivinosus Carvalho and Gross are treated as incertae sedis